PBDB Collection

Blackwater (Pleistocene of Ireland)

Where: Ireland (52.4° N, 6.3° W: paleocoordinates 52.4° N, 6.3° W)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Wexford Gravels Formation, Middle Pleistocene (0.8 - 0.1 Ma)

• Traditionally thought to be Pliocene

• formation-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: marine; conglomerate

• Shell-fragments were frequent in both sands and gravels but complete shells were almost confined to the finer gravel.

Size class: macrofossils

Primary reference: N. F. McMillan. 1963. The Mollusca of the Wexford Gravels (Pleistocene), South-East Ireland. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Section B: Biological, Geological, and Chemical Science 63:265-289 [P. Wagner/P. Wagner]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 178118: authorized by Pete Wagner, entered by Pete Wagner on 19.04.2016

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

Gastropoda
Heterostropha - Ellobiidae	"Melampus pyramidalis" = Ellobium pyramidale "Melampus pyramidalis" = Ellobium pyramidale Sowerby 1822 snail
Heterostropha - Acteonidae	Acteon tornatilis Acteon tornatilis Linnaeus 1758 snail
Sorbeoconcha - Capulidae	Capulus ungaricus Capulus ungaricus Linnaeus 1758 snail
Sorbeoconcha - Naticidae	Natica nanum, Natica ? fusca, Natica ? alderi, "Natica cf. pallida" = Euspira pallida, "Natica catena" = Euspira catena Natica nanum moon snail Natica ? fusca moon snail Natica ? alderi moon snail "Natica cf. pallida" = Euspira pallida Broderip and Sowerby 1829 moon snail "Natica catena" = Euspira catena da Costa 1778 moon snail
Sorbeoconcha - Littorinidae	Littorina littorea, Littorina littoralis, Lacuna crassior Littorina littorea periwinkle Littorina littoralis periwinkle Lacuna crassior periwinkle
Sorbeoconcha - Triviidae	"Trivia monacha" = Trivia (Trivia) monacha "Trivia monacha" = Trivia (Trivia) monacha da Costa 1778 snail
Neogastropoda - Mitridae	Mitra cornicula Mitra cornicula mitre shell
Neogastropoda - Conidae	"Lora turricula" = Oenopota, "Lora pyramidalis" = Oenopota, "Lora nobilis" = Oenopota, "Lora rufa" = Oenopota "Lora turricula" = Oenopota cone shell Lora turricula rosea "Lora pyramidalis" = Oenopota cone shell "Lora nobilis" = Oenopota cone shell "Lora rufa" = Oenopota cone shell Lora rufa ulideana
Neogastropoda - Buccinidae	"Sipho islandicus" = Colus islandicus, Buccinum conoideum, Buccinum pulchellum, Buccinum finmarkianum, Buccinum undatum, Searlesia forbes, Neptunea sp., "Trophonopsis truncatus" = Neptunea (Trophonopsis), "Trophonopsis muricatus" = Neptunea (Trophonopsis), "Trophonopsis marmeri" = Neptunea (Trophonopsis), "Trophonopsis coddii" = Neptunea (Trophonopsis), "Trophonopsis barvicensis" = Neptunea (Trophonopsis), "Trophonopsis fabricii" = Neptunea (Trophonopsis) "Sipho islandicus" = Colus islandicus Mohr 1786 true whelk Buccinum conoideum true whelk Buccinum pulchellum true whelk Buccinum finmarkianum Verkrüzen 1875 true whelk Buccinum undatum Linnaeus 1758 true whelk Searlesia forbes true whelk Neptunea sp. Röding 1798 true whelk "Trophonopsis truncatus" = Neptunea (Trophonopsis) true whelk "Trophonopsis muricatus" = Neptunea (Trophonopsis) true whelk "Trophonopsis marmeri" = Neptunea (Trophonopsis) true whelk "Trophonopsis coddii" = Neptunea (Trophonopsis) true whelk "Trophonopsis barvicensis" = Neptunea (Trophonopsis) true whelk "Trophonopsis fabricii" = Neptunea (Trophonopsis) true whelk Trophonopsis fabricii
