PBDB Collection

Peterborough area, Leeds Collection: Middle Callovian, United Kingdom
collected by A. N. Leeds, Esq., F.G.S. <1915

List of taxa

Where & when

Geology

Taphonomy & methods

Metadata & references

Taxonomic list

Reptilia - Camptosauridae

	? Reptilia indet. Laurenti 1768	Van Straelen 1928	1 specimen
	?egg, BMNH R2903
	= ? Camptosauridae indet. Marsh 1885	Carpenter and Alf 1994
Reptilia - Rhamphorhynchidae

	Rhamphorhynchus sp. Meyer 1847	Martill 1988	2 specimens
	BMNH R1995, right ulna and partial humeri; BMNH R4759, wing-phalanx 1
	= Rhamphorhynchidae indet. Seeley 1870	Unwin 1996
Reptilia - Teleosauridae

	Steneosaurus nasutus n. sp. Andrews 1909	Andrews 1913	2 specimens
	recombined as Mycterosuchus nasutus
	Holotype skeleton BMNH R2617, and referrred partial vertebral column BMNH R3892

	Steneosaurus durobrivensis n. sp. Andrews 1909	Andrews 1913	5 specimens
	Holotype BMNH R3701 (nearly complete skeleton), plus BMNH R2865, R2075, R2076, R2073

	Steneosaurus depressus n. sp. Phizackerley 1951	Phizackerley 1951
	synonym of Steneosaurus heberti
	OUM J 1420
Reptilia

	Steneosaurus boutilieri Eudes-Deslongchamps 1868	Andrews 1909
	recombined as Yvridiosuchus boutilieri
	OUM J1403, J1401 - precise locality data unknown

	Steneosaurus hulkei n. sp. Andrews 1913	Andrews 1913	1 specimen
	synonym of Machimosaurus hugii
	Holotype BMNH R2074, partial skeleton

	Steneosaurus obtusidens n. sp. Andrews 1909	Andrews 1913	3 specimens
	recombined as Lemmysuchus obtusidens
	Holotype partial skeleton BMNH R3168, plus BMNH R3169 and R3898 (partial postcranial skeletons) (SEE BELOW for S. edwardsi)

	Steneosaurus leedsi n. sp. Andrews 1909	Andrews 1913	3 specimens
	recombined as Charitomenosuchus leedsi
	Holotype skull BMNH R3320, plus BMNH 3806 (nearly complete skeleton) and R2619 (partial skeleton),

	Steneosaurus edwardsi Eudes-Deslongchamps 1867	Johnson et al. 2015	1 individual
	recombined as Neosteneosaurus edwardsi
	NHMUK PV R3898 (refered to S. obtusidens - see above)
Reptilia - Metriorhynchidae

	Metriorhynchus brachyrhynchus (Eudes-Deslongchamps 1868)	Andrews 1913	1 specimen
	BMNH R3939; two other specimens listed by Andrews (1913) were reported by Leeds (1908), who gave more specific locality data (Dogsthorpe) and have been entered into collection 133068 (neotype skull: BMNH 3700; plus R3699)

	Metriorhynchus cultridens n. sp. Andrews 1913	Andrews 1913	2 specimens
	synonym of Metriorhynchus brachyrhynchus
	BMNH R 3804 (holotype partial skeleton), R3541)

	Metriorhynchus aff. moreli Deslongchamps 1867	Andrews 1913	7 specimens
	BMNH R2054, R2032, R2044, R2049, R3900, R1666, R2040

	Metriorhynchus superciliosum (de Blainville 1853)	Andrews 1913	21 specimens
	recombined as Thalattosuchus superciliosus
	BMNH R2030, R2051, R1530, R2033, R3016, R2056, R2041, R2055, R1529, R2065, R2048, R2069, R2056, R2036, R2058; and possibly: R2064, R2080, R2775, R2062, R2077, R2062a

	Metriorhynchus leedsi n. sp. Andrews 1913	Andrews 1913	2 specimens
	recombined as Gracilineustes leedsi
	BMNH R3540 (holotype skull), R3899

	Metriorhynchus laeve n. sp. Andrews 1913	Andrews 1913	4 specimens
	synonym of Gracilineustes leedsi
	BMNH R3015 (holotype skull and partial postcranium), R3014, R2042, R2031

	Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos Young et al. 2013	Young et al. 2013	5 specimens
	GLAHM V1145: numerous isolated teeth, left humerus, coracoids, femur, ilium; GLAHM V1399/9: isolated tooth; GLAHM V1402/5: isolated tooth; GLAHM V1430: isolated tooth; GLAHM V1436: numerous isolated teeth. All from near Peterborough, England (Peterborough Member, Oxford Clay Formation; Middle Callovian)

	Dakosaurus informal Mr Leeds sp.	Sachs et al. 2019
	NHMUK PV R 3321, NHMUK PV R 4696, NHMUK PV R 4763

	Suchodus durobrivensis n. sp. Lydekker 1890	Lydekker 1890	4 specimens
	Holotype BMNH R1994, mandibular symphysis — from Water Newton rather than Peterborough according to Young et al (2010), but Young pers. comm. suggested some uncertainty over this data and both Seeley and Andrews (1913) gave Peterborough as the locality; Andrews (1913) additionally listed BMNH R3321, R2039, R2618
Reptilia - Plesiosauria - Cryptoclididae

	Cryptoclidus eurymerus (Phillips 1871)	Brown 1981	15 individuals
	15+ individuals listed by Brown (1981): BMNH R2860 (neotype almost complete skeleton), R2412, R2416, R2417, R2616, R2862, R3538, R3703, R3730, R8621, HMGV (Hunterian Museum, Glasgow) V1091, V1104, V1807, V1809, V1835

	Apractocleidus teretipes n. gen., n. sp. Smellie 1915	Smellie 1915	1 individual
	synonym of Cryptoclidus eurymerus
	HMG V1091 (holotype of A. teretipes)

	Tricleidus seeleyi Andrews 1909	Brown 1981	2 specimens
	NMW 19.96.G7 (pectoral girdle), HMG V.1800 (humerus)

	Muraenosaurus beloclis n. sp. Seeley 1892	Seeley 1892	4 individuals
	recombined as Picrocleidus beloclis
	BMNH R1965 (holotype), R2739, R3698, R2429

	Muraenosaurus leedsii Seeley 1874	Brown 1981	6 individuals
	BMNH R2422, R2424, R2426, R2863, R2864, R3704; Brown (1981) also listed the holotype (BMNH R2421) from this locality, but this is incorrect

	Muraenosaurus platyclis n. sp. Seeley 1892	Seeley 1892	1 specimen
	synonym of Muraenosaurus leedsii
	BMNH R2678

	Muraenosaurus durobrivensis n. sp. (Lydekker 1889)		2 individuals
	synonym of Muraenosaurus leedsii
	BMNH R2628 (holotype), R2861
Reptilia - Plesiosauria - Pliosauridae

	Pliosauridae informal new species	Ketchum and Benson 2011	1 specimen
	BMNH R2439

	Peloneustes evansi (Seeley 1869)	Andrews 1913	1 specimen
	BMNH R3891
	= Pliosaurus andrewsi n. sp. Tarlo 1960	Tarlo 1960
	BMNH R3891 (holotype partial skeleton)

	Simolestes vorax n. gen., n. sp. Andrews 1909	Tarlo 1960	1 specimen
	BMNH R3319 (holotype skeleton)

	Liopleurodon ferox Sauvage 1873	Andrews 1913	1 specimen
	BMNH R3536 (skeleton)

	Peloneustes philarchus (Seeley 1869)	Andrews 1913	19 individuals
	CAMSM J.46913, NHMUK (=BMNH) R2440, NHMUK R2441, NHMUK R2444, NHMUK R2679, NHMUK R3318, NHMUK R3803, NHMUK R4058, CAMSM (X.50163), LEICT G418.1956.33, GPIT RE/3409, GPIT uncatalogued 1 (Leeds specimen 49, mounted in gallery), GPIT uncatalogued 2 (holotype of P. philarchus var. spathyrhynchus), MB.R.3631, PETMG R73, SMF R14, SMNS 10113, UNIL 9865 (some of these were referred by Ketchum & Benson, who excluded BMNH R2439, originally referred to P. philarchus by Andrews 1913)
Reptilia - Ophthalmosauridae

	Ophthalmosaurus icenicus n. gen., n. sp. Seeley 1874	Andrews 1910	37 specimens
	BMNH R2133 (holotype partial skeleton first reported by Seeley 1874), R2180, R2181, R2740, R2160, R2853, R2149, R2138, R2162, R2161, R3013, R2185, R2191, R2155, R2132, R2150, R2153, R2150a, R2152, R2143, R2173, R2174, R2163, R2135, R2188, R2148, R2137, R2147, R2141, R2139, R2164, R2134, R2175, R2169, R3533, R3535, R3534
Actinopteri - Lepisosteiformes

