PBDB Collection

Vastan Lignite Mine: Ypresian, India
collected 2004, 2006

List of taxa

Where & when

Geology

Taphonomy & methods

Metadata & references

Taxonomic list

unclassified

	Phryganella sp.	Alimohammadian et al. 2005

	Anthraryctes vastanensis	Rose et al. 2020
Amphibia - Temnospondyli

	Anura indet. (Fischer von Waldheim 1813)	Rose et al. 2006
	"?Hyloidea or ?Ranoidea"
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Pelobatidae

	Eopelobates sp. Parker 1929	Folie et al. 2013	1 specimen
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Discoglossidae

	Discoglossidae indet. Günther 1859	Rose et al. 2006
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Ranidae

	"Ranidae" indet. Rafinesque 1814	Folie et al. 2013	17 specimens
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Rhacophoridae

	Indorana prasadi n. gen., n. sp. Folie et al. 2013	Folie et al. 2013	2 specimens
	Holotype: GU/RSR/VAS 5220
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Bombinatoridae

	Eobarbourula delfinoi n. gen., n. sp. Folie et al. 2013	Folie et al. 2013	201 specimens
	Holotype: GU/RSR/VAS 5001
Reptilia

	Vastanavis eocaena n. gen., n. sp. Mayr et al. 2007	Mayr et al. 2007	5 specimens
	GU/RSR/VAS 441 (holotype). GU/RSR/VAS 442-444, 647
Reptilia - Madtsoiidae

	? Madtsoiidae indet. (Hoffstetter 1961)	Rage et al. 2008	1 specimen
Reptilia - Palaeophiidae

	Palaeophiidae indet. (Lydekker 1888)	Rose et al. 2006

	Pterosphenus sp. Lucas 1898	Rage et al. 2008	1 specimen

	Palaeophis sp. Owen 1841	Rage et al. 2008	22 specimens

	Palaeophis vastaniensis n. sp. Bajpai and Head 2008	Bajpai and Head 2008	3 specimens
Reptilia

	Procerophis sahnii n. gen., n. sp. Rage et al. 2008	Rage et al. 2008	8 specimens
Reptilia - Russellophiidae

	? Russellophiidae indet. (Rage 1978)	Rage et al. 2008	1 specimen
	original and current combination Russellopheidae

	Russellophis crassus n. sp. Rage et al. 2008	Rage et al. 2008	11 specimens
Reptilia - Boidae

	Boidae indet. Gray 1825	Rose et al. 2006
Reptilia - Priscagamidae

	Heterodontagama borsukae n. gen., n. sp. Rana et al. 2013	Rana et al. 2013	4 specimens
	GU/RSR/VAS-2035 (holotype), nearly complete left dentary; VAS-2036, nearly complete left maxilla; VAS-2046, anteriormost part of left dentary; VAS-2050, jaw fragment
Reptilia - Agamidae

	Vastanagama susani n. gen., n. sp. Prasad and Bajpai 2008	Prasad and Bajpai 2008	8 specimens
	corrected as Vastanagama susanae
	IITR/SB/VLM 1050 (holotype), left dentary; IITR/SB/VLM 793, left dentary; IITR/SB/VLM 886, right dentary; from ref 60272: GU/RSR/VAS-2001 and -2002, two nearly complete right dentaries; VAS-2003, anterior part of left dentary; VAS-2007, anteriormost part of left maxilla; VAS-2031, anteriormost part of right maxilla

	Indiagama gujarata n. gen., n. sp. Rana et al. 2013	Rana et al. 2013	1 specimen
	GU/RSR/VAS-2009 (holotype), incomplete left dentary

	Suratagama neeraae n. gen., n. sp. Rana et al. 2013	Rana et al. 2013	3 specimens
	GU/RSR/VAS-2030 (holotype), nearly complete right dentary; VAS-2033, partial left maxilla; VAS-2040, middle to anterior part of right dentary