Neogastropoda - Nassariidae	Nassarius incrassatu, Nassarius reticulatus, Nassarius labiosus, Nassarius reticulata, Nassarius pertenuis, Nassarius elegans, Nassarius reticosus Nassarius incrassatu snail Nassarius reticulatus snail Nassarius labiosus snail Nassarius reticulata snail Nassarius reticulata nitida Nassarius pertenuis snail Nassarius elegans Sowerby 1824 snail Nassarius reticosus Sowerby 1815 snail
Neogastropoda - Muricidae	"Ocenebra erinacea" = Ocenebra erinaceus, "Sipho latericeus" = Trophon (Sipho), "Sipho curtus" = Trophon (Sipho), "Sipho exiguus" = Trophon (Sipho), "Sipho ? feneslratus" = Trophon (Sipho), "Sipho gracilis" = Trophon (Sipho), "Sipho howsei" = Trophon (Sipho), "Sipho jeffreysianus" = Trophon (Sipho), "Sipho latriceus" = Trophon (Sipho), "Sipho togatus" = Trophon (Sipho), "Trophonopsis clathratus" = Boreotrophon clathratus, Nucella lapillus "Ocenebra erinacea" = Ocenebra erinaceus Linnaeus 1758 murex snail "Sipho latericeus" = Trophon (Sipho) murex snail "Sipho curtus" = Trophon (Sipho) murex snail "Sipho exiguus" = Trophon (Sipho) murex snail "Sipho ? feneslratus" = Trophon (Sipho) murex snail "Sipho gracilis" = Trophon (Sipho) murex snail "Sipho howsei" = Trophon (Sipho) murex snail "Sipho jeffreysianus" = Trophon (Sipho) murex snail "Sipho latriceus" = Trophon (Sipho) murex snail "Sipho togatus" = Trophon (Sipho) murex snail Sipho togatus crassus "Trophonopsis clathratus" = Boreotrophon clathratus Linnaeus 1767 murex snail Nucella lapillus Linnaeus 1758 murex snail
Neogastropoda - Cancellariidae	Admete coulhouyi, Admete viridula Admete coulhouyi admete Admete viridula Fabricius 1780 admete
Neogastropoda - Volutomitridae	Volutomitra greenlandica Volutomitra greenlandica snail
Sorbeoconcha - Cassidae	Galeodea rugosa Galeodea rugosa snail
Sorbeoconcha - Aporrhaidae	Aporrhais pespelecani Aporrhais pespelecani Linnaeus 1758 snail
Epitonioidea - Epitoniidae	"Scala greenlandicum" = Epitonium (Scala) "Scala greenlandicum" = Epitonium (Scala) wentletrap
Neotaenioglossa - Trichotropidae	Wexfordia dautzenbergi n. gen. n. sp. Wexfordia dautzenbergi n. gen. n. sp. Harmer 1921 snail
Cerithioidea - Turritellidae	"Turritella incrassata" = Turritella (Haustator) incrassata, Turritella biplicata, Turritella triplicata, Turritella communis "Turritella incrassata" = Turritella (Haustator) incrassata Sowerby 1814 turret shell Turritella biplicata turret shell Turritella triplicata turret shell Turritella communis Risso 1826 turret shell
Lepetellida - Fissurellidae	"Diodora apertura" = Diodora graeca "Diodora apertura" = Diodora graeca Linnaeus 1758 snail
Bivalvia
Mytilida - Mytilidae	Mytilus edulis, "Modiolus modiolus" = Modiolus (Modiolus) modiolus Mytilus edulis Linnaeus 1758 mussel "Modiolus modiolus" = Modiolus (Modiolus) modiolus Linnaeus 1758 mussel
Ostreida - Ostreidae	Ostrea edulis Ostrea edulis Linnaeus 1758 oyster
Pectinida - Anomiidae	Anomia ephippium Anomia ephippium Linnaeus 1758 jingle
