PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Protitanotherium

Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Brontotheriidae

Taxonomy

Protitanotherium was named by Osborn (1908) [name suggested by Hatcher 1895; raised to genus level].

It was synonymized subjectively with Diplacodon by Lucas (1983).

It was assigned to Manteoceratinae by Osborn (1908); to Telmatheriinae by Prothero and Schoch (1989); to Brontotheridae by Osborn (1929), Carroll (1988) and Mader (1989); to Brontotheriinae by Mader (2008); and to Brontotheriina by Mihlbachler (2008).

Species

P. emarginatum (syn. Sthenodectes australis, P. superbum), P. koreanicum

Synonyms

Protitanotherium koreanicum was named by Takai (1939). Its type specimen is UMUT CV6034, a maxilla, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Hosan Coal Field Fauna, which is in an Eocene/Oligocene terrestrial coal in North Korea.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Mihlbachler (2008).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1908	Protitanotherium Osborn p. 403
1929	Protitanotherium Osborn
1939	Protitanotherium koreanicum Takai
1988	Protitanotherium Carroll
1989	Protitanotherium Mader
1989	Protitanotherium Prothero and Schoch p. 537
2008	Protitanotherium Mader
2008	Protitanotherium Mihlbachler p. 413

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha

Rank	Name	Author
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Theriamorpha	(Rowe 1993)
—	Theriiformes	()
—	Trechnotheria
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Euungulata
—	Panperissodactyla
superorder	Perissodactylamorpha
order	Perissodactyla	()
family	Brontotheriidae	()
subfamily	Brontotheriinae	Marsh 1873
genus	Protitanotherium

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Protitanotherium Osborn 1908

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†Protitanotherium emarginatum Hatcher 1895

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Invalid names: Protitanotherium superbum Osborn 1908 [synonym], Sthenodectes australis Wilson 1977 [synonym]

Invalid names: Protitanotherium koreanicum Takai 1939 [nomen dubium]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialsubc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

ground dwellingf

Diet:

browserf

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-08-31 14:53:16

Modified:

2005-08-31 16:53:16

Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Hendy et al. 2009, Mader 1998, Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002

Age range: base of the Uintan to the top of the Late/Upper Eocene or 46.20000 to 33.90000 Ma

Collections (7 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Texas)	P. emarginatum (16651)
Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Utah)	P. sp. (16589 16594)
Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (New Mexico)	P. superbum (16600)
Uintan	46.2 - 39.7	USA (Texas)	P. emarginatum (16652)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.2 - 33.9	North Korea (Hwanghae-do)	P. koreanicum (48621)
Late/Upper Eocene - Oligocene	37.2 - 23.03	North Korea (Kokai-do)	P. koreanicum (13997)