Love Bone Bed: Late/Upper Clarendonian, Florida

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Meleagrinae indet.
Chondrichthyes - Rhinopristiformes - Pristidae
Pristis sp. Linck 1790
Pimiento 2014
Chondrichthyes - Carcharhiniformes - Hemigaleidae
Hemipristis serra Agassiz 1835
Pimiento 2014
Chondrichthyes - Carcharhiniformes - Galeocerdidae
Galeocerdo cuvieri (Peron and LeSueur 1822)
original and current combination Galeocerdo cuvier
Chondrichthyes - Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae
Physogaleus contortus (Gibbes 1847)
Pimiento 2014
Carcharhinus sp. de Blainville 1816
Pimiento 2014
Carcharhinus leucas (Valenciennes 1839)
Negaprion brevirostris Poey 1868
Rhizoprionodon sp. Whitley 1929
Pimiento 2014
Chondrichthyes - Lamniformes - Carchariidae
Odontaspis taurus (Rafinesque 1810)
original and current combination Carcharias taurus
Chondrichthyes - Lamniformes - Lamnidae
Carcharodon sp. Smith 1838
Isurus hastalis (Agassiz 1838)
Pimiento 2014
recombined as Carcharodon hastalis
Chondrichthyes - Lamniformes - Otodontidae
Carcharodon megalodon (Agassiz 1835)
Pimiento 2014
recombined as Otodus megalodon
Actinopteri - Amiiformes - Amiidae
Amia cf. calva Linnaeus 1766
Actinopteri - Lepisosteiformes - Lepisosteidae
Atractosteus cf. spatula
Lepisosteus sp. Agassiz 1843
Actinopteri - Perciformes - Sparidae
Lagodon cf. rhomboides (Linnaeus 1766)
Actinopteri - Tetraodontiformes - Diodontidae
Chilomycterus sp. Brisout de Barneville 1846
Actinopteri - Labriformes - Labridae
Labridae indet. (Cuvier 1816)
Actinopteri - Lutjanidae
Lutjanus sp. Bloch 1790
Actinopteri - Acanthuriformes - Sciaenidae
Pogonias cf. cromis Cope 1869
Actinopteri - Centropomidae
Centropomus sp. Lacépède 1802
Actinopteri - Siluriformes - Ictaluridae
Ictalurus cf. catus
Actinopteri - Elopiformes - Megalopidae
Megalops cf. atlantica
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Urodela
Siren sp. Linnaeus 1766
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Ranidae
Ranidae indet. Rafinesque 1814
Reptilia - Crotalidae
Crotalinae indet. Oppel 1811
spelled with current rank as Crotalidae
"Crotalus or Agkistrodon"
cf. Sistrurus sp. Garman 1883
Reptilia - Typhlopidae
? Typhlops sp. Oppel 1811
Reptilia - Colubridae
Xenodontinae indet. Bonaparte 1845
sp. 3 ("similar to Dryinoides Auffenberg")
cf. Heterodon sp. Latreille 1801
sp. 1
cf. Lampropeltis getulus (Linnaeus 1766)
cf. Elaphe sp. Wagler 1833
cf. Natrix sp. Laurenti 1768
    = cf. Nerodia sp. Baird and Girard 1853
Alroy 2007
cf. Thamnophis sp. Fitzinger 1843
Reptilia - Charadriiformes
Charadrii indet. Huxley 1867
Reptilia - Suliformes - Phalacrocoracidae
Phalacrocoracidae indet. Reichenbach 1850
Reptilia - Suliformes - Anhingidae
Anhingidae indet. Ridgway 1887
    = Anhinga grandis Martin and Mengel 1975
Becker 1987
Reptilia - Pelecaniformes - Ardeidae
Egretta sp. Forster 1817
Becker 1985
Ardeidae indet. Leach 1820
    = Ardea sp. Linnaeus 1758
Becker 1985
Ardeola sp. Boie 1822
Becker 1985
Reptilia - Pelecaniformes - Threskiornithidae
Threskiornithinae indet. Richmond 1917
Reptilia - Ciconiiformes - Ciconiidae
Ciconiidae indet. Sundevall 1836
Reptilia - Cathartiformes - Cathartidae
Vulturidae indet. Illiger 1811
spelled with current rank as Vulturinae
Pliogyps charon n. sp. Becker 1986
Becker 1986
Reptilia - Phoenicopteriformes - Phoenicopteridae
Phoenicopteridae indet. Bonaparte 1838
Reptilia - Anseriformes - Anatidae
Anatinae indet. Vigors 1825
Anserinae indet. Vigors 1825
Reptilia - Gruiformes - Rallidae
Rallinae indet. Vigors 1825
Fulicinae indet. Nitzsch 1820
Reptilia - Gruiformes - Aramidae
Aramidae indet. Bonaparte 1854
Reptilia - Gruiformes - Gruidae
Gruidae indet. Vigors 1825
Reptilia - Podicipediformes - Podicipedidae
Podicipedidae indet. Bonaparte 1831
Reptilia - Passeriformes
Passeriformes indet. Linnaeus 1758
Reptilia - Accipitriformes - Pandionidae
Pandionidae indet. Sclater and Salvin 1873
Pandion lovensis n. sp. Becker 1985
Becker 1985
Reptilia - Accipitriformes - Accipitridae
Accipitridae indet. Viellot 1816
Reptilia
Gavialosuchus cf. americanus (Sellards 1915)
synonym of Thecachampsa sericodon
UF 289203, 289202, 289201
Alligator mississippiensis (Daudin 1801)
"mississipiensis"
    = Alligator sp. Daudin 1809
Whiting et al. 2016
UF 289209, 289207, 289280
Reptilia - Testudines - Kinosternoidea
cf. Kinosternon sp. von Spix 1824
Bourque 2013
"cf. Kinosternon n. sp."