	Agamidae indet. Gray 1827	Rose et al. 2006	19 specimens
	= Tinosaurus indicus n. sp. Prasad and Bajpai 2008	Prasad and Bajpai 2008
	IITR/SB/VLM 904 (holotype), left dentary; IITR/SB/VLM 1051, maxilla; IITR/SB/VLM 748, right dentary; IITR/SB/VLM 820, right dentary; IITR/SB/VLM 1040, right dentary; from ref. 60272: GU/RSR/VAS-2008, 2015, 2037-2039, 2051-2052, seven dentary fragments; VAS-2016-2018, 2022-2023, 2025-2026, seven maxillary fragments
Mammalia - Apatemyidae

	Frugivastodon cristatus n. gen., n. sp. Bajpai et al. 2005
Mammalia - Coryphodontidae

	cf. Coryphodontidae indet. Marsh 1876	Rose et al. 2020
Mammalia - Cimolestidae

	Suratilestes gingerichi n. gen., n. sp. Bajpai et al. 2005
Mammalia - Esthonychidae

	Indoesthonyx suratensis Smith et al. 2016	Rose et al. 2020

	cf. Indoesthonyx suratensis Smith et al. 2016	Rose et al. 2020

	cf. Esthonyx sp. Cope 1874	Rose et al. 2009
	GU/RSR/VAS 1587, 1651

	Anthraconyx hypsomylus n. gen., n. sp. Rose et al. 2013	Rose et al. 2013	1 specimen
	GU/RSR/VAS 762 - holotype
Mammalia - Chiroptera

	Chiroptera indet. Blumenbach 1779	Rose et al. 2006
	"very small"
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Icaronycteridae

	cf. Icaronycteris sp. Jepsen 1966	Rose et al. 2006
	= Icaronycteris sigei n. sp. Smith et al. 2007	Smith et al. 2007
Mammalia - Chiroptera

	Jaegeria cambayensis n. gen., n. sp. Bajpai et al. 2005	Bajpai et al. 2005
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Palaeochiropterygidae

	Microchiropteryx folieae n. gen., n. sp. Smith et al. 2007	Smith et al. 2007
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Hassianycterididae

	Cambaya complexus n. gen., n. sp. Bajpai et al. 2005

	Hassianycteris kumari n. sp. Smith et al. 2007	Smith et al. 2007
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Archaeonycteridae

	cf. Archaeonycteris sp. Revilliod 1917	Rose et al. 2006
	= Archaeonycteris storchi n. sp. Smith et al. 2007	Smith et al. 2007

	Protonycteris gunnelli n. gen., n. sp. Smith et al. 2007	Smith et al. 2007
Mammalia

	Pahelia mysteriosa Zack et al. 2019	Rose et al. 2020
Mammalia - Creodonta - Hyaenodontidae

	Indohyaenodon raoi n. gen., n. sp. Bajpai et al. 2009	Bajpai et al. 2009	4 specimens
Mammalia - Perissodactyla

	Cambaytherium informal sp. A Bajpai et al. 2005

	Cambaytherium thewissi n. sp. Bajpai et al. 2005

	Indobune vastanensis n. gen., n. sp. Rose et al. 2006	Rose et al. 2006	8 specimens
	synonym of Cambaytherium thewissi
	GU/RSR/VAS 5, left maxilla with dP3-4, P4 (from crypt), M1 (holotype). GU/RSR/VAS 18, right M1; GU/RSR/ VAS 12, right maxilla with heavily worn M2; GU/RSR/VAS 1, partial left M3; tentatively referred: GU/RSR/VAS 10, upper C; GU/RSR/VAS 2, left p1; GU/RSR/VAS 3, left p2; GU/RSR/ VAS 4, talonid of right m1

	Cambaytherium bidens n. sp. Bajpai et al. 2005
	synonym of Cambaytherium thewissi

	Cambaytherium minor n. sp. Bajpai et al. 2005
	synonym of Cambaytherium thewissi

	Kalitherium marinus n. gen., n. sp. Bajpai et al. 2006	Bajpai et al. 2006	6 specimens
	recombined as Cambaytherium marinus

	Cambaylophus vastanensis Kapur and Bajpai 2015	Rose et al. 2020
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Helaletidae

	Vastanolophus holbrooki n. gen., n. sp. Smith et al. 2015	Smith et al. 2015
	GU/RSR/VAS 323 - holotype; referred specimen: GU/RSR/VAS 1681
Mammalia - Diacodexeidae

