Rebbachisaurus was named by Lavocat (1954). It is the type genus of Rebbachisauridae, Rebbachisaurinae.

It was assigned to Sauropoda by Lavocat (1954); to Camarasauridae by Lapparent (1958) and Lapparent (1960); to Sauropoda by Tatarinov (1964); to Morosauridae by Charig (1967); to Brachiosaurinae by Steel (1970); to Titanosauridae by Romer (1966) and Molnar (1980); to Brachiosauridae by Paul (1988), Carroll (1988) and Molnar (1992); to Sauropoda by Charroud and Fedan (1992); to Dicraeosaurinae by McIntosh (1990) and Russell (1996); to Diplodocimorpha by Calvo and Salgado (1995), Salgado (1999) and Calvo (1999); to Diplodocidae by Jacobs et al. (1996) and Marty et al. (2010); to Limaysaurinae by Carballido et al. (2012); to Diplodocoidea by Upchurch (1997), Wilson and Sereno (1998) and Xing et al. (2015); to Rebbachisaurinae by Wilson and Allain (2015) and Fanti et al. (2015); to Rebbachisauridae by Bonaparte (1997), Bonaparte (1999), Wilson (2002), Gallina et al. (2002), Torcida Fernández-Baldor et al. (2003), Upchurch et al. (2004), Dalla Vecchia (2005), Apesteguía (2005), Gallina and Apesteguía (2005), Taylor and Naish (2005), Salgado et al. (2006), Remes (2006), Mannion (2009), Suteethorn et al. (2010), Carballido et al. (2010), Taquet (2010), Whitlock (2011), Ibiricu et al. (2012), Mannion et al. (2012), Salgado et al. (2012), Haluza et al. (2012), Ibiricu et al. (2015) and Salisbury et al. (2016); and to Nigersaurinae by Mannion et al. (2019).