Echinoidea - Holasteroida - Holasteridae
Full reference: F. J. Pictet. 1857. Traité élémentaire de paléontologie, ou, Historie naturelle des animaux fossiles considérés dans leurs rapports zoologiques et géologiques, 2nd ed, JB Baillière et Fils, Paris 4:1-768
Parent taxon: Meridosternata according to A. Kroh and A. B. Smith 2010
See also Smith 1991, Smith 1995 and Wagner and Durham 1966
Sister taxa: Cardiasterina, Echinocorythidae, Urechinina
Subtaxa: Aurelianaster Basseaster Cardiaster Cardiotaxis Cibaster Duncaniaster Echinocorys Entomaster Galeaster Ganbirretia Garumnaster Giraliaster Guettaria Hagenowia Hemipneustes Holaster Infulaster Ismidaster Jeronia Labrotaxis Lampadaster Lampadocorys Messaoudia Offaster Opisopneustes Paronaster Pseudananchys Pseudoffaster Pseudoholaster Rispolia Scagliaster Stegaster Taphraster Tholaster Titanaster Toxopatagus Zumoffenia
Type: Holaster
Ecology: semi-infaunal detritivore
Distribution:
• Waitakian of New Zealand (1 collection)
• Oligocene of Australia (1)
• Eocene to Oligocene of New Zealand (1)
• Eocene of New Zealand (4)
• Paleocene of Australia (2), Austria (3), Denmark (1), France (1), Kazakhstan (1), Spain (4), Turkmenistan (3), United States (5: New Jersey)
• Cretaceous to Paleogene of the Netherlands (4)
• Cretaceous of Angola (2), Antarctica (3), Austria (2), Belgium (14), Brazil (4), Bulgaria (1), Cuba (3), Denmark (1), the Dominican Republic (1), Egypt (5), France (169), Germany (38), India (1), Iran (1), Kazakhstan (2), Madagascar (2), Mexico (3), Mozambique (3), the Netherlands (8), Oman (9), Poland (1), Portugal (2), the Russian Federation (3), Serbia and Montenegro (1), Spain (48), Switzerland (11), Tunisia (3), Turkmenistan (14), the United Kingdom (37), United States (43: Arkansas, California, Colorado, Maryland, Montana, New Jersey, Texas)
Total: 466 collections including 632 occurrences