PBDB Collection

Sansan (Miocene to of France)

Where: Midi-Pyrenees, France (43.5° N, 0.6° E: paleocoordinates 43.7° N, 0.6° W)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Langhian to Langhian (16.0 - 11.6 Ma)

• member-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: lacustrine - small; unlithified, gray, blue claystone and marl

• The fossils come from different, superposed lithologies. Those include: purple clays, gray clays, marls, but also limestones and molasse. No distinction is made about the exact provenance of the fossils from these various levels.

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Primary reference: E. Lartet. 1836. [Lettre de E. Lartet a M. Michelin au sujet de la localité de Sansan (Gers), en lecture a la seance du 16 Mai 1836]. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France 1(7):217-220 [E. Fara/E. Fara/E. Fara]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 32191: authorized by Emmanuel Fara, entered by Emmanuel Fara on 09.06.2003, edited by Susanna Kümmell, Chris Bell, Matthew Carrano, Patricia Holroyd, Evangelos Vlachos, Mark Uhen, Bethany Allen, Terri Cleary and Torsten Liebrecht

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• The ref. Ginsburg (1964)is an update of previous works (Lartet 1836-1858) and Filhol (1891), but it was published as new excavations were taking place.

Show authors, comments, and common names

unclassified
-	Miomegaderma gaillardi⁷, Hemicyonidae indet.⁷, Schlossericyon viverroides⁷ Miomegaderma gaillardi⁷ Hemicyonidae indet.⁷ Schlossericyon viverroides⁷
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda - Olividae	Ancilla sp. Ancilla sp. Lamarck 1799 olive snail
Heterostropha - Lymnaeidae	Lymnaea aff. stagnalis Lymnaea aff. stagnalis snail
Heterostropha - Planorbidae	Planorbis sp. Planorbis sp. Muller 1774 snail
-	Bulimus lubricus Bulimus lubricus Müller 1774 snail
Amphibia
Temnospondyli - Albanerpetontidae	Albanerpeton inexpectatum¹⁴ Albanerpeton inexpectatum¹⁴ Estes and Hoffstetter 1976 tetrapod Sa 23401 - Sa 23403, Sa 23404a, Sa 23405, Sa 23407 - Sa 23409
Reptilia
Squamata - Gekkonidae	Gekkonidae indet.¹ Gekkonidae indet.¹ Gray 1825 gecko 17 maxilla or dentary fragments; 34 trunk vertebrae; 4 caudal vertebrae
Squamata -	Lacertilia indet.¹, Anguimorpha indet.¹ Lacertilia indet.¹ Owen 1842 lizard fragment of humerus Anguimorpha indet.¹ squamates ; published as Anguimorpha incertae sedis; 1 anterior left dentary fragment
Squamata - Anguidae	Anguinae indet.¹, Pseudopus laurillardi¹, Ophisaurus sp.¹ Anguinae indet.¹ Gray 1825 squamates Pseudopus laurillardi¹ Lartet 1851 legless lizard Ophisaurus sp.¹ Daudin 1803 glass lizard 24 jaw elements (maxillae or dentary fragments) entered as Ophisaurus sp. 1; 5 jas elements (maxillae or dentary fragments) entered as Ophisaurus sp. 2
Squamata - Scincidae	? Scincidae sp.¹ ? Scincidae sp.¹ Gray 1825 skink 18 dentaries entered as ? Scincidae sp. 1; one dentary entered as ? Scincidae sp. 2
Squamata - Lacertidae	Lacerta sp.¹, Edlartetia sansaniensis n. gen.¹, Amblyolacerta sp.¹ Lacerta sp.¹ Linnaeus 1758 squamates 265 dentaries entered as Lacerta sp. 1; 54 dentaries entered as Lacerta sp. 2 Edlartetia sansaniensis n. gen.¹ Augé and Rage 2000 squamates neotype designated as MNHN Sa 23595, an incomplete right dentary Amblyolacerta sp.¹ Roček 1984 squamates 1 left dentary