	Diacodexis parvus n. sp. Kumar et al. 2010	Kumar et al. 2010	3 specimens

	Gujaratia indica n. sp. Bajpai et al. 2005
	recombined as Diacodexis indicus

	Gujaratia pakistanensis (Thewissen et al. 1983)
Mammalia - Procreodi - Arctocyonidae

	? Arctocyonidae indet. Murray 1866	Bajpai et al. 2009	1 specimen
Mammalia - Nyctitheriidae

	Indonyctia cambayensis n. gen., n. sp. Das et al. 2022	Das et al. 2022
Mammalia - Vastanidae

	Vastania sahnia n. gen., n. sp. Bajpai et al. 2005
Mammalia - Lagomorpha

	Lagomorpha indet. Brandt 1885	Rose et al. 2008
	GU/RSR/VAS 711 and 712
Mammalia - Rodentia - Chapattimyidae

	cf. Chapattimyidae indet. Hussain et al. 1978	Rose et al. 2020
Mammalia - Rodentia - Ischyromyidae

	cf. Meldimys sp. Michaux 1968	Rose et al. 2020

	cf. Ailuravinae indet. Michaux 1968	Rose et al. 2006
	= Meldimys musak n. sp. Rana et al. 2008	Rana et al. 2008
Mammalia - Primates

	Primates informal indet. 1 Linnaeus 1758	Bajpai et al. 2005	1 specimen

	Primates indet. Linnaeus 1758	Rana et al. 2005	2 specimens
Mammalia - Primates - Notharctidae

	cf. Marcgodinotius sp. Bajpai et al. 2005	Rose et al. 2009

	Marcgodinotius indicus n. gen., n. sp. Bajpai et al. 2005	Bajpai et al. 2005	2 specimens

	Primates informal indet. 2 Linnaeus 1758	Bajpai et al. 2005	1 specimen
	= Anthrasimias gujaratensis n. gen., n. sp. Bajpai et al. 2008	Bajpai et al. 2008
	synonym of Marcgodinotius indicus
	IITR/SB/VLM 1137 (type), 1100, 1017, 1201

	cf. Asiadapis sp. Rose et al. 2007	Rose et al. 2020
	unnamed sp. nov.

	Adapoidea indet. Trouessart 1879	Rose et al. 2006
	= Asiadapis cambayensis n. gen., n. sp. Rose et al. 2007	Rose et al. 2007
	type specimen also illustrated by Rose et al. 2006
Mammalia - Primates - Omomyidae

	Vastanomys gracilis n. gen., n. sp. Bajpai et al. 2005	Bajpai et al. 2005	2 specimens

	Vastanomys major n. sp. Rose et al. 2009	Rose et al. 2009	5 specimens
	(GU/RSR/VAS 441 (holotype). GU/RSR/VAS 442, 443, 444, 647
Mammalia

	Indodelphis luoi n. gen., n. sp. Bajpai et al. 2005	Bajpai et al. 2005
Arachnida

	Arachnida informal morphotype 1	Alimohammadian et al. 2005

	Arachnida informal morphotype 2	Alimohammadian et al. 2005
Insecta - Diptera

	Diptera indet. Linnaeus 1758	Alimohammadian et al. 2005
	"fly"
Insecta - Hymenoptera - Formicidae

	Formicidae indet. (Latreille 1802)	Alimohammadian et al. 2005
	original and current combination Formicariae
	"ant"
Angiospermae - Araceae

	Proxapertites sp. Van der Hammen 1956	Alimohammadian et al. 2005
Thaumastophiidae

	Thaumastophis missiaeni n. gen., n. sp. Rage et al. 2008	Rage et al. 2008	4 specimens
	Holotype: GU/RSR/VAS 1017, mid trunk vertebra. From Zaher et al. 2021: GU/RSR/VAS 1097, anterior- most trunk vertebra; GU/RSR/VAS 1095, 1096, 1098, 1100, anterior trunk vertebrae; GU/RSR/VAS 1085, 1086, 1087, 1089, 1090, 1091, 1092, 1093, 1094, 1101, mid-trunk vertebrae; GU/RSR/VAS 1088, 1103, mid-posterior trunk vertebrae; GU/RSR/VAS 1099, 1102, 1106, posterior trunk vertebrae; GU/RSR/VAS 1082-1084, caudal trunk vertebrae
unclassified

