Crow Creek: Priabonian, Arkansas

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Gastropoda - Thiaridae
Hemisinus jacksonius Harris and Palmer 1947
Westgate 2001
Bivalvia - Mytilida - Mytilidae
Mytilus hamatoides
Westgate 2001
Bivalvia - Ostreida - Ostreidae
Crassostrea alabamensis
Westgate 2001
Bivalvia - Carditida - Carditidae
Venericardia planicosta Lamarck 1801
Westgate 2001
recombined as Venericor planicosta
Mammalia - Cetacea - Basilosauridae
Zygorhiza kochii (Carus 1847)
Westgate 2001
    = Basilosauridae indet. Cope 1867
Uhen 2013
possibly Zygorhiza
Basilosaurus cetoides (Owen 1839)
Mammalia - Agriochoeridae
Diplobunops matthewi Peterson 1919
Westgate and Emry 1985
    = cf. Agriochoerus matthewi Peterson 1919
Alroy 2002
original and current combination Diplobunops matthewi
Protoreodon cf. pumilus (Marsh 1875)
Westgate and Ward 1981
Mammalia - Pantolestidae
cf. Pantolestes natans Matthew 1909
Westgate and Emry 1985
Reptilia - Palaeophiidae
Pterosphenus schucherti Lucas 1898
Westgate and Ward 1981
Reptilia - Testudines - Trionychidae
Westgate 1984
    = Trionychidae indet. Gray 1825
Alroy 2006
Reptilia - Crocodylia
Crocodylus sp. Laurenti 1768
Westgate 1984
    = Crocodylia indet. Owen 1842
Alroy 2006
Actinopteri - Lepisosteiformes - Lepisosteidae
Lepisosteus sp. Agassiz 1843
Westgate 1984
Actinopteri - Acanthopteri - Sphyraenidae
Sphyraena sp. Artedi 1793
Westgate 1984
Actinopteri - Siluriformes - Ariidae
cf. Arius sp. Cuvier and Valenciennes 1840
Westgate 1984
Actinopteri - Perciformes
Diaphyodus wilsoni
Westgate 1989
Actinopteri - Scombriformes - Trichiuridae
Trichiurus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Westgate 1984
Chondrichthyes - Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae
Myliobatis sp. Cuvier 1816
Westgate 1984
Chondrichthyes - Myliobatiformes - Dasyatidae
Dasyatis sp. Rafinesque 1810
Westgate 2001
Chondrichthyes - Rhinopristiformes - Pristidae
Pristis sp. Linck 1790
Westgate 1984
Propristis schweinfurthi Priem 1897
Westgate 2001
Chondrichthyes - Lamniformes - Carchariidae
Odontaspis hopei (Agassiz 1843)
Westgate 1984
    = Carcharias hopei Agassiz 1843
Westgate 2001
Chondrichthyes - Orectolobiformes - Ginglymostomatidae
Ginglymostoma serra (Leidy 1877)
Westgate 2001
recombined as Nebrius serra
Chondrichthyes - Carcharhiniformes - Hemigaleidae
Hemipristis wyattdurhami White 1956
Westgate 1984
    = Hemipristis curvatus Dames 1883
Westgate 2001
Chondrichthyes - Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae
Negaprion gibbesi (Woodward 1889)
Westgate 1984
recombined as Carcharhinus gibbesii
Chondrichthyes - Carcharhiniformes - Galeocerdidae
Galeocerdo alabamensis Leriche 1942
Westgate 1984
    = Galeocerdo latidens Agassiz 1835
Westgate 2001
Chondrichthyes - Carcharhiniformes - Scyliorhinidae
Scyliorhinus enniskilleni White 1956
Westgate 1984
    = Abdounia enniskilleni White 1956
Westgate 2001
Chondrichthyes - Carcharhiniformes - Triakidae
Galeorhinus sp. de Blainville and Prévost 1816
Westgate 2001
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Arkansas County:Saint Francis
Coordinates: 35.0° North, 90.7° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:35.6° North, 82.6° West
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Altitude:61 meters
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period:Paleogene Epoch:Eocene
Stage:Priabonian 10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 3
*Period:Early/Lower Tertiary *Epoch:Late/Upper Eocene
*Local age/stage:Late/Upper Uintan - Chadronian
Key time interval:Priabonian
Age range of interval:37.71000 - 33.90000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Geological group:Jackson
Stratigraphic resolution:group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: "broad correlation between the Crow Creek fauna and Uintan to Chadronian faunas in the continental interior", apparently from a bed < 1 m thick

AEO estimate of 44.5 - 44.4 Ma (Lutetian) significantly conflicts with marine mammal biochronology
Priabonian age after Weems et al 2004 (ref. 18945).
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:shelly/skeletal,gray argillaceous,silty marl
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: "silty to sandy marl that appears dark gray in fresh exposures and reddish-brown when weathered. Invertebrate remains often occur in excess of 50% of the sediment volume. Small percentages of clay are present."
Environment:estuary/bay
Geology comments: "intertidal conditions... coastal stream influences... hyposaline... estuarine"
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:bulk,sieve,field collection
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Metadata
Database number:16549
Authorizer:J. Alroy, M. Uhen Enterer:J. Alroy, M. Uhen
Modifier:M. Uhen Research group:marine invertebrate,vertebrate
Created:1993-02-18 00:00:00 Last modified:2019-12-02 13:08:48
Access level:the public Released:1993-02-18 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
8803. K.V.W. Palmer. 1939. Basilosaurus in Arkansas. Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists 23(8):1128-1129 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]

Secondary references:

39162 C. D. Doney. 1994. Stratigraphy of the Jackson Group sediments (upper Eocene) of the southern Crowley's Ridge, St. Francis County, Arkansas. The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon 71(1):14-23 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
42488 M. D. Uhen. 2013. A review of North American Basilosauridae. Alabama Museum of Natural History Bulletin 31(2):1-45 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
18945 R. E. Weems, J. M. Self-Trail, and L. E. Edwards. 2004. Supergroup stratigraphy of the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains (Middle? Jurassic through Holocene, Eastern North America). Southeastern Geology 42(4):191-216 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
701 J. W. Westgate. 1984. Lower vertebrates from the Late Eocene Crow Creek local fauna, St. Francis County, Arkansas. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 4(4):536-546 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
702 J. W. Westgate. 1989. Lower vertebrates from an estuarine facies of the Middle Eocene Laredo Formation (Claiborne Group), Webb County, Texas. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 9(3):282-294 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
12028 J. W. Westgate. 2001. Paleoecology and biostratigraphy of marginal marine gulf coast Eocene vertebrate localities. Eocene Biodiversity: Unusual Occurrences and Rarely Sampled Habitats 263-297 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
3619 J. W. Westgate and R. J. Emry. 1985. Land Mammals of the Crow Creek Local Fauna, Late Eocene, Jackson Group, St. Francis County, Arkansas. Journal of Paleontology 59(1):242-248 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]
40122 J. W. Westgate and J. F. Ward. 1981. The Giant Aquatic Snake Pterosphenus schucherti (Palaeophidae) in Arkansas and Mississippi. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 1(2):161-164 [J. Mueller/T. Piernicke/M. Uhen]