Squamata - Amphisbaenidae	Amphisbaenidae indet.¹, Blanus sp.¹, Blanus antiquus⁴ Amphisbaenidae indet.¹ worm lizard 3 dentaries; 1 maxilla; approximately 800 vertebrae Blanus sp.¹ Wagler 1830 worm lizard 23 dentaries Blanus antiquus⁴ worm lizard
Squamata - Colubridae	Natrix sansaniensis¹, Natrix longivertebrata¹, Natrix (aff. Natrix) longivertebrata¹, Paleoheterodon arcuatus¹, Palaeonatrix lehmani¹, Palaeonatrix (aff. Palaeonatrix) lehmani¹, Colubrinae indet.¹, Elaphe sp.¹, Texasophis meini¹, Coluber pouchetii¹, Coluber (aff. Coluber) pouchetii¹, Natricinae indet.¹, Neonatrix natricoides n. sp.¹, Neonatrix europaea¹ Natrix sansaniensis¹ Lartet 1851 water snake Natrix longivertebrata¹ Szyndlar 1984 water snake Natrix (aff. Natrix) longivertebrata¹ Szyndlar 1984 water snake Paleoheterodon arcuatus¹ Rage and Holman 1984 colubrid snake Palaeonatrix lehmani¹ Rage and Roček 1983 colubrid snake Palaeonatrix (aff. Palaeonatrix) lehmani¹ Rage and Roček 1983 colubrid snake Colubrinae indet.¹ Oppel 1811 colubrid snake includes "Colubrinae incertae sedis nomen dubium" applied to Scaptophis Rochebrune, 1880; also includes 103 indeterminate vertebrae Elaphe sp.¹ Wagler 1833 colubrid snake Texasophis meini¹ Rage and Holman 1984 colubrid snake Coluber pouchetii¹ Rochebrune 1880 racer Coluber (aff. Coluber) pouchetii¹ Rochebrune 1880 racer Natricinae indet.¹ Bonaparte 1838 colubrid snake Neonatrix natricoides n. sp.¹ colubrid snake Holotype MNHN Sa 23683, one mid-trunk vertebra; 79 referred vertebrae Neonatrix europaea¹ Rage and Holman 1984 colubrid snake
Squamata - Boidae	Albaneryx depereti¹ Albaneryx depereti¹ Hoffstetter and Rage 1972 sand boa
Squamata - Crotalidae	Viperinae "subtaxon (Vipera sp. "oriental vipers" or Daboia sp.)"¹³, Vipera aegertica n. sp.¹ Viperinae "subtaxon (Vipera sp. "oriental vipers" or Daboia sp.)"¹³ Oppel 1811 pit viper Vipera aegertica n. sp.¹ pit viper Holotype (Sa 23714) one trunk vertebra; also 20 referred vertebrae
Squamata - Elapidae	Micrurus gallicus¹ Micrurus gallicus¹ Rage and Holman 1984 coral snake
Testudines - Chelydridae	Leptochelys braneti n. gen. n. sp.³, "Trionyx sansaniensis n. sp." = Chelydropsis murchisoni², Broilia robusta n. gen. n. sp.³ Leptochelys braneti n. gen. n. sp.³ Bergounioux and Crouzel 1965 turtle MNHN SA2023 (holotype), a partial hyo/hypoplastron "Trionyx sansaniensis n. sp." = Chelydropsis murchisoni² Bell 1836 turtle Broilia robusta n. gen. n. sp.³ Bergounioux and Crouzel 1965 turtle MNHN SA uncat. (lectotype), a string of “caudal” vertebrae
Testudines - Geoemydidae	Clemmydopsis turnauensis⁶, Ptychogaster cf. batalleri⁶, "Ptychogaster sansaniensis" = Ocadia sansaniensis⁶, "Ocadia sansaniensis n. sp." = Ocadia sansaniensis¹⁰ Clemmydopsis turnauensis⁶ Meyer 1847 turtle Ptychogaster cf. batalleri⁶ Bergounioux 1931 turtle "Ptychogaster (Temnoclemys) cf. batalleri" "Ptychogaster sansaniensis" = Ocadia sansaniensis⁶ Lartet 1851 turtle "Ocadia sansaniensis n. sp." = Ocadia sansaniensis¹⁰ Lartet 1851 turtle MNHN SA 15648