	Indolestes kalamensis n. gen., n. sp. Kapur et al. 2017	Kapur et al. 2017	1 specimen
	recombined as Bharatlestes kalamensis
	Holotype: IITR/SB/VLM-804
see common names

Geography

Country:	India	State/province:	Gujarat	County:	District Surat
Coordinates:	21.4° North, 73.1° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:	4.2° South, 63.1° East
Basis of coordinate:	stated in text

Time

Period:	Paleogene	Epoch:	Eocene
Stage:	Ypresian	10 m.y. bin:	Cenozoic 2
Key time interval:	Ypresian
Age range of interval:	56.00000 - 47.80000 m.y. ago

Stratigraphy

Formation:	Cambay Shale
Stratigraphic resolution:	group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: age based on Nummulites burdigalensis, which implies Shallow Benthic Zone 10 according to Bajpai et al, and SBZ 10-11 according to Rose et al. most small and large mammals are from two different, immediately superposed beds above Lignite 2 and at the base of the estuarine cycle 1, low in the section, but additional mammals are from supratidal deposits well above the highest lignite at the top of cycle 6 (Rose et al. 2009)

Lithology and environment

Primary lithology:	argillaceous,carbonaceous siltstone
Secondary lithology:	claystone
Includes fossils?	Y
Includes fossils?	Y
Lithology description: alternate dark grey carb. shale & greenish black shale/marl or (according to Rose et al. 2006) "dark, organic-rich, clayey silt at the contact between a marine shelly layer, containing shark and fish remains, and a continental clay layer" or (according to Rose et al. 2009) "smaller terrestrial vertebrates... come from a thin lens (<0.5 m thick) of dark, clayey silt and shale with abundant plant matter... Approximately 1-2 m higher is a dark clay zone that has produced larger mammals"
Environment:	lagoonal
Geology comments: from a "near-shore lagoonal setting" according to Bajpai et al. 2007 (JVP abstract)

Taphonomy

Modes of preservation:	body,original phosphate
Size of fossils:	macrofossils,mesofossils
Disassociated minor elements:	many

Collection methods and comments

Collection methods:	bulk,sieve,field collection
Reason for describing collection:	general faunal/floral analysis
Collection dates:	2004, 2006
Collection method comments: "About a ton of sediment has been screen-washed and has yielded 23 jaws and >140 isolated teeth of continental mammals" (Rose et al.) the Bajpai et al. and Rose et al. collections appear to have been made separately, and the latter are in the Department of Geology, H. N. B. Garhwal University
Taxonomic list comments:Rose et al. list four insectivores sensu lato that may or may not be the same as those described by Bajpai et al.: ? Cimolestidae (said to be new), ? Adapisoriculidae (said to be new), a larger insectivore, and ? Erinaceomorpha

Metadata

Database number:	55494
Authorizer:	M. Uhen, P. Mannion, P. Barrett, P. Holroyd, J. Head, J. Alroy	Enterer:	M. Uhen, J. Alroy, J. Head, P. Holroyd, P. Mannion, T. Cleary
Modifier:	G. Varnham	Research group:	vertebrate
Created:	2005-10-27 13:30:07	Last modified:	2022-04-29 04:51:06
Access level:	the public	Released:	2005-10-27 13:30:07
Creative Commons license:	CC BY

Reference information

Primary reference:

14970.

S. Bajpai, V. V. Kapur, D. P. Das, B. N. Tiwari, N. Saravanan and R. Sharma. 2005. Early Eocene land mammals from Vastan Lignite Mine, District Surat (Gujarat), Western India. Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 50(1):101-113 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]

Secondary references:

34084		H. Alimohammadian, A. Sahni, R. Patnaik, R. Singh Rana, and H. Singh. 2005. First record of an exceptionally diverse and well preserved amber-embedded biota from Lower Eocene (52 Ma) lignites, Vastan, Gujarat. Current Science 89(8):1328-1330 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
35461		S. Bajpai and J. J. Head. 2008. An early Eocene palaeopheid snake from Vastan Lignite Mine, Gujarat, India. Gondwana Geological Magazine 22(2):85-90 [J. Head/J. Head]
24168		S. Bajpai, V. V. Kapur, J. G. M. Thewissen, D. P. Das, B. N. Tiwari, R. Sharma, and N. Saravanan. 2005. Early Eocene primates from Vastan Lignite Mine, Gujarat, western India. Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 50(2):43-54 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
14980		S. Bajpai, V. V. Kapur, J. G. M. Thewissen, B. N. Tiwari, and D. P. Das. 2005. First fossil marsupials from India: Early Eocene Indodelphis n. gen. and Jaegeria n. gen. from Vastan Lignite Mine, District Surat, Gujarat. Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 50(1):147-151 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
24166		S. Bajpai, V. V. Kapur, J. G. M. Thewissen, D. P. Das, and B. N. Tiwari. 2006. New early Eocene cambaytheres (Perissodactyla, Mammalia) from the Vastan Lignite Mine (Gujarat, India) and an evaluation of cambaythere relationships. Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 51(1):101-110 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/J. Alroy]
30579		S. Bajpai, V. V. Kapur, and J. G. M. Thewissen. 2009. Creodont and condylarth from the Cambay Shale (Early Eocene, 55-54MA), Vastan Lignite Mine, Gujarat, Western India. Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 54(1):103-109 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
27910		S. Bajpai, R. F. Kay, B. A. Williams, D. P. Das, V. V. Kapur and B. N. Tiwari. 2008. Oldest Asian record of Anthropoidea. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105:11093--11098 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
19720		J. I. Bloch, M. T. Silcox, D. M. Boyer and E. J. Sargis. 2007. New Paleocene skeletons and the relationship of plesiadapiformes to crown-clade primates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 104(4):1159-1164 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/P. Mannion]
82014		D. P. Das, N. Carolin, and S. Bajpai. 2022. A nyctitheriid insectivore (Eulipotyphla, Mammalia) of Asian affinity from the early Eocene of India. Historical Biology 34(7):1157-1165 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd/P. Mannion]
62687		A. Folie, R. S. Rana, K. D. Rose, A. Sahni, K. Kumar, L. Singh, and T. Smith. 2013. Early Eocene Frogs from Vastan Lignite Mine, Gujarat, India. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 58(3):511-524 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd]
62931		V. V. Kapur, D. P. Das, S. Bajpai and G. Prasad. 2017. First mammal of Gondwanan lineage in the early Eocene of India. Comptes Rendus Palevol 16:721-737 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd/P. Mannion]
33863		K. Kumar, K. D. Rose, R. S. Rana, L. Singh, T. Smith and A. Sahni. 2010. Early Eocene artiodactyls (Mammalia) from western India. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(4):1245-1274 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
25493		G. Mayr, R. S. Rana, A. Sahni and T. Smith. 2007. Oldest fossil avian remains from the Indian subcontinental plate. Current Science 92(9):1266-1269 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
26889		G. V. R. Prasad and S. Bajpai. 2008. Agamid lizards from the Early Eocene of western India: oldest Cenozoic lizards from South Asia. Palaeontologia Electronica 11(1) [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
35602		J.-C. Rage, A. Folie, R. S. Rana, H. Singh, K. D. Rose and T. Smith. 2008. A diverse snake fauna from the early Eocene of Vastan Lignite Mine, Gujarat, India. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 53(3):391-403 [J. Head/J. Head]
60272		R. S. Rana, M. Augé, A. Folie, K. D. Rose, K. Kumar, L. Singh, A. Sahni and T. Smith. 2013. High diversity of acrodontan lizards in the early Eocene Vastan lignite mine of India. Geologica Belgica 16(4):290-301 [P. Barrett/T. Cleary]
26477		R. S. Rana, K. Kumar, G. Escarguel, A. Sahni, K. D. Rose, T. Smith, H. Singh and L. Singh. 2008. An ailuravine rodent from the lower Eocene Cambay Formation at Vastan, western India, and its palaeobiogeographic implications. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 53(1):1-14 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
