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Eucryptodira

Osteichthyes - Testudines

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1975Eucryptodira Gaffney p. 2
1998Eucryptodira Gaffney et al. p. 3
1998Eucryptodira Hirayama and Hikida p. 70
2001Eucryptodira Peng et al. p. 23
2003Eucryptodira Parham and Hutchison p. 785
2004Eucryptodira Tong et al. p. 2
2005Eucryptodira Parham p. 75
2007Eucryptodira Joyce
2008Eucryptodira Pérez-García et al.
2010Eucryptodira Rabi et al.
2011Eucryptodira Pérez-García and Ortega
2012Eucryptodira Pérez-García
2012Eucryptodira Tong and Brinkman
2012Eucryptodira Tong et al.
2013Eucryptodira Brinkman
2013Eucryptodira Hutchison et al.
2014Eucryptodira Danilov et al.
2016Eucryptodira Anquetin and Chapman
2017Eucryptodira Puntener et al.
2018Eucryptodira Mallon and Brinkman
2022Eucryptodira Obraztsova et al.
2023Eucryptodira Zverkov et al. p. 12

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
RankNameAuthor
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
—Testudinata(Oppel 1811)
orderTestudinesBatsch 1788
suborderCryptodira
—Eucryptodira
—Eucryptodira

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Eucryptodira Gaffney 1975
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G. †Borealochelys Brinkman and Tarduno 2005
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†Borealochelys axelheibergensis Brinkman and Tarduno 2005
Superfm. Chelydroidea Baur 1893
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Fm. Chelydridae Swainson 1839
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G. Chelydra Schweigger 1812 [Snapping turtle]
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Chelydra acutirostris Peters 1862 [South American snapping turtle]
Chelydra rossignonii Bocourt 1868 [Central American snapping turtle]
Chelydra serpentina Linnaeus 1758 [Common snapping turtle]
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Invalid names: Chelydra emarginata Agassiz 1857 [synonym], Chelydra lacertina Schweigger 1812 [synonym], Chelydra laticarinata Hay 1916 [synonym], Chelydra osceola Stejneger 1918 [synonym], Chelydra sculpta Hay 1916 [synonym], Devisia mythodes Ogilby 1905 [synonym], Macrochelys floridana Hay 1907 [synonym], Testudo longicauda Shaw in Gray 1831 [synonym], Testudo serpentaria Wiedemann 1802 [synonym], Testudo serrata Pennant in Gray 1830 [synonym]
Invalid names: Cheliurus Rafinesque 1815 [nomen nudum], Chelonura Fleming 1822 [synonym], Devisia Ogilby 1905 [synonym], Emysaurus Dumeril and Bibron 1835 [synonym], Ophichelone Jarocki 1822 [synonym], Rapara Gray 1825 [synonym], Saurochelys Latreille 1825 [synonym]
G. †Chelydrops Peters 1868
Subfm. †Chelydropsinae Mlynarski 1980
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G. †Chelydrasia Ckhikvadze 1999
G. †Chelydropsis Peters 1868
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†Chelydropsis apellanizi Murelaga et al. 1999
†Chelydropsis aubasi Joyce et al. 2022
†Chelydropsis decheni Meyer 1852
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Invalid names: Chelydropsis sanctihenrici Broin 1977 [synonym]
†Chelydropsis heweneggensis Pappa et al. 2024
†Chelydropsis kusnetzovi Chkhikvadze 1985
†Chelydropsis manuascensis Bergounioux 1936
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Invalid names: Chelydra allingensis Fuchs 1939 [synonym], Chelydropsis carinata Peters 1868 [synonym], Chelydropsis staeschei Mlynarski 1980 [synonym], Trionyx sansaniensis Bergounioux 1935 [synonym]
†Chelydropsis pontica Pidoplichko and Tarashchuk 1960
†Chelydropsis sansaniensis Bergounioux 1935
Invalid names: Chelydropsis murchisoni staeschei Mlynarski 1980 [synonym], Macrocephalochelys Pidoplichko and Tarashchuk 1960 [synonym]
G. Macrochelys Gray 1856 [alligator snapping turtle]
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†Macrochelys auffenbergi Dobie 1968 [Auffenberg's snapping turtle]
†Macrochelys schmidti Zangerl 1945
†Macrochelys stricta Matthew 1924
Macrochelys suwanniensis Thomas et al. 2014 [Suwannee alligator snapping turtle]
Macrochelys temminckii Troost 1835 [Alligator snapping turtle]
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Invalid names: Gypochelys lacertina Agassiz 1857 [synonym], Macrochelys apalachicolae Thomas et al. 2014 [synonym]
Invalid names: Gypochelys Agassiz 1857 [synonym]
G. †Planiplastron Ckhikvadze 1971
G. †Tavachelydra Lyson et al. 2025
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†Tavachelydra stevensoni Lyson et al. 2025