    = Kinosternon notolophus n. sp. Bourque 2015
Bourque 2015
UF 43031 (holotype), a nuchal
Reptilia - Testudines - Trionychidae
Trionyx cf. ferox Schneider 1783
    = Apalone cf. ferox Schneider 1783
Alroy 2007
    = Apalone amorense n. sp. Valdes et al. 2017
Valdes et al. 2017
UF 43069, nearly complete car- apace. A right hyoplastron (UF 246380) may represent part of the same individual.
Reptilia - Testudines - Testudinidae
Geochelone sp. Fitzinger 1835
large
Reptilia - Testudines - Emydidae
Deirochelys carri Jackson 1978
Terrapene sp. Merrem 1820
said to be new
Pseudemys williamsi (Rose and Weaver 1966)
Bourque 2013
Chrysemys caelata (Hay 1908)
Jackson 1976
original and current combination Pseudemys caelata
Reptilia - Testudines - Chelydridae
Chelydra sp. Schweigger 1812
Bourque 2013
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Amebelodon cf. barbourensis (Frick 1933)
(1 measurement)
    = Gomphotherium sp. Burmeister 1837
Lambert 1996
Mammalia - Sirenia - Dugongidae
Metaxytherium sp. de Christol 1840
Metaxytherium floridanum Hay 1922
Domning 1988
Mammalia - Chiroptera
Microchiroptera indet. Dobson 1875
Mammalia - Rodentia - Sciuridae
Sciuridae indet. Gray 1821
Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae
Abelmoschomys simpsoni n. sp. Baskin 1986
Baskin 1986
probably includes "Copemys sp." based on phylogenetic discussion
Mammalia - Rodentia - Castoridae
Eucastor cf. planus Stirton 1935
recombined as Nothodipoides planus
Mammalia - Rodentia - Mylagaulidae
Mylagaulus sp. Cope 1878
(2 measurements)
    = Mylagaulus elassos n. sp. Baskin 1980
Baskin 1980
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Hypolagus sp. Dice 1917
    = Archaeolaginae indet.
Alroy 2002
Mammalia - Talpidae
Talpidae indet. (Fischer de Waldheim 1817)
Mammalia - Soricidae
Soricidae indet. Fischer 1814
Mammalia - Carnivora - Ursidae
cf. Plithocyon sp. Ginsburg 1955
Baskin 2005
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mustelidae
Ischyrictis sp. Helbing 1930
    = Hoplictis sp. Ginsburg 1961
Tedford et al. 1987
"Beckia"
Leptarctus sp. Leidy 1856
said to be new
    = Leptarctus webbi n. sp. Baskin 2005
Baskin 2005
Sthenictis cf. lacota (Matthew and Gidley 1904)
? Plionictis sp. Matthew 1924
Mammalia - Carnivora - Procyonidae
Arctonasua floridana n. sp. Baskin 1982
Baskin 1982
this record or the following one might include "Proturocyon cf. macdonaldi" (an unpublished name for a new genus and species present also at Black Hawk Ranch that never has been described) (5 measurements)
Paranasua biradica n. sp. Baskin 1982
Baskin 1982
Mammalia - Carnivora - Nimravidae
Barbourofelis lovei n. sp. Baskin 1981
    = Barbourofelis loveorum Baskin 1981
Baskin 1981
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Nimravides galiani n. sp. Baskin 1981
Baskin 1981
(3 measurements)
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae
cf. Urocyon sp. Baird 1857
Baskin 2005
? Leptocyon sp. Matthew 1918
Aelurodon haydeni (Leidy 1858)
    = Epicyon cf. haydeni Leidy 1858
Alroy 2002
confirmed by Baskin 1998a, Wang et al. 1999
    = Epicyon haydeni Leidy 1858
Baskin 2005
Aelurodon saevus (Leidy 1858)
    = Epicyon cf. saevus Leidy 1858
Alroy 2002
confirmed by Baskin 1998a, Wang et al. 1999
Mammalia - Antilocapridae
Antilocaprinae indet. Gray 1866
Mammalia - Palaeomerycidae
Yumaceras sp. Frick 1937
(12 measurements)
    = Pediomeryx hamiltoni n. sp. Webb 1983
Webb 1983
recombined as Yumaceras hamiltoni
said to be new
Mammalia - Gelocidae
Pseudoceras sp. Frick 1937
    = Pseudoceras skinneri Frick 1937
Webb 2008
Mammalia - Tayassuidae
informal Clarendonian peccary sp.