59962		R. S. Rana, K. Kumar, S. P. Zack, F. Solé, K. D. Rose, P. Missiaen, L. Singh, A. Sahni, and T. Smith. 2015. Craniodental and postcranial morphology of Indohyaenodon raoi from the early Eocene of India, and its implications for ecology, phylogeny, and biogeography of hyaenodontid mammals. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35(5):e965308:1-22 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
24169		R. S. Rana, H. Singh, A. Sahni, K. D. Rose, and P. K. Sarswati. 2005. Early Eocene chiropterans from a new mammalian assemblage (Vastan Lignite Mine, Gujarat, western peninsular margin): Oldest known bats from Asia. Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 50(1):93-100 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
59959		K. D. Rose, V. B. DeLeon, P. Missiaen, R. S. Rana, A. Sahni, L. Singh, and T. Smith. 2008. Early Eocene lagomorph (Mammalia) from Western India and the early diversification of Lagomorpha. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 275:1203-1208 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
59960		K. D. Rose, L. T. Holbrook, R. S. Rana, K. Kumar, K. E. Jones, H. E. Ahrens, P. Missiaen, A. Sahni, and T. Smith. 2014. Early Eocene fossils suggest that the mammalian order Perissodactyla originated in India. Nature Communications 5:5570:1-9 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion/M. Uhen]
74273		K. D. Rose, L. T. Holbrook, K. Kumar, R. S. Rana, H. E. Ahrens, R. H. Dunn, A. Folie, K. E. Jones, and T. Smith. 2020. Anatomy, Relationships, and Paleobiology of Cambaytherium (Mammalia, Perissodactylamorpha, Anthracobunia) from the lower Eocene of western India. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 39(Supp. 1):1-147 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
49142		K. D. Rose, K. Kumar, R. S. Rana, A. Sahni, and T. Smith. 2013. New Hypsodont Tillodont (Mammalia, Tillodontia) from the Early Eocene of India. Journal of Paleontology 87(5):842-853 [M. Uhen/S. Alam/P. Mannion]
27924		K. D. Rose, R. S. Rana, A. Sahni and T. Smith. 2007. A new adapoid primate from the early Eocene of India. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 31(14):379-385 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
59953		K. D. Rose, R. S. Rana, A. Sahni, K. Kumar, L. Singh and T. Smith. 2009. First tillodont from India: Additional evidence for an early Eocene faunal connection between Europe and India?. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 54(2):351-355 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
32172		K. D. Rose, R. S. Rana, A. Sahni, K. Kumar, P. Missiaen, L. Singh, and T. Smith. 2009. Early Eocene primates from Gujarat, India. Journal of Human Evolution 56(4):366-404 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
24154		K. D. Rose, T. Smith, R. S. Rana, A. Sahni, H. Sing, P. Missiaen, and A. Folie. 2006. Early Eocene (Ypresian) continental vertebrate assemblage from India, with description of a new anthracobunid (Mammalia, Tethytheria). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26(1):219-225 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
35350		T. Smith, R. S. Rana, P. Missiaen, K. D. Rose, A. Sahni, H. Singh, and L. Singh. 2007. High bat (Chiroptera) diversity in the Early Eocene of India. Naturwissenschaften 94(12):1003-1009 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
59951		T. Smith, F. Solé, P. Missiaen, R. S. Rana, K. Kumar, A. Sahni, and K. D. Rose. 2015. First early Eocene tapiroid from India and its implication for the paleobiogeographic origin of perissodactyls. Palaeovertebrata 39(2):1-9 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
34085		M. M. Solórzano Kraemer and N. L. Evenhuis. 2008. The first keroplatid (Diptera: Keroplatidae) species from the Lower Eocene amber of Vastan, Gujarat, India. Zootaxa 1816:57-60 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
34086		M. M. Solórzano Kraemer and R. Wagner. 2009. The first psychodid (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) species from the Lower Eocene amber of Vastan, Gujarat, India. Zootaxa 2152:63-68 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
81519		H. Zaher, A. Folie, A. B. Quadros, R. S. Rana, K. Kumar, K. D. Rose, M. Fahmy and T. Smith. 2021. Additional vertebral material of Thaumastophis (Serpentes: Caenophidia) from the early Eocene of India provides new insights on the early diversification of colubroidean snakes. Geobios 66-67:35-43 [P. Mannion/G. Varnham]