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Ectenosaurus
Taxonomy
Ectenosaurus was named by Russell (1967) [Sepkoski's age data: K Sn].
It was assigned to Plioplatecarpini by Russell (1967); to Mosasauridae by Carroll (1988) and Novas et al. (2002); to Squamata by Sepkoski (2002); to Russellosaurina by Bell and Polcyn (2005); and to Plioplatecarpinae by Bell et al. (2013), Driscoll et al. (2019) and Kiernan and Ebersole (2023).
It was assigned to Plioplatecarpini by Russell (1967); to Mosasauridae by Carroll (1988) and Novas et al. (2002); to Squamata by Sepkoski (2002); to Russellosaurina by Bell and Polcyn (2005); and to Plioplatecarpinae by Bell et al. (2013), Driscoll et al. (2019) and Kiernan and Ebersole (2023).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1967 | Ectenosaurus Russell p. 156 |
| 1988 | Ectenosaurus Carroll |
| 2002 | Ectenosaurus Novas et al. |
| 2002 | Ectenosaurus Sepkoski |
| 2005 | Ectenosaurus Bell and Polcyn p. 189 |
| 2013 | Ectenosaurus Bell Jr. et al. p. 577 |
| 2019 | Ectenosaurus Driscoll et al. |
| 2023 | Ectenosaurus Kiernan and Ebersole p. 4 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Ectenosaurus Russell 1967
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†Ectenosaurus clidastoides Merriam 1894
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Invalid names: Platecarpus oxyrhinus Merriam 1894 [synonym]
†Ectenosaurus shannoni Kiernan and Ebersole 2023
†Ectenosaurus tlemonectes Kiernan and Ebersole 2023
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| C. R. Kiernan and J. A. Ebersole 2023 | Plioplatecarpine possessing the following apomorphies: premaxilla-maxilla suture extending posteriorly beyond posterior end of third maxillary tooth; maxillary and dentary tooth count each exceeding 12; prefrontal excluded from posterolateral margin of external nares by wing of maxilla; frontal emarginate above orbits; prefrontal and postorbitofrontal not in contact; parietal table wider than long; posteroventral process on jugal present; anterior border of jugal vertical ramus convex near jugal corner; 9–11 teeth in pterygoid; pterygoid tooth row anterior to ectopterygoid process straight; pterygoid teeth subequal in size; suprastapedial process
medially excavated; posterolateral infrastapedial process of quadrate overlapping posteriorly onto distal terminus of surprastapedial process; stapedial pit narrowly rectangular; medial parapet of dentary higher than lateral wall; coronoid dorsal process extending posteriorly over free dorsal border of surangular, terminating acutely in profile; post-glenoid notch on dorsal rim of articular; at least 29 presacral, five pygal, and 28 intermediate caudal vertebrae; hypapophysis laterally compressed; anteroventral ridge extending from hypapophysis distinct, almost reaching cotyle; articular surface of pygal square in outline, not triangular; up to seven well ossified carpals. See Russell (1967:157–158) for additional diagnostic postcranial characters, based on the neotype specimen. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade | |||||
| References: Hendy et al. 2009, Gervais 1852, Carroll 1988 | |||||
Age range: base of the Santonian to the top of the Early/Lower Campanian or 86.30000 to 70.60000 Ma
Collections (5 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Late/Upper Coniacian | USA (Kansas) | E. clidastoides (118156) | |
| Late/Upper Coniacian - Early/Lower Campanian | USA (Kansas) | E. tlemonectes (232231) | |
| Santonian | USA (Kansas) | E. clidastoides (123577) | |
| Middle Santonian - Late/Upper Santonian | USA (Texas) | E. sp. (151427) | |
| Early/Lower Campanian | USA (Alabama) | E. shannoni (232232) |