	Lepidotus latifrons Woodward 1893	Woodward 1895	3 specimens
	BMNH P.6841, P.6838, P.6840

	Lepidotus macrocheirus Egerton 1845	Woodward 1895	3 specimens
	BMNH P.6839, P.6899, P.6900

	Lepidotus leedsi n. sp. Woodward 1895	Woodward 1895	1 specimen
	BMNH P.6837
see common names

Geography

Country:	United Kingdom	State/province:	England	County:	Cambridgeshire
Coordinates:	52.6° North, 0.2° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:	42.7° North, 9.7° East
Basis of coordinate:	based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:	local area

Time

Period:	Jurassic	Epoch:	Middle Jurassic
Stage:	Callovian	10 m.y. bin:	Jurassic 5
Key time interval:	Middle Callovian	Ammonoid zone:	Sigaloceras (Catasigaloceras) enodatum - Kosmoceras phaeinum
Age range of interval:	165.30000 - 161.50000 m.y. ago

Stratigraphy

Geological group:	Ancholme	Formation:	Oxford Clay	Member:	Peterborough
Stratigraphic resolution:	bed
Stratigraphy comments: "The Peterborough Member (Sigiloceras enodatum (Sigiloceras calloviense Zone)–Kosmoceras phaeinum (Peltoceras athleta Zone) ammonite Subzone: late Early–early Late Callovian, Middle Jurassic, previously termed the ‘lower Oxford Clay’"

Lithology and environment

Primary lithology:	lithified carbonaceous mudstone
Includes fossils?	Y
Lithology description: "The Lower Oxford Clay is composed predominantly of organic-rich mudstones that on exposure rapidly develop a shale-like fissility" (Hudson & Martill 1991, p. 20-21)
Environment:	offshore
Geology comments: "accumulated in a wide, shallow (30–50 m deep) epeiric sea"

Taphonomy

Modes of preservation:	body
Size of fossils:	macrofossils
Preservation of anatomical detail:	excellent
Abundance in sediment:	abundant
Fragmentation:	occasional
Spatial resolution:	parautochthonous

Collection methods and comments

Collection methods:	selective quarrying,surface (in situ),survey of museum collection
Reason for describing collection:	general faunal/floral analysis
Museum repositories:	BMNH,SMF,SMNS
Collectors:	A. N. Leeds, Esq., F.G.S.	Collection dates:	<1915
Collection method comments: Hunterian Museum of Geology, Glasgow, UK

Metadata

Database number:	109800
Authorizer:	M. Carrano, R. Benson, P. Mannion, P. Wagner, M. Clapham	Enterer:	H. Street, J. Tennant, R. Benson, P. Wagner, M. Carrano, P. Vazquez
Modifier:	P. Wagner	Research group:	vertebrate
Created:	2011-05-27 06:12:01	Last modified:	2021-02-05 00:00:11
Access level:	the public	Released:	2011-05-27 06:12:01
Creative Commons license:	CC BY

Reference information

Primary reference:

33960.

R. Lydekker. 1889. Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia, Part II. Containing the orders Ichthyopterygia and Sauropterygia [M. Carrano/H. Street/R. Benson]

Secondary references:

