Basic info | Taxonomic history | Classification | Included Taxa |
Morphology | Ecology and taphonomy | External Literature Search | Age range and collections |
Taxonomy
Cephalophini was named by Blyth (1863) [also attributed to Gray 1873]. It is extant.
It was reranked as the subfamily Cephalophinae by Grubb (2001) and Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008).
It was assigned to Antilopinae by Hassanin and Douzery (1999) and Hassanin and Douzery (2003); and to Bovidae by Grubb (2001), Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008) and Gentry (2010).
It was reranked as the subfamily Cephalophinae by Grubb (2001) and Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008).
It was assigned to Antilopinae by Hassanin and Douzery (1999) and Hassanin and Douzery (2003); and to Bovidae by Grubb (2001), Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008) and Gentry (2010).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
---|---|
1863 | Cephalophini Blyth |
1999 | Cephalophini Hassanin and Douzery p. 893 |
2001 | Cephalophinae Grubb p. 377 |
2003 | Cephalophini Hassanin and Douzery p. 223 |
2008 | Cephalophinae Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 978 figs. Fig. 5 |
2010 | Cephalophini Gentry p. 756 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Tr. Cephalophini Blyth 1863
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G. Cephalophus Smith 1827 [duiker]
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Cephalophus adersi Thomas 1918
Cephalophus callipygus Peters 1876
Cephalophus dorsalis Gray 1849 [bay duiker]
Cephalophus harveyi Thomas 1893
Cephalophus jentinki Thomas 1892
Cephalophus leucogaster Gray 1873
Cephalophus monticola Thunberg 1789 [blue duiker]
Cephalophus natalensis Smith 1834
Cephalophus niger Gray 1846
Cephalophus nigrifrons Gray 1871
Cephalophus ogilby Waterhouse 1838
Cephalophus rubidus Thomas 1901
Cephalophus rufilatus Gray 1846
Cephalophus silvicultor Afzelius 1815
Cephalophus spadix True 1890
Cephalophus sylvicultor Afzelius 1815 [yellow-backed duiker]
Cephalophus weynsi Thomas 1901
Cephalophus zebra Gray 1838
G. Philantomba Blkyth 1840
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: f = family, o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
References: Carroll 1988, Nowak 1991, Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1999 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Serravallian to the top of the Holocene or 13.82000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 11.62 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 11.62 Ma
Collections (62 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
---|---|---|---|
Serravallian | Kenya | Cephalophini indet. (22320) | |
Late/Upper Miocene | Algeria (Oran) | Cephalophus sp. (136913) | |
Messinian | Kenya | Cephalophini indet. (22275) Cephalophus sp. (22274) | |
Zanclean | Kenya | Cephalophini indet. (22234) | |
Late/Upper Pliocene | South Africa | Cephalophus caerulus, Cephalophus pricei (22340) | |
Piacenzian | Tanzania | Cephalophini indet. (21789 21801 21810) | |
Gelasian | Kenya | Cephalophus sp. (21460) | |
Early/Lower Pleistocene | Algeria | Cephalophus leporinus, Cephalophus sp. (224087) | |
Gelasian - Calabrian | Tanzania | Cephalophini indet. (21974) | |
Gelasian - Calabrian | Kenya | Cephalophus sp. (21402) | |
Pleistocene | South Africa | Sylvicapra grimmia (21929 21956) | |
Pleistocene | Kenya | Cephalophini indet., Cephalophus sylvicultor (21963) | |
Pleistocene - Holocene | South Africa | Sylvicapra grimmia (21950 21957) | |
Pleistocene - Holocene | Zambia | Cephalophus sp., Sylvicapra sp. (21854) Sylvicapra grimmia (21924) | |
Pleistocene - Holocene | South Africa (Orange Free) | Sylvicapra grimmia (21868) | |
Pleistocene - Holocene | Congo-Kinshasa | Cephalophus sp., Cephalophus monticola (22074) | |
Pleistocene - Holocene | Swaziland | Cephalophus monticola (21925) | |
Calabrian | Tanzania (Lake Natron Basin) | Sylvicapra sp. (22557 22582) | |
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | Kenya | Cephalophini indet. (21276) Cephalophus sp., Sylvicapra sp. (22272 22276) Cephalophus sylvicultor (21277) | |
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | Tanzania | Cephalophus sp. (21893) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | South Africa | Sylvicapra grimmia (96974) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Kenya (Athi-Kapiti plains) | Sylvicapra grimmia (32115 32124) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | South Africa | Sylvicapra grimmia (115167) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Kenya (Athi-Kapiti Plains) | Sylvicapra grimmia (32090 32113) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Kenya (Athi-Kapiti Plain) | Sylvicapra grimmia (32093) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | Kenya (Athi-Kapiti) | Sylvicapra grimmia (32119) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | South Africa | Sylvicapra grimmia (21922) | |
Holocene | South Africa | Cephalophus monticola (21917 21918 21930) Cephalophus monticola, Sylvicapra grimmia (96973) Sylvicapra grimmia (21896 21921) | |
Holocene | Tanzania | Sylvicapra grimmia (21690) | |
Holocene | Kenya (Athi-Kapiti Plains) | Sylvicapra grimmia (32107) | |
Holocene | Sudan | Sylvicapra grimmia (21903 208786 208787) | |
Holocene | Congo-Kinshasa | Cephalophus sp., Cephalophus sylvicultur, Cephalophus rufilatus, Cephalophus leucogaster, Cephalophus monticola (22073) | |
Holocene | Zambia | Cephalophus sp., Sylvicapra sp. (21895) Sylvicapra grimmia (21894) | |
Holocene | South Africa (Orange Free) | Sylvicapra grimmia (21909 21911) | |
Holocene | South Africa (N. Transraal) | Sylvicapra grimmia (21693) | |
Holocene | Swaziland | Cephalophus monticola, Sylvicapra grimmia (21927 21955) | |
Holocene | Kenya | Cephalophini indet. (22310) Sylvicapra grimmia (21933 21938 21959) |