Wright 1993
said to be a new species not found elsewhere; species "D" and "E" of Wright 1983; see also Wright 1998
    = Webbochoerus macfaddeni n. gen., n. sp. Prothero 2021
Prothero 2021
Mammalia - Cetacea
Cetacea indet. Brisson 1762
Mammalia - Camelidae
Aepycamelus major (Leidy 1886)
Hemiauchenia minima (Leidy 1886)
(1 measurement)
Procamelus cf. grandis Gregory 1939
    = Procamelus grandis Gregory 1939
MacFadden and Hulbert 1990
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Protohippus gidleyi Hulbert 1988
Hulbert 1988
(1 measurement)
Calippus cerasinus (Hulbert 1988)
Hulbert 1988
(6 measurements)
Calippus elachistus (Hulbert 1988)
Hulbert 1988
(1 measurement)
Pseudhipparion skinneri Webb and Hulbert 1986
Hulbert 1988
(1 measurement)
Neohipparion trampasense (Edwards 1982)
Hulbert 1988
(6 measurements)
Nannippus cf. minor (Sellards 1916)
    = Nannippus westoni Simpson 1930
Hulbert 1988
Cormohipparion ingenuum (Leidy 1885)
(1 measurement)
    = Hippotherium ingenuum Leidy 1885
Hulbert 1988
recombined as Cormohipparion ingenuum
Cormohipparion plicatile (Leidy 1887)
(1 measurement)
    = Hippotherium plicatile Leidy 1887
Hulbert 1988
recombined as Cormohipparion plicatile
Hipparion cf. tehonense (Merriam 1916)
Hulbert 1988
recombined as Hipparion gratum tehonense
(1 measurement)
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Tapiridae
Tapirus simpsoni Schultz et al. 1975
(1 measurement)
    = Tapirus webbi Hulbert 2005
Hulbert 2005
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Teleoceras cf. fossiger (Cope 1878)
(1 measurement)
    = Teleoceras proterum Leidy 1885
MacFadden and Hulbert 1990
Aphelops malacorhinus Cope 1878
(1 measurement)
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Florida County:Alachua
Coordinates: 29.6° North, 82.5° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:29.8° North, 80.0° West
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Time
Period:Neogene Epoch:Miocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 5-6
*Period:Tertiary *Local age/stage:Late/Upper Clarendonian
Key time interval:Late/Upper Clarendonian
Age range of interval:12.50000 - 9.40000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Formation:Alachua
Stratigraphic resolution:bed
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: not reported
Environment:marginal marine indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Disassociated minor elements:some
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes:some genera
Collection methods:selective quarrying,field collection
Collection size:15000 specimens
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Museum repositories:FLMNH
Collection method comments: "approximately 15,000 specimens of identifiable, medium- to large-sized mammals": MacFadden and Hulbert 1990
Taxonomic list comments:"Prosthennops cf. serus" apparently not present: Wright 1983
Metadata
Database number:18554
Authorizer:J. Alroy, C. Jaramillo, E. Vlachos, M. Uhen, J. Bloch, J. Marcot, P. Mannion, P. Holroyd, J. Hunter Enterer:J. Alroy, M. Uhen, R. Hulbert, E. Vlachos, P. Mannion, J. Marcot, J. Hunter, P. Holroyd, C. Pimiento
Modifier:J. Alroy Research group:vertebrate
Created:1993-02-18 00:00:00 Last modified:2008-04-14 16:09:22
Access level:the public Released:1993-02-18 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
3581. S. D. Webb, B. J. MacFadden, and J. A. Baskin. 1981. Geology and paleontology of the Love Bone Bed from the Late Miocene of Florida. American Journal of Science 281:513-544 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]

Secondary references:

6294 J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari]
19636 J. Alroy. 2007. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil vertebrates and so forth. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
1025 J. A. Baskin. 1980. Evolutionary reversal in Mylagaulus (Mammalia, Rodentia) from the late Miocene of Florida. American Midland Naturalist 104(1):155-162 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
1027 J. A. Baskin. 1981. Barbourofelis (Nimravidae) and Nimravides (Felidae), with a Description of Two New Species from the Late Miocene of Florida. Journal of Mammalogy 62(1):122-139 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
10285% 29740J. A. Baskin. 1982. Tertiary Procyoninae (Mammalia: Carnivora) of North America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 2(1):71-93 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
1029 J. A. Baskin. 1986. The late Miocene radiation of neotropical sigmodontine rodents in North America. Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming Special Paper 3:287-303 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
25209 J. A. Baskin. 2005. Carnivora from the late Miocene Love Bone Bed of Florida. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 45(4):413-434 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
