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Paraceratheriinae
Taxonomy
Paraceratheriinae was named by Osborn (1923).
It was assigned to Paraceratheriidae by Qiu and Wang (2007) and Wang et al. (2016).
It was assigned to Paraceratheriidae by Qiu and Wang (2007) and Wang et al. (2016).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1923 | Indricotheriidae Borissiak |
1923 | Paraceratheriinae Osborn |
1989 | Indricotheriinae Prothero and Schoch p. 534 |
1996 | Indricotheriidae Dashzeveg p. 8 |
1998 | Indricotheriinae Prothero p. 590 |
1999 | Indricotheriidae Holbrook p. 346 |
2007 | Paraceratheriinae Qiu and Wang |
2016 | Paraceratheriinae Wang et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subfm. †Paraceratheriinae Osborn 1923
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G. †Aralotherium Borissiak 1939
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†Aralotherium prohorovi Borissiak 1939
†Aralotherium sui Ye et al. 2003
G. †Dzungariotherium Chiu 1973
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†Dzungariotherium orgosensis Chiu 1973
†Dzungariotherium tienshanense Chiu 1962
†Dzungariotherium turfanensis Xu and Wang 1978
G. †Juxia Chow and Chiu 1964
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†Juxia micracis Wang 1976
†Juxia sharamurenensis Chow and Chiu 1964
†Juxia shoui Qi and Zhou 1989
Invalid names: Imequincisoria Wang 1976 [synonym]
G. †Paraceratherium Forster Cooper 1911
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†Paraceratherium asiaticum Borissiak 1923
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Invalid names: Indricotherium transouralicum Pavlova 1922 [synonym]
†Paraceratherium bugtiense Forster Cooper 1911
†Paraceratherium grangeri Osborn 1923
†Paraceratherium huangheense Li et al. 2017
†Paraceratherium lepidum Xu and Wang 1978
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Invalid names: Paraceratherium zhajremensis Bayshashov 1988 [synonym]
†Paraceratherium linxiaense Deng et al. 2021
Invalid names: Baluchitherium Forster Cooper 1913 [synonym], Indricotherium Borissiak 1916 [synonym]
G. †Pristinotherium Biriukov 1953
G. †Turpanotherium Qiu and Wang 2007
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†Turpanotherium elegans Qiu and Wang 2007
†Turpanotherium yagouense Qiu et al. 2004
G. †Urtinotherium Chow and Chiu 1963
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†Urtinotherium intermedium Chiu 1962
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Invalid names: Dzungariotherium erdenensis Qi 1989 [synonym], Urtinotherium incisivum Chow and Chiu 1963 [synonym]
Invalid names: Indricotheriinae Borissiak 1923 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: subo = suborder, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
References: Colbert and Schoch 1998, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Ji et al. 2002, Lillegraven 1979 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Middle Eocene to the top of the Burdigalian or 47.80000 to 15.97000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 37.71 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 37.71 Ma
Collections (71 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Arshantan | China (Nei Mongol) | Urtinotherium intermedium (72184) | |
Irdinmanhan | China (Nei Mongol) | Urtinotherium intermedium (72183) | |
Middle Eocene | China (Shanxi) | Juxia sharamurenense (175227) | |
Middle Eocene | China (Yunnan) | Indricotherium parvum (36668) | |
Middle Eocene | China (Henan) | Imequincisoria sp., Imequincisoria micracis (180777) | |
Middle Eocene | China (Nei Mongol) | Indricotheriidae indet. (28790) Indricotheriidae indet., Urtinotherium incisivum (28789) Juxia sharamurenense (28786) | |
Houldjinian | China (Nei Mongol) | Baluchitherium sp. (72147) | |