Invalid names: Broilia Bergounioux and Crouzel 1965 [nomen dubium], Broilia robusta Bergounioux and Crouzel 1965 [nomen dubium], Chelydra argillarum Laube 1900 [nomen dubium], Chelydra strausi Schmidt 1966 [nomen dubium], Chelydrinae Lydekker 1889 [empty], Chelydropsis minax Ckhikvadze 1971 [nomen dubium], Emys sansaniensis Lartet 1851 [nomen dubium], Emysaurus meilheuratiae Pomel 1846 [nomen dubium], Hydraspis oeningensis Fitzinger 1835 [nomen nudum], Leptochelys Bergounioux and Crouzel 1965 [nomen dubium], Leptochelys braneti Bergounioux and Crouzel 1965 [nomen dubium], Protochelydrinae Gaffney 1975 [empty], Testudo grandis Macarovici and Vancea 1959 [nomen dubium]
Unr. †Panchelydridae Joyce et al. 2004
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G. †Denverus Hutchison and Holroyd 2003
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†Denverus middletoni Hutchison and Holroyd 2003
G. †Protochelydra Erickson 1973
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†Protochelydra zangerli Erickson 1973
Invalid names: Hoplochelys caelata Hay 1909 [nomen dubium]
Unr. †Pankinosternoidea Joyce et al. 2004
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G. †Emarginachelys Whetstone 1978
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†Emarginachelys cretacea Whetstone 1978
G. †Lutemys Lyson et al. 2017
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†Lutemys warreni Lyson et al. 2017
G. †Planetochelys Weems 1988
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†Planetochelys dithyros Hutchison 2013
†Planetochelys savoiei Weems 1988
G. †Tullochelys Hutchison 2013
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†Tullochelys montana Hutchison 2013
Invalid names: Planetochelyidae Hutchison 2013 [empty]
G. †Enaliochelys Seeley 1869
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†Enaliochelys chelonia Seeley 1869
G. †Hoyasemys Pérez-García et al. 2012
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†Hoyasemys jimenezi Pérez-García et al. 2012
Superfm. †Macrobaenoidea Sukhanov 1964
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Fm. †Macrobaenidae Sukhanov 1964
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G. †Anatolemys Khozatsky and Nessov 1979
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†Anatolemys maximus Khozatskii and Nessov 1979
†Anatolemys oxensis Khozatskii and Nessov 1977
G. †Appalachemys Gentry et al. 2023
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†Appalachemys ebersolei Gentry et al. 2023
G. †Asiachelys Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2006
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Invalid names: Asiachelys perforata Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2000 [nomen nudum]
G. †Aurorachelys Vandermark et al. 2009
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†Aurorachelys gaffneyi Vandermark et al. 2009
G. †Changmachelys Brinkman et al. 2013
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†Changmachelys bohlini Brinkman et al. 2013
G. †Gallica Pérez-García 2020
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†Gallica lapparentiana Pérez-García 2020
G. †Hangaiemys Sukhanov and Narmandakh 1974
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†Hangaiemys acutus Bohlin 1953
†Hangaiemys kansuensis Bohlin 1953
†Hangaiemys latilimbata Bohlin 1953
Invalid names: Hangaiemys leptis Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2000 [nomen nudum]
G. †Judithemys Parham and Hutchison 2003
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†Judithemys sukhanovi Parham and Hutchison 2003
G. †Kirgizemys Nessov and Khozatskiy 1973
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†Kirgizemys dmitrievi Nessov and Khozatskii 1981
†Kirgizemys exaratus Nessov and Khozatskiy 1973
†Kirgizemys hoburensis Sukhanov and Narmandakh 1974
†Kirgizemys leptis Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2006
G. †Macrobaena Tatarinov 1959
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†Macrobaena mongolica Tatarinov 1959
G. †Osteopygis Cope 1868
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†Osteopygis backmani Russell 1934
†Osteopygis emarginata Cope 1868
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Invalid names: Amblypeza entellus Hay 1908 [synonym], Catapleura chelydrina Cope 1875 [synonym], Osteopygis borealis Wieland 1904 [synonym], Osteopygis chelydrinus Cope 1868 [synonym], Osteopygis erosus Cope 1875 [synonym], Osteopygis gibbi Wieland 1904 [synonym], Osteopygis platylomus Cope 1870 [synonym], Osteopygis robustus Hay 1908 [synonym]
†Osteopygis kranzi Weems 2014
†Osteopygis russelli Brinkman 2015
G. †Oxemys Nessov 1977
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†Oxemys gutta Nessov 1977
G. †Undjulemys Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2006
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†Undjulemys platensis Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2006
