Phu Din Daeng: Late/Upper Barremian, Thailand
collected by Palaeontological Research and Education Centre (PRC), Mahasarakham University 2012

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Sinamiidae
cf. Siamamia sp. Cavin et al. 2007
PRC92, dermopterotic; PRC93, basioccipital; PRC90,fragment of a left maxilla; PRC91, posterior extremity of a maxilla;PRC89, right premaxilla; PRC87, left dentary; PRC88, fragment of aright dentary with a coronoid; PRC85, anterior vertebral centrum; PRC86, posterior vertebral centrum.
Reptilia - Theropoda
Theropoda indet. Marsh 1881
Apart from a large caudal vertebra lacking the neural spine,which may belong to a theropod, this group of dinosaurs is mainlyrepresented by isolated teeth
Reptilia - Spinosauridae
Spinosauridae indet. Stromer 1915
Spinosaurid teeth are relatively common at Phu Din Daeng,but mostly poorly preserved
Reptilia - Pterosauria
Pterosauria indet. Kaup 1834
A few long, slender and more or less tubular teeth (PRC146,Fig. 10C) apparently belong to pterosaurs, although their enamelis too poorly preserved to clearly show the distinguishing featuresof pterosaur teeth.
Reptilia
Neosuchia indet. Clark 1988
Crocodilians are poorly represented at Phu Din Daeng and con-sist of a single mandibular element as well as isolated tooth crowns,the latter being the most abundant type of material recovered
Reptilia - Testudines - Adocidae
Adocidae indet. Cope 1869
PRC77 (Fig. 7U–V), a costal; PRC82(Fig. 7W–X), a pygal and PRC78 (Fig. 7Y–Z), a peripheral 11.
Protoshachemys sp. Tong et al. 2019
PRC68 and PRC69 (Fig. 7M–N), nuchals;PRC70 (Fig. 7O–P) and PRC71, left peripheral 1, PRC72, rightperipheral 1; PRC73 (Fig. 7Q–R) and PRC74, pygals; PRC75, left epiplastron, PRC76 (Fig. 7S–T), right epiplastron and other shellelements.
Protoshachemys rubra n. gen., n. sp. Tong et al. 2019
Holotype: PRC81 (Fig. 7A–D), a nearly complete but disarticulated shell, including complete nuchal, one neural, suprapygal 1 (incomplete), suprapygal 2, pygal (lacking posterior portion), right costal 1, left costal 2, the distal portion of the left costal 3, right costal 4 (lacking proximal end), left costal 5 and distal end of the right costal 5, left costal 6 (lacking the proximal end), left and right costal 7 (the right one lacking the proximal end), right costal 8, left peripherals 1–2, 4–6 and 8–11, right peripherals 8 and 10–11; nearly complete left epiplastron and right hyoplastron, and incomplete right hypoplastron. All these elements were unearthed within one square metre and in all likelihood belong to the same individual. Referred material: PRC54, nuchal (Fig. 7E–F); PRC55, PRC56, PRC57, suprapygal 2; PRC58, pygal (Fig. 7K–L); PRC59, left costal 6 (Fig. 7I–J); PRC60, right costal 3 (Fig. 7G–H); PRC61, right peripheral 1; PRC62, left and right peripheral 2 of same individual; PRC67, right epiplastron;
Actinopteri - Ginglymodi
Ginglymodi indet. Cope 1871
a large number of unnumbered thick ganoid scales.
Actinopteri - Amiiformes - Amiidae
? Vidalamiinae indet. Grande and Bemis 1998
PRC94, right dentary; PRC95, anterior extremity of aright dentary; PRC96, piece of a semi-articulated specimen withunidentified bones, toothed scales and vertebral centra in con-nection; PRC97, piece of a semi-articulated specimen with scalesand fin rays; PRC98, accumulation of scales in articulation; PRC99,accumulation of bones, scales and fragments of fin rays.
Actinopteri - Pycnodontiformes
Pycnodontiformes indet. Berg 1937
PRC84, fragment of a vomer
Chondrichthyes - Hybodontiformes - Hybodontidae
Heteroptychodus steinmanni Yabe and Obata 1930
Three teeth with the root preserved (PRC34-PRC36)and three fragments of tooth crown
see common names

Geography
Country:Thailand State/province:Changwat County:Amphoe
Coordinates: 16.9° North, 104.5° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:15.7° North, 112.5° East
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period:Cretaceous Epoch:Early/Lower Cretaceous
Stage:Barremian 10 m.y. bin:Cretaceous 2
Key time interval:Late/Upper Barremian
Age range of interval:130.00000 - 125.45000 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Formation:Sao Khua
Stratigraphic resolution:bed
Stratigraphy comments: Non-marine bivalves suggest the Sao Khua Formation is late Barremian in age (Tumpeesawan et al. 2010; Samathi et al. 2019)
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: siltstone
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: The fossiliferous deposits correspond to a thin layer of siltstone of a few centimetres thick, itself interbedded in layers of red mudstones, siltstones and sand-stones. Vertebrate fossils are relatively abundant, including sharks,bony fishes, crocodiles, turtles, pterosaurs and theropod dinosaurs;bivalves have also been collected
Environment:terrestrial indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Degree of concentration:dispersed
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils
Preservation of anatomical detail:good
Articulated whole bodies:none
Disassociated major elements:all
Disassociated minor elements:all
Fragmentation:frequent
Temporal resolution:snapshot
Spatial resolution:parautochthonous
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes:some microfossils
Collection methods:surface (in situ),mechanical,sieve,field collection,survey of museum collection,observed (not collected)
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Collectors:Palaeontological Research and Education Centre (PRC), Mahasarakham University Collection dates:since 2012
Collection method comments: The material was collected on the surface or by systematic excavations to extract apparently partially associated fish or turtle skeletons; and the sediments were screen-sieved.
Material stored at Palaeontological Research and Education Centre (PRC), Mahasarakham University
Metadata
Database number:201767
Authorizer:E. Vlachos Enterer:E. Vlachos
Modifier:G. Varnham
Created:2019-05-28 07:33:14 Last modified:2022-05-05 06:13:18
Access level:the public Released:2019-05-28 07:33:14
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:

69051. H. Tong, E. Buffetaut, V. Suteethorn, S. Suteethorn, G. Cuny, L. Cavin, U. Deesri, J. E. Martin, K. Wongko, W. Naksri, and J. Claude. 2019. Phu Din Daeng, a new Early Cretaceous vertebrate locality on the Khorat Plateau, NE Thailand. Annales de Paléontologie 105(3):223-237 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos/P. Mannion]