1051 J. J. Becker. 1985. Fossil herons (Aves: Ardeidae) of the late Miocene and early Pliocene of Florida. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 5(1):24-31 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
50433 J. J. Becker. 1985. Pandion lovensis, a new species of osprey from the late Miocene of Florida. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 98(2):314-320 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert]
50262 J. J. Becker. 1986. A new vulture (Vulturidae: Pliogyps) from the late Miocene of Florida. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 99(3):502-508 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert]
74975% 23700J. J. Becker. 1987. Additional material of Anhinga grandis Martin and Mengel (Aves: Anhingidae) from the late Miocene of Florida. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 100(2):358-361 [J. Hunter/J. Rezza/J. Alroy]
58392 J. R. Bourque. 2013. Fossil Kinosternidae from the Oligocene and Miocene of Florida, USA. In D. B. Brinkman, P. A. Holroyd, and J. Gardner (eds.), Morphology and Evolution of Turtles, Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology 459-475 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd]
64337 J. R. Bourque. 2015. New mud turtles (Kinosternidae,Kinosternon) from the middle–late Miocene of the United States. Journal of Paleontology 89(5):821-844 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]
16572 D. P. Domning. 1988. Fossil Sirenia of the West Atlantic and Caribbean region. I. Metaxytherium floridanum Hay, 1922. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 8(4):395-426 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
50346 R. C. Hulbert. 2005. Late Miocene Tapirus (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Florida, with description of a new species, Tapirus webbi. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 45(4):465-494 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert]
1951 R. C. Hulbert, Jr. 1988. Cormohipparion and Hipparion (Mammalia, Perissodactyla, Equidae) from the Late Neogene of Florida. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences 33(5):229-338 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
27016 D. R. Jackson. 1976. The status of the Pliocene turtles Pseudemys caelata Hay and Chrysemys carri Rose and Weaver. Copeia 1976(4):655-659 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
2203 W. D. Lambert. 1996. The Biogeography of the Gamphotheriid and Amebelodontid Probiscideans of North America. In J. Shoshani and P. Tassy (eds.), The Proboscidea : evolution and palaeoecology of elephants and their relatives 143-148 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
2375 B. J. MacFadden and R. C. Hulbert, Jr. 1990. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
52569 C. Pimiento. 2014. Carcharocles megalodon unpublished collections from Natural History Museums around the world. [C. Jaramillo/C. Pimiento/C. Pimiento]
78020 D. R. Prothero. 2021. Webbochoerus macfaddeni, a new fossil peccary from the Late Miocene of Florida. Fossil Record 7 313-320 [P. Wagner/P. Wagner/J. Marcot]
6198 R. H. Tedford, T. Galusha, M. F. Skinner, B. E. Taylor, R. W. Fields, J. R. Macdonald, J. M. Rensberger, S. D. Webb, and D. P. Whistler. 1987. Faunal succession and biochronology of the Arikareean through Hemphillian interval (late Oligocene through earliest Pliocene epochs) in North America. In M. O. Woodburne (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America: Geochronology and Biostratigraphy 153-210 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Wagner]
63550 N. Valdes, J. R. Bourque, and N. S. Vitek. 2017. A new soft-shelled turtle (Trionychidae, Apalone) from the Late Miocene of North-Central Florida. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 55(6):117-138 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]
3571 S. D. Webb. 1983. A New Species of Pediomeryx from the Late Miocene of Florida, and Its Relationships within the Subfamily Cranioceratinae (Ruminantia: Dromomerycidae). Journal of Mammalogy 64(2) [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]
36064 S. D. Webb. 2008. Revision of the extinct Pseudoceratinae (Artiodactyla: Ruminantia: Gelocidae). Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 48(2):17-58 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
59567 E. T. Whiting, D. W. Steadman, and J. Krigbaum. 2016. Paleoecology of Miocene crocodylians in Florida: Insights from stable isotope analysis. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 451:23-34 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion/M. Uhen]
6242 D. B. Wright. 1993. Evolution of sexually dimorphic characters in peccaries (Mammalia, Tayassuidae). Paleobiology 19(1):52-70 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]