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Apocynaceae (dogbane)

Angiospermae - Gentianales - Apocynaceae

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1789Apocynaceae de Jussieu
1919Apocynaceae Knowlton
1919Asclepiadaceae Knowlton
1941Apocynaceae MacGinitie
1941Asclepiadaceae MacGinitie
1961Apocynaceae Chandler p. 82
1962Apocynaceae Chandler p. 138
1964Apocynaceae Chandler p. 100
1970Apocynaceoxylon Chitaley et al.
2000Apocynaceae Mabberley
2000Asclepiadaceae Mabberley
2016Apocynaceae The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group p. 19

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomPlantae
phylumSpermatophyta
classAngiospermae
—Mesangiosperms
—EudicotsDoyle and Hotton 1991
—CoreeudicotsThe Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2009
—Superasterids
RankNameAuthor
—Asterids
—Euasterids
—Lamiids
orderGentianales
familyApocynaceaede Jussieu 1789
familyApocynaceaede Jussieu 1789

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Apocynaceae de Jussieu 1789 [dogbane]
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G. Alstonia Brown 1810
+
†Alstonia mioscholaris Antal and Awasthi 1993
†Alstonia nepalensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2007
G. †Alyxia Banks and Brown 1810
+
†Alyxia koilabasensis Prasad and Dwivedi 2007
G. †Apocynocarpum Ettingshausen 1886
+
†Apocynocarpum sulcatum Ettingshausen 1886
G. †Apocynophyllum Unger 1850
+
†Apocynophyllum lesquereuxii Ettingshausen 1883
†Apocynophyllum linifolium Knowlton 1917
†Apocynophyllum pealii Ettingshausen 1883
†Apocynophyllum scudderi Lesquereux 1883
†Apocynophyllum sordidum Lesquereux 1891
†Apocynophyllum tabellarum Lesquereux 1869
G. †Apocynospermum Reid and Chandler 1926
+
†Apocynospermum acutiforme Chandler 1962
†Apocynospermum lakense Chandler 1961
†Apocynospermum striatum Reid and Chandler 1926
G. †Aspidospermoxylon Kruse 1954
+
G. Carissa Linnaeus 1767
+
†Carissa koilabasensis Prasad 1994
G. Chonemorpha Don 1837
+
†Chonemorpha miocenica Prasad and Awasthi 1996
G. †Cricotriporites Leidelmeyer 1966
+
†Cricotriporites camerounensis Salard-Cheboldaeff 1978
†Cricotriporites elongatoporus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
†Cricotriporites fragilis van Hoeken-Klinkenberg 1966
†Cricotriporites guianensis Leidelmeyer 1966
†Cricotriporites macroporus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
†Cricotriporites minutiporus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
+
Invalid names: Triorites minutipori Müller 1968 [synonym]
†Cricotriporites operculatus van Hoeken-Klinkenberg 1966
G. †Cypselites Heer 1859
+
†Cypselites neagelii Heer 1859
G. †Echitonium Unger 1839
+
†Echitonium lanceolatum Ettingshausen 1883
†Echitonium sophiae Weber 1852
†Echitonium superstes Unger 1839
G. †Fezzania Boureau 1956
+
†Fezzania calanchoensis Boureau 1956
G. Hemidesmus Brown 1810
G. Landolphia de Beauvois
G. †Leakeyia Chesters 1957
+
†Leakeyia vesiculosa Chesters 1957
G. †Lyonsiaephyllum Deane 1907
+
†Lyonsiaephyllum duni Deane 1907
G. †Neritinium Unger 1850
+
†Neritinium dubium Unger 1850
G. †Nerium Linnaeus
+
†Nerium hinoidea MacGinitie 1941
G. †Ochrosella Reid and Chandler 1933
+
†Ochrosella ovalis Reid and Chandler 1933
G. †Ochrosoidea Reid and Chandler 1933
+
†Ochrosoidea sheppeyensis Reid and Chandler 1933
G. Rauvolfia Linnaeus
G. †Tabernaemontana Linnaeus
+
G. †Tabernaemontanophyllum Geyler 1887
G. Wrightia Brown 1810
+
†Wrightia palaeotinctoria Prasad and Awasthi 1996
†Wrightia siwalica Prasad 1994
Invalid names: Apocynaceoxylon Chitaley et al. 1970 [nomen nudum], Asclepiadaceae Borkhausen [synonym], Plumieroideae Schumann [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Diet: "photoautotroph"p
Created: 2011-07-22 00:04:15
Modified: 2011-07-21 09:04:15
Source: p = phylum
Reference: Kiessling 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Maastrichtian to the top of the Holocene or 72.10000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 66.0 Ma