Invalid names: Undjulemys platensis Sukhanov 1997 [nomen nudum]
G. †Yakemys Tong et al. 2021
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†Yakemys multiporcata Tong et al. 2021
Invalid names: Asiachelys Sukhanov 2000 [nomen nudum], Batoremys Narmandakh 2000 [nomen nudum]
Fm. †Sandownidae Tong and Meylan 2013
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G. †Angolachelys Mateus et al. 2009
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†Angolachelys mbaxi Mateus et al. 2009
G. †Brachyopsemys Tong and Meylan 2013
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†Brachyopsemys tingitana Tong and Meylan 2013
G. †Leyvachelys Cadena 2015
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†Leyvachelys cipadi Cadena 2015
G. †Sandownia Meylan et al. 2000
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†Sandownia harrisi Meylan et al. 2000
Fm. †Sinemydidae Yeh 1963
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G. †Dracochelys Gaffney and Ye 1992
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†Dracochelys bicuspis Gaffney and Ye 1992
G. †Hongkongochelys Ye 1999
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G. †Jeholochelys Shao et al. 2018
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†Jeholochelys lingyuanensis Shao et al. 2018
G. †Liaochelys Zhou 2010
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G. †Manchurochelys Endo and Shikama 1942
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†Manchurochelys manchoukuoensis Endo and Shikama 1942
G. †Ordosemys Brinkman and Peng 1993
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†Ordosemys brinkmania Danilov and Parham 2007
†Ordosemys donhai Ma 1986
†Ordosemys leios Brinkman and Peng 1993
†Ordosemys perforata Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2006
G. †Sinemys Wiman 1930
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†Sinemys brevispinus Tong and Brinkman 2012
†Sinemys chabuensis Ji and Chen 2018
†Sinemys gamera Brinkman and Peng 1993
†Sinemys lens Wiman 1930
G. †Wuguia Matzke et al. 2004
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†Wuguia efremovi Khozatsky 1996
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Invalid names: Dracochelys wimani Maisch et al. 2003 [synonym]
†Wuguia hutubeiensis Matzke et al. 2004
G. †Xiaochelys Zhou and Rabi 2015
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†Xiaochelys ningchengensis Zhou and Rabi 2015
G. †Yumenemys Bohlin 1953
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†Yumenemys inflatus Bohlin 1953
Invalid names: Kirgizemyinae Nessov and Khozatskiy 1973 [empty]
G. †Tienfucheloides Nessov 1978
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†Tienfucheloides undatus Nessov 1978
Fm. †Xinjiangchelyidae Nessov 1990
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G. †Annemys Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2006
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†Annemys latiens Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2006
†Annemys latiens Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2006
†Annemys levensis Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2006
†Annemys wusu Rabi et al. 2013
Invalid names: Annemys Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2000 [replaced], Annemys levensis Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2000 [nomen nudum]
G. †Brodiechelys Nopcsa 1928
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†Brodiechelys brodiei Lydekker 1889
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Invalid names: Plesiochelys valdensis Lydekker 1889 [synonym], Plesiochelys vectensis Hooley 1990 [synonym]
†Brodiechelys royoi Pérez-García et al. 2014
G. †Camerochelys Pérez-García and Murelaga 2013
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†Camerochelys vilanovai Pérez-García and Murelaga 2013
G. †Kalasinemys Tong et al. 2019
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†Kalasinemys prasarttongosothi Tong et al. 2019
G. †Phunoichelys Tong et al. 2014
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†Phunoichelys thirakhupti Tong et al. 2014
G. †Protoxinjiangchelys Tong et al. 2012
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†Protoxinjiangchelys salis Tong et al. 2012
G. †Shartegemys Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2006
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†Shartegemys laticentralis Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2006
Invalid names: Shartegemys laticentralis Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2000 [nomen nudum]
G. †Tienfuchelys Young and Chow 1953
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†Tienfuchelys chungkingensis Young and Chow 1953
