Norden Bridge Quarry: Barstovian, Nebraska
collected by J. A. Holman, M. Voorhies 1960, 1962, 1971 (), 1974 - 1979 (), 1981

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Florentiamyinae indet.
Voorhies 1990
Pylodictis sp.
Voorhies 1990
Allomys stirtoni n. sp. Klingener 1968
Klingener 1968
(1 measurement)
    = informal Barstovian allomyine stirtoni
Alroy 2002
? Diprionomys sp. Kellogg 1910
Klingener 1968
    = Peridiomys sp. Matthew 1924
Voorhies 1990
    = Mioheteromyinae indet.
Alroy 2002
Actinopteri - Cypriniformes - Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae indet. Rafinesque 1815
Voorhies 1990
Actinopteri - Siluriformes - Ictaluridae
Ictalurus lambda
Voorhies 1990
Ictalurus echinatus
Voorhies 1990
Ictalurus cf. leidyi
Voorhies 1990
Ictalurus cf. punctatus (Rafinesque 1818)
Actinopteri - Esociformes - Esocidae
Esox sp. Linnaeus 1758
Voorhies 1990
Actinopteri - Centrarchiformes - Centrarchidae
Lepomis microlophus Lee 1980
Micropterus sp. Lacépède 1802
Voorhies 1990
Actinopteri - Sciaenidae
Aplodinotus grunniens Rafinesque 1819
Voorhies 1990
Actinopteri - Lepisosteiformes - Lepisosteidae
Atractosteus spatula
Voorhies 1990
Lepisosteus sp. Agassiz 1843
Actinopteri - Amiiformes - Amiidae
Amia calva Linnaeus 1766
Reptilia - Gruiformes - Rallidae
Rallinae indet. Vigors 1825
Becker 1987
Reptilia - Anseriformes - Anatidae
Anserinae indet. Vigors 1825
Becker 1987
Reptilia
Alligator sp. Daudin 1809
Voorhies 1990
    = Crocodylia indet. Owen 1842
Whiting and Head 2020
UNSM 85347
Reptilia - Scincidae
cf. Eumeces sp. Wiegmann 1834
Estes and Tihen 1964
Eumeces sp. Wiegmann 1834
Wellstead 1982
Reptilia - Xenosauridae
Nordenosaurus magnus n. sp. Holman 1973
Voorhies 1990
xenosaurid
Reptilia - Anguidae
Anguidae indet. Gray 1825
Estes and Tihen 1964
large
Gerrhonotus sp. Wiegmann 1828
Voorhies 1990
    = Gerrhonotus cf. mungerorum
Voorhies 1990
Reptilia - Rhineuridae
cf. Rhineura sp. Cope 1861
Voorhies 1990
Reptilia - Iguanidae
Sceloporus sp. Wiegmann 1828
Voorhies 1990
Leiocephalus nebraskensis
Voorhies 1990
Reptilia - Boidae
Geringophis depressus Holman 1976
Holman 1982
Charina prebottae Brattstrom 1958
Voorhies 1990
Reptilia - Viperidae
Viperidae indet. Oppel 1811
Holman 1982
Reptilia - Colubridae
Neonatrix magna n. sp. Holman 1982
Holman 1982
Neonatrix elongata Holman 1973
Holman 1982
Paleoheterodon tiheni n. gen., n. sp. Holman 1964
Holman 1964 3 specimens
Salvadora paleolineata Holman 1973
Holman 1982
Elaphe nebraskensis n. sp. Holman 1964
Holman 1964 3 specimens
Ameiseophis cf. robinsoni Holman 1976
Holman 1982
originally entered as Ameisophis robinsoni
Nebraskophis skinneri Holman 1973
Holman 1982
Lampropeltis similis n. sp. Holman 1964
Holman 1964 2 specimens
Reptilia - Testudines - Emydidae
Clemmys sp. Ritgen 1828
Voorhies 1990
    = Glyptemys valentinensis Holman and Fritz 2001
Holman and Fritz 2001
Chrysemys sp. Gray 1844
Estes and Tihen 1964
    = Emydinae indet. Rafinesque 1815
Alroy 2008
Emydoidea hutchisoni Holman 1995
Holman 2002
    = Chrysemys sp. Gray 1844
Holman 2003
cf. Graptemys sp. Agassiz 1857
Voorhies 1990
Reptilia - Testudines - Testudinidae
Geochelone orthopygia (Cope 1878)
recombined as Hesperotestudo orthopygia