Collections (105 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Cretaceous - Early/Lower Paleocene100.5 - 61.7Argentina (Chubut) Cricotriporites minutiporus (195707)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0Argentina (Chubut) Cricotriporites minutiporus (31653 199410)
Danian66.0 - 61.6Argentina (Chubut) Cricotriporites sp. (151453 151455 151456 151458 151460 151463)
Paleocene66.0 - 56.0USA (Colorado) Apocynophyllum lesquereuxi (43415 52823 52932)
Paleogene66.0 - 23.03India (Madhya Pradesh) Apocynaceoxylon mohgaoense (224606)
Middle Paleocene - Late/Upper Paleocene61.7 - 55.8Colombia Apocynaceae CJ13 (134513 134748 134750)
Thanetian59.2 - 56.0United Kingdom (England) Apocynospermum lakense (23327)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8United Kingdom (England) Apocynophyllum sheppyense (22811) Apocynospermum lakense, Apocynospermum acutiforme (23398)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France (Oise) Apocynaceae indet. (68174)
Lostcabinian55.8 - 50.3USA (Wyoming) Apocynaceae sp. 1 (11484 11498) Apocynaceae sp.1 (11354)
Wasatchian55.8 - 50.3USA (Wyoming) Apocynaceae RR17 (28135 28708 28718 28721 28731 28733 28734 28737 28738 28911)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6USA (Texas) Apocynophyllum wilcoxense (98211)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6Colombia Cricotriporites guianensis (28771 28772 29142) Cricotriporites guianensis, Cricotriporites macroporus (29080) Cricotriporites macroporus (28773)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6USA (Wyoming ) Apocynaceae RR17 (129152)
Early/Lower Eocene - Late/Upper Eocene55.8 - 33.9Venezuela (Zulia) Apocynophyllum texensis (31274)
Early/Lower Eocene - Late/Upper Miocene55.8 - 5.333Argentina Polioexolobus prenuntius, Landolphia paraparaensis (32201)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3France Echitonium michelotii (184468)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71Colombia Cricotriporites elongatoporus, Cricotriporites macroporus (29074 29078) Cricotriporites guianensis (29157) Cricotriporites macroporus (29076) Cricotriporites minutiporus (28865)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71USA (California) Asclepiadites laterita (23995) Nerium hinoidea, Tabernaemontana chrysophylloides (23996)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Myanmar (Sagaing) Apocynaceae indet. (227630)
Priabonian - Rupelian38.0 - 28.1Peru (Loreto) Cricotriporites macroporus (144474)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9Myanmar (Sagaing) Apocynaceae indet. (227664 227674 227710 227720) Apocynaceae indet., Cricotriporites sp. (227698) Cricotriporites sp. (227632 227633 227648 227671 227696 227699 227787)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9China (Shaanxi) Apocynaceae indet. (223930)
Late/Upper Eocene37.2 - 33.9China (Sichuan) Alstonia sp. (223914)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Czech Republic Apocynospermum striatum (31643)
Oligocene33.9 - 23.03India Alstonia sp. (212868)
Rupelian - Chattian33.9 - 23.03Germany (Saxony) Apocynophyllum helveticum (24922 24925 24978 25003 25574 25581 25583)
Early/Lower Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene33.9 - 15.97Australia (Victoria) Alyxia sp. (169006)
Early/Lower Oligocene - Late/Upper Miocene33.9 - 5.333Argentina (Santa Cruz) Apocynophyllum chalianum (31544)
Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene23.03 - 11.608Venezuela (Falcon) Apocynophyllum salvadorensis (31279)
Early/Lower Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene23.03 - 5.333Venezuela (Zulia) Apocynophyllum salvadorensis (31273)
Early/Lower Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene23.03 - 5.333Venezuela Apocynophyllum salvadorensis (32006)
Early/Lower Miocene - Late/Upper Miocene23.03 - 5.333Venezuela (Trujillo) Apocynophyllum salvadorensis (31281)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333Nepal Tabernaemontana precoronaria, Carissa koilabasensis, Alyxia koilabasensis, Alstonia nepalensis (222898)
Early/Lower Miocene - Late/Upper Pliocene23.03 - 2.588Mexico (Vera Cruz) Apocynophyllum mexicanum (32066)
Miocene - Pliocene23.03 - 2.588South Africa Rauvolfia sp. (22226)
Miocene - Pliocene23.03 - 2.588India (Uttarakhand) Chonemorpha miocenica (222808)
Miocene - Pliocene23.03 - 2.588India (West Bengal) Alstonia mioscholaris (223486)
Miocene - Pliocene23.03 - 2.588Nepal Chonemorpha miocenica, Wrightia palaeotinctoria (222975)
Langhian15.97 - 13.82Germany (Brandenburg) Apocynophyllum neriifolium (27520)
Middle Miocene15.97 - 11.608India (Uttarakhand) Wrightia siwalica (222797)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Kenya Apocynaceae indet. (22311) Landolphia sp., Rauvolfia sp. (22266)
Late/Upper Miocene11.608 - 5.333Argentina (Catamarca) Cricotriporites guianensis (137142)
Early/Lower Pliocene - Late/Upper Pliocene5.333 - 2.588Bolivia (Potosi) Cypselites potosianus, Apocynophyllum potosianum (32127)
Pliocene - Calabrian5.333 - 0.774Tanzania Carissa sp. (22335)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene3.6 - 0.781India (Arunachal Pradesh) Chonemorpha miocenica (224427)
Gelasian2.588 - 1.806Kenya Tabernaemontana sp. (21401 21461 21478)
Quaternary2.58 - 0.0India (Rajasthan) Wrightia sp. (228789 228811 228812)
Quaternary2.58 - 0.0India (Uttarakhand) Apocynaceae indet. (228809)
Quaternary2.58 - 0.0India (West Bengal) Hemidesmus sp. (228795 228821)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0India (Rajasthan) Wrightia sp. (228790)