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Invalid names: Xinjiangchelys chungkingensis Young and Chow 1953 [synonym]
†Tienfuchelys tzuyangensis Young and Chow 1953
†Tienfuchelys zigongensis Peng et al. 2005
G. †Xinjiangchelys Yeh 1986
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†Xinjiangchelys chowi Matzke et al. 2005
†Xinjiangchelys jingyanensis Yeh and Fang 1982
†Xinjiangchelys jingyanensis Yeh and Fang 1982
†Xinjiangchelys qiguensis Matzke et al. 2004
†Xinjiangchelys radiplicatoides Brinkman et al. 2013
†Xinjiangchelys radiplicatus Young and Chow 1953
Invalid names: Sinemys wuerhoensis Yeh 1973 [nomen dubium], Toxocheloides naryensis Nessov and Kaznyshkin 1985 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Shartegemys Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2000 [nomen nudum], Toxocheloides narynensis Nessov and Kaznyshkin 1985 [nomen dubium], Undjulemys Sukhanov and Narmandakh 2000 [nomen nudum], Yaxartemys longicauda Riabinin 1948 [nomen dubium]
Superfm. †Xinjiangchelyoidea Nessov 1990
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Fm. †Bashuchelyidae Tong et al. 2012
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G. †Bashuchelys Tong et al. 2012
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†Bashuchelys youngi Tong et al. 2012
G. †Chuannanchelys Tong et al. 2012
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Invalid names: Adocoidea Cope 1870 [empty], Angolachelonia Mateus et al. 2009 [empty], Centrocryptodira Gaffney and Meylan 1988 [empty], Peltochelyidae Seeley 1880 [empty], Plesiochelyoidea Baur 1888 [empty], Polycryptodira Gaffney and Meylan 1988 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: freshwatersubo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: aquaticsubo
Diet: omnivoresubo
Reproduction: oviparoussubo
Created: 2005-08-26 14:49:00
Modified: 2005-08-26 16:49:00
Source: subo = suborder, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Uetz 2005, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Toarcian to the top of the Holocene or 184.20000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 170.9 Ma

Collections (457 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Toarcian - Aalenian184.2 - 170.9China (Chongqing) Xinjiangchelyidae indet., Protoxinjiangchelys sp. (212359)
Bajocian170.9 - 168.2China (Yunnan) Testudines indet. (70438)
Bajocian - Oxfordian170.9 - 154.8China (Sichuan) Chengyuchelys dashanpuensis, Protoxinjiangchelys sp., Chengyuchelys sp., Chengyuchelyidae indet., Chengyuchelys baenoides, Chelonia indet., Chengyuchelys zigongensis (24883)
Bathonian168.2 - 165.3Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk) Xinjiangchelys sp., Annemys sp. (61891)
Bathonian - Callovian168.2 - 161.5China (Sichuan) Hongkongochelys yehi (139603) Plesiochelys radiplicatus (58974) Tienfuchelys tzuyangensis (131873) Xinjiangchelys radiplicatus (137598)
Callovian165.3 - 161.5Kyrgyzstan (Jalal-Abad) Annemys sp. (235900) Xinjiangchelyidae indet., Plesiochelys radiplicatus (46545) Xinjiangchelys tianshanensis, Toxocheloides narynensis (37596)
Callovian165.3 - 161.5China (Xinjiang) Xinjiangchelys chowi (143409)
Callovian - Oxfordian165.3 - 154.8China (Xinjiang) Xinjiangchelyidae indet. (38135)
Callovian - Oxfordian165.3 - 154.8China (Hebei) Annemys sp. (168798)
Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Kazakhstan Yaxartemys longicauda (92136)
Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8China (Xinjiang) Xinjiangchelys chowi, Xinjiangchelys radiplicatoides, Testudines indet., Testudines indet. (46974) Xinjiangchelys junggarensis, Xinjiangchelys radiplicatoides (137597) Xinjiangchelys radiplicatoides, Annemys sp. (141366)
Late/Upper Jurassic161.5 - 143.1Mongolia (Govi-Altay) Testudinata indet. (127736) Xinjiangchelyidae indet. (179192)
Late/Upper Jurassic161.5 - 143.1China (Sichuan) Plesiochelys chungkingensis (131872) Plesiochelys jingyanensis (178717)
Late/Upper Jurassic161.5 - 143.1Mongolia (Töv) Undjulemys platensis (137599)
Late/Upper Oxfordian - Kimmeridgian157.9 - 149.2China (Xinjiang) Annemys sp. (135364) Xinjiangchelyidae indet. (138119) Xinjiangchelys qiguensis, Xinjiangchelys radiplicatoides (47056)
Late/Upper Oxfordian - Kimmeridgian157.9 - 149.2China (Xingjiang) Xinjiangchelys wusu (154095)
Early/Lower Kimmeridgian154.8 - 152.21United Kingdom (England) Enaliochelys chelonia (167751)
Kimmeridgian154.8 - 149.2Germany (Lower Saxony) Eucryptodira indet. (153667)
Tithonian149.2 - 143.1Mongolia (Govi-Altay) Annemys sp., Annemys latiens, Annemys levensis (127735)
Tithonian - Berriasian149.2 - 137.05Thailand (Changwat) Yakemys multiporcata (223808)