Testudines - Testudinidae	Testudo cf. larteti¹¹, "Testudo canetotiana" = Paleotestudo canetotiana⁶ Testudo cf. larteti¹¹ Pictet 1853 turtle BMNH 40772, left precoracoid "Testudo canetotiana" = Paleotestudo canetotiana⁶ Lartet 1851 turtle
Aves
Accipitriformes - Accipitridae	Haliaeetus piscator¹² Haliaeetus piscator¹² Milne-Edwards 1869 hawk
Anseriformes - Anatidae	"Anas sansaniensis" = Chenoanas sansaniensis¹⁶ "Anas sansaniensis" = Chenoanas sansaniensis¹⁶ Milne-Edwards 1867 waterfowl
Mammalia
Proboscidea - Deinotheriidae	"Deinotherium levius" = Deinotherium giganteum⁷ "Deinotherium levius" = Deinotherium giganteum⁷ Kaup 1829 deinothere entered as "Dinotherium levius"
Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae	"Trilophodon angustidens" = Tetrabelodon angustidens⁷ "Trilophodon angustidens" = Tetrabelodon angustidens⁷ Cuvier 1806 gomphothere
Proboscidea - Mammutidae	Zygolophodon turicensis¹⁵ Zygolophodon turicensis¹⁵ Schintz 1824 mastodon
Rodentia - Castoridae	Steneofiber sansaniensis⁷ Steneofiber sansaniensis⁷ beaver
Rodentia - Gliridae	Muscardinus sansaniensis⁷ Muscardinus sansaniensis⁷ Lartet 1856 dormouse
Rodentia - Cricetidae	Eumyarion medius⁸, Megacricetodon minor⁵, Cricetodon helveticus⁷, Cricetodon gaillardi⁷, Cricetodon cf. affine⁷, Cricetodon sansaniensis⁷, "Cricetodon cf. breve" = Democricetodon brevis⁷, "Cricetodon minus" = Democricetodon minor⁷ Eumyarion medius⁸ Lartet 1851 mouse Megacricetodon minor⁵ Lartet 1851 mouse Cricetodon helveticus⁷ mouse Cricetodon gaillardi⁷ mouse Cricetodon cf. affine⁷ mouse Cricetodon sansaniensis⁷ Lartet 1851 mouse "Cricetodon cf. breve" = Democricetodon brevis⁷ Schaub 1925 mouse "Cricetodon minus" = Democricetodon minor⁷ Lartet 1851 mouse
Rodentia - Sciuridae	Sciuropterus sansaniensis⁷ Sciuropterus sansaniensis⁷ squirrel
Lagomorpha - Ochotonidae	Prolagus oeningensis⁷ Prolagus oeningensis⁷ König 1825 pika
Primates - Pliopithecidae	Pliopithecus antiquus⁷ Pliopithecus antiquus⁷ Blainville 1839 monkey
Theriamorpha - Talpidae	Talpa minuta⁷, Proscapanus sansaniensis⁷, Mygalea antiqua⁷ Talpa minuta⁷ Blainville 1840 mole Proscapanus sansaniensis⁷ Lartet 1851 mole Mygalea antiqua⁷ Pomel 1848 mole
Theriamorpha - Soricidae	Sorex grivensis⁷, Heterosorex sansaniensis⁷ Sorex grivensis⁷ long-tailed shrew Heterosorex sansaniensis⁷ shrew
Theriamorpha - Erinaceidae	Lantanotherium sansaniensis⁷, Galerix exilis⁷ Lantanotherium sansaniensis⁷ Lartet 1851 hedgehog Galerix exilis⁷ de Blainville 1839 hedgehog
Theriamorpha - Erinaceoidae	Plesiodimylus chantrei⁷ Plesiodimylus chantrei⁷ Gaillard 1899 placental
Carnivora - Amphicyonidae	Pseudocyon sansaniensis⁷, Pseudarctos bavaricus⁷, Amphicyon major⁷ Pseudocyon sansaniensis⁷ Lartet 1851 bear-dog Pseudarctos bavaricus⁷ Schlosser 1899 bear-dog Amphicyon major⁷ De Blainville 1841 bear-dog
Carnivora - Mustelidae	Mionictis dubia⁷, Mustelinae indet.⁷, "Lutra dubia" = Lartetictis dubia⁹, Melidellavus leptorhynchus⁷, Taxodon sansaniensis⁷, Ischyrictis zibethoides⁷, Martes muncki⁷, Martes sansaniensis⁷ Mionictis dubia⁷ de Blainville 1841 otter Mustelinae indet.⁷ Fischer 1817 mustelid carnivore "Lutra dubia" = Lartetictis dubia⁹ Blainville 1841 mustelid carnivore Melidellavus leptorhynchus⁷ mustelid carnivore Taxodon sansaniensis⁷ Lartet 1851 badger Ischyrictis zibethoides⁷ Blainville 1842 mustelid carnivore Martes muncki⁷ marten Martes sansaniensis⁷ Lartet 1851 marten