Late/Upper Eocene | Mongolia (Dornogov) | Indricotheriinae indet., Indricotherium parvum (174716) | |
Late/Upper Eocene | China (Yunnan) | Indricotheriinae indet., Indricotherium intermedium (182894) Indricotherium qujingensis (182882) Indricotherium sp. (182580 182892) | |
Late/Upper Eocene | China (Nei Mongol) | Aralotherium sp. (182574) Dzungariotherium erdenensis, Juxia shoui (176018) Indricotheriidae indet. (28780) Paraceratherium grangeri (180942) Urtinotherium parvus (174752) Urtinotherium parvus, Juxia shoui (174914) | |
Late/Upper Eocene | India (Jammu and Kashmir) | Juxia sharamurenense (180527) | |
Late/Upper Eocene | China (Xinjiang) | Indricotheriinae indet. (174976 174977) | |
Ulangochuian | China (Nei Mongol) | Urtinotherium intermedium (73810) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | China (Ningxia) | Paraceratheriinae indet. (182887) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | Pakistan | Baluchitherium bugtiense, Baluchitherium osborni (77785) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | China (Gansu) | Paraceratherium sp. (182883 182884 182899) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | Mongolia | Baluchitherium grangeri (53979) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | China (Nei Mongol) | Paraceratheriinae indet. (175814) Paraceratherium lepidum, Dzungariotherium turfanensis (175255) Paraceratherium sp., Turpanotherium sp. (175386) Paraceratherium transouralicum, Paraceratherium grangeri (176066) | |
Rupelian | Kazakhstan | Paraceratherium sp. (64415) | |
MP 25 | Spain (Cuenca) | Paraceratherium albigense (184097) | |
Oligocene | Pakistan | Thaumastotherium osborni, Paraceratherium bugtiense (128387) | |
Oligocene | Bulgaria | Indricotherium transouralicum (193755) | |
Late/Upper Oligocene | Georgia | Benaratherium callistrati (182744) | |
Late/Upper Oligocene | Pakistan (Baluchistan) | Indricotheriinae indet. (180575) Paraceratherium bugtiense (78362) | |
Late/Upper Oligocene | Kazakhstan (Kustanay) | Indricotherium transouralicum, Indricotherium asiaticum (73999) | |
Late/Upper Oligocene | Kazakhstan (Aktyubinskaya) | Indricotherium sp. (74001) | |
Late/Upper Oligocene | China (Gansu) | Dzungariotherium orgosensis (182885) Indricotherium sp. (175388) Paraceratherium linxiaense (227298) Paraceratherium yagouense, Dzungariotherium orgosense (71433) | |
Late/Upper Oligocene | Turkey (Anatolia) | Paraceratherium sp. (182500 183978) | |
Late/Upper Oligocene | Kazakhstan | Aralotherium prohorvi (74900) Indricotherium sp. (74003 74899) Paraceratherium sp. (182747) Paraceratherium sp., Paraceratherium prohorovi (64413) Paraceratherium zhajremensis (182628) | |
Late/Upper Oligocene | China (Xinjiang) | Dzungariotherium orgosensis (182568) Indricotherium grangeri (182891) Paraceratherium lepidum, Dzungariotherium turfanensis, Turpanotherium elegans (182889) Paraceratherium lepidum, Turpanotherium elegans (182890) Paraceratherium lipidus, Dzungariotherium turfanensis, Turpanotherium elegans (182888) Paraceratherium sui (77943) | |
Late/Upper Oligocene | China (Nei Mongol) | Baluchitherium sp. (73807) | |
Late/Upper Oligocene | Mongolia | Benaratherium sp., Paraceratherium sp. 1 (181061) | |
Late/Upper Oligocene - Burdigalian | China (Gansu) | Dzungariotherium orgosense (42066) | |
Late/Upper Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene | Pakistan (Balochistan) | Paraceratherium bugtiense (227410) | |
Aquitanian | China (Xinjiang) | Dzungariotherium sp. (42063) | |
Early/Lower Miocene | Pakistan (Baluchistan) | Indricotheriinae indet. (180594) | |
Early/Lower Miocene | China (Ningxia) | Turpanotherium sp. (182886) | |
Early/Lower Miocene | China (Gansu) | Turpanotherium elegans (175341 175342) | |
Burdigalian | China (Gansu) | Indricotheriidae indet. (42065) |