50059		C. W. Andrews. 1909. On some new steneosaurs from the Oxford Clay of Peterborough. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 3:299-308 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant]
46171		C. W. Andrews. 1909. On some new Plesiosauria from the Oxford Clay of Peterborough. Annals And Magazine of Natural History 4:418-429 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant]
33941		C. W. Andrews. 1910. A Descriptive Catalogue of the Marine Reptiles of the Oxford Clay. Based on the Leeds Collection in the British Museum (Natural History), London. Part I [M. Carrano/H. Street]
30974		C. W. Andrews. 1911. The fossil reptiles of the Oxford Clay. Transactions of the Ealing Natural History and Microscopy Society 1911-12:6-8 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
33944		C. W. Andrews. 1913. A Descriptive Catalogue of the Marine Reptiles of the Oxford Clay. Based on the Leeds Collection in the British Museum (Natural History), London. Part II [M. Carrano/H. Street]
50462		C. W. Andrews. 1915. Note on a fore-paddle of Metriorhynchus from the Oxford Clay of Peterborough. Geological Magazine 2:444-447 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant]
63706		Anonymous. 1950. A dinosaur egg from Tanganiyka?: A find related to other discoveries. Illustrated London News 217(5828):1083 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
33993		D. S. Brown. 1981. The English Upper Jurassic Plesiosauroidea (Reptilia) and a review of the phylogeny and classification of the Plesiosauria. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 35(4):253-347 [M. Carrano/H. Street/H. Street]
14221	ETE	K. Carpenter and K. Alf. 1994. Global distribution of dinosaur eggs, nests, and babies. In K. Carpenter, K. F. Hirsch, and J. R. Horner (eds.), Dinosaur Eggs and Babies, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 13-30 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
56092		M. M. Johnson, M. T. Young, L. Steel and Y. Lepage. 2015. Steneosaurus edwardsi (Thalattosuchia: Teleosauridae), the largest known crocodylomorph of the Middle Jurassic. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 115:911-918 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant]
36273	ETE	H. F. Ketchum and R. B. J. Benson. 2011. The cranial anatomy and taxonomy of Peloneustes philarchus (Sauropterygia, Pliosauridae) from the Peterborough Member (Callovian, Middle Jurassic) of the United Kingdom. Palaeontology 54(3):639-665 [M. Carrano/H. Street]
42560		R. Lydekker. 1890. On a crocodilian jaw from the Oxford Clay of Peterborough. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 46:284-288 [R. Benson/R. Benson/R. Benson]
14480	ETE	D. M. Martill. 1988. A review of the terrestrial vertebrate of fossils of the Oxford Clay (Callovian-Oxfordian) of England. Mercian Geologist 11(3):171-190 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
46063		D. M. Martill and J. D. Hudson. 1991. Fossils of the Oxford Clay 1-286 [R. Benson/R. Benson/R. Benson]
42571		E. E. Maxwell, M. S. Fernández, and R. R. Schoch. 2012. First diagnostic marine reptile remains from the Aalenian (Middle Jurassic): a new ichthyosaur from southwestern Germany. PLoS ONE 7(8):e41692 [R. Benson/R. Benson]
50075		P. H. Phizackerley. 1951. A revision of the Teleosauridae in the Oxford University Museum and the British Museum. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History 12(4):1170-1192 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant]
71489		S. Sachs, M. M. Johnson, M. T. Young and P. Abel. 2019. The mystery of Mystriosaurus: Redescribing the poorly known Early Jurassic teleosauroid thalattosuchians Mystriosaurus laurillardi and Steneosaurus brevior. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 64(3):565-579 [G. Lloyd/G. Lloyd/G. Varnham]
46676		P. M. Sander. 2000. Ichthyosauria: their diversity, distribution and phylogeny. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 74(1/2):1-35 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant]
34504		H. G. Seeley. 1892. The Nature of the Shoulder Girdle and Clavicular Arch in Sauropterygia. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 51:119-151 [M. Carrano/H. Street]
38368		W. R. Smellie. 1915. On a new plesiosaur from the Oxford Clay. Geological Magazine, decades 6 2:341-343 [R. Benson/R. Benson]
63813		W. E. Swinton. 1950. Fossil eggs from Tanganyika. The Illustrated London News 217(5828):1082-1083 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
38384		L. B. Tarlo. 1960. A review of Upper Jurassic pliosaurs. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology Series 14(5):147-189 [R. Benson/R. Benson/R. Benson]
30893		D. M. Unwin. 1996. The fossil record of Middle Jurassic pterosaurs. In M. Morales (ed.), The Continental Jurassic, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin 60:291-304 [R. Butler/R. Butler]
59215		V. Van Straelen. 1928. Les oeufs de reptiles fossiles [The eggs of fossil reptiles]. Palaeobiologica 1:295-312 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
44183		M. T. Young, M. B. d. Andrade, S. L. Brusatte, M. Sakamoto, and J. Liston. 2013. The oldest known metriorhynchid super-predator: a new genus and species from the Middle Jurassic of England, with implications for serration and mandibular evolution in predacious clades. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology [R. Benson/R. Benson/M. Young]
42555		M. T. Young, S. L. Brusatte, M. Ruta and M. B. Andrade. 2010. The evolution of Metriorhynchoidea (Mesoeucrocodylia, Thalattosuchia): an integrated approach using geometric morphometrics, analysis of disparity, and biomechanics. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158(4):801-859 [R. Benson/R. Benson/M. Young]