Carnivora - Ailuridae	Alopecocyon goeriachensis⁷ Alopecocyon goeriachensis⁷ Toula 1884 red panda
Carnivora -	Proputorius sansaniensis⁷ Proputorius sansaniensis⁷ Filhol 1891 carnivoran
Carnivora - Ursidae	Hemicyon sansaniensis⁷, Plithocyon armagnacensis⁷ Hemicyon sansaniensis⁷ Lartet 1851 bear Plithocyon armagnacensis⁷ Ginsburg 1955 bear
Carnivora - Nimravidae	Sansanosmilus palmidens⁷ Sansanosmilus palmidens⁷ Blainville 1841 false sabre-tooth
Carnivora - Viverridae	Semigenetta mutata⁷ Semigenetta mutata⁷ civet
Carnivora - Percrocutidae	Pseudailurus quadridentatus⁷, Pseudailurus lorteti⁷, Pseudailurus turnauensis⁷ Pseudailurus quadridentatus⁷ carnivoran Pseudailurus lorteti⁷ carnivoran Pseudailurus turnauensis⁷ carnivoran
Perissodactyla - Equidae	Anchitherium aurelianense⁷ Anchitherium aurelianense⁷ Cuvier 1825 anchitheriine horse
Perissodactyla - Chalicotheriidae	Chalicotherium grande⁷ Chalicotherium grande⁷ de Blainville 1849 chalicothere
Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae	"Aceratherium tetradactylum" = Hoploaceratherium tetradactylum⁷, Dicerorhinus sansaniensis⁷, Brachypotherium brachypus⁷ "Aceratherium tetradactylum" = Hoploaceratherium tetradactylum⁷ Lartet 1837 rhinoceros Dicerorhinus sansaniensis⁷ rhinoceros Brachypotherium brachypus⁷ Lartet 1848 rhinoceros
Artiodactyla - Palaeomerycidae	Palaeomeryx bojani⁷ Palaeomeryx bojani⁷ ruminant
Artiodactyla - Lagomerycidae	Heteroprox larteti⁷, Dicrocerus elegans⁷ Heteroprox larteti⁷ Filhol 1890 ruminant Dicrocerus elegans⁷ Lartet 1837 ruminant
Artiodactyla - Bovidae	Eotragus sansaniensis⁷, Strogulognathus sansaniensis⁷ Eotragus sansaniensis⁷ Lartet 1851 antelope Strogulognathus sansaniensis⁷ antelope
Artiodactyla - Moschidae	Micromeryx flourensianus⁷ Micromeryx flourensianus⁷ Lartet 1851 musk deer
Artiodactyla - Tragulidae	Dorcatherium crassum⁷ Dorcatherium crassum⁷ Lartet 1851 chevrotain
Artiodactyla - Suidae	Listriodon splendens⁷ Listriodon splendens⁷ pig
Artiodactyla -	Taucanamo sansaniense⁷ Taucanamo sansaniense⁷ Lartet 1851 even-toed ungulate
Chiroptera -	"Chiroptera" "I nov. gen. nov. sp. (Ginsburg 1964)"⁷, "Chiroptera" "II ("Vespertilio" noctuloides Lartet)(Ginsburg 1964)(Ginsburg 1964)"⁷, "Chiroptera" "III ("Vespertilio" murinoides Lartet) (Ginsburg 1964)"⁷ "Chiroptera" "I nov. gen. nov. sp. (Ginsburg 1964)"⁷ Blumenbach 1779 bat "Chiroptera" "II ("Vespertilio" noctuloides Lartet)(Ginsburg 1964)(Ginsburg 1964)"⁷ Blumenbach 1779 bat "Chiroptera" "III ("Vespertilio" murinoides Lartet) (Ginsburg 1964)"⁷ Blumenbach 1779 bat
Angiospermae
Rosales - Ulmaceae	Celtis sp.⁷ Celtis sp.⁷ Linnaeus 1753 hackberry
Cyclostoma elegans
-	Cyclostoma elegans Cyclostoma elegans Muller 1774

¹Augé and Rage 2000; ²Bergounioux 1935; ³Bergounioux and Crouzel 1965; ⁴Böhme 1999; ⁵Bollinger 1994; ⁶Broin 1977; ⁷Ginsburg 1964; ⁸Heißig 1989; ⁹Heizmann and Morlo 1998; ¹⁰Lartet 1851; ¹¹Lydekker 1889; ¹²Mlíkovsky 1997; ¹³Rage and Bailon 2005; ¹⁴Rage and Hossini 2000; ¹⁵Tassy 1977; ¹⁶Zelenkov et al. 2018