Pectinida - Pectinoidae	"Chlamys distorta" = Talochlamys pusio, "Pecten maximus" = Pecten maxima, "Chlamys varia" = Chlamys (Chlamys) varia, "Chlamys islandica" = Chlamys (Chlamys) islandica, "Chlamys opercularis" = Aequipecten opercularis "Chlamys distorta" = Talochlamys pusio Linnaeus 1758 scallop "Pecten maximus" = Pecten maxima Linnaeus 1758 scallop "Chlamys varia" = Chlamys (Chlamys) varia Linnaeus 1758 scallop "Chlamys islandica" = Chlamys (Chlamys) islandica Müller 1776 scallop "Chlamys opercularis" = Aequipecten opercularis Linnaeus 1758 scallop
Arcida - Glycymerididae	Glycymeris violacescens, Glycymeris pilosa, Glycymeris glycymeris Glycymeris violacescens clam Glycymeris pilosa Linnaeus 1767 clam Glycymeris glycymeris Linnaeus 1758 clam
Arcida - Arcidae	Arca lactea Arca lactea Linnaeus 1767 ark
Arcida - Limopsidae	Limopsis anomala Limopsis anomala clam
Cardiida - Tellinidae	"Tellina ? crassa" = Arcopagia (Arcopagia) crassa, "Macoma balthica" = Macoma (Macoma) balthica "Tellina ? crassa" = Arcopagia (Arcopagia) crassa Pennant 1777 tellin clam "Macoma balthica" = Macoma (Macoma) balthica Linnaeus 1758 tellin clam
Cardiida - Donacidae	Donax vittatus Donax vittatus da Costa 1778 clam
Cardiida - Cardiidae	Cardium tuberculatum, "Cardium echinatum" = Acanthocardia (Acanthocardia) echinata, "Cardium crassum" = Laevicardium crassum, "Cardium edule" = Cerastoderma edule Cardium tuberculatum Linnaeus 1758 cockle "Cardium echinatum" = Acanthocardia (Acanthocardia) echinata Linnaeus 1767 cockle "Cardium crassum" = Laevicardium crassum Gmelin 1791 cockle "Cardium edule" = Cerastoderma edule Linnaeus 1758 cockle
Cardiida - Veneridae	"Venus casina" = Dosina cassina, "Dosinia lupinus" = Dosinia lupina, Irus irus, Paphia aurea, Paphia rhomboides, Paphia pullastra, "Venus fasciata" = Clausinella fasciata "Venus casina" = Dosina cassina Linnaeus 1758 venus clam "Dosinia lupinus" = Dosinia lupina Linnaeus 1758 venus clam Irus irus Linnaeus 1767 venus clam Paphia aurea venus clam Paphia rhomboides venus clam Paphia pullastra venus clam "Venus fasciata" = Clausinella fasciata da Costa 1778 venus clam
Cardiida - Arcticidae	Arctica islandica Arctica islandica Linnaeus 1767 clam
Cardiida - Mactridae	Mactra cinerea, Lutraria lutraria, Spisula solida, Spisula subtruncata, Spisula elliptica Mactra cinerea clam Lutraria lutraria Linnaeus 1767 clam Spisula solida clam Spisula solida truncato Spisula subtruncata da Costa 1778 clam Spisula elliptica Brown 1827 clam
Pholadida - Pholadidae	Zirfaea crispata Zirfaea crispata Linnaeus 1758 clam
Pholadida - Myidae	"Mya truncata" = Mya (Mya) truncata "Mya truncata" = Mya (Mya) truncata Linnaeus 1758 softshell clam
Hiatellida - Hiatellidae	Hiatella gallicana, Hiatella arctica, "Panomya arctica" = Panomya norvegica Hiatella gallicana clam Hiatella arctica Linnaeus 1767 clam "Panomya arctica" = Panomya norvegica Spengler 1793 clam
Solenida - Pharidae	Ensis siliqua Ensis siliqua clam
Solenida - Solenidae	Solen marginatus, "Ensis ensis" = Solen ensis Solen marginatus Pulteney 1799 clam "Ensis ensis" = Solen ensis Linnaeus 1767 clam
Carditida - Carditidae	Cardita senilis Cardita senilis Lamarck 1805 clam
Carditida - Astartidae	Astarte crebicostale, Astarte richardsoni, Astarte elliptica, Astarte sulcata, Astarte montagui Astarte crebicostale clam Astarte richardsoni clam Astarte elliptica Brown 1827 clam Astarte sulcata Da Costa 1778 clam Astarte montagui Dillwyn 1817 clam
Nuculida - Nuculidae	Acila cobboldiae Acila cobboldiae divaricate nutclam
Nuculanida - Nuculanidae	Nuculana pernula Nuculana pernula Müller 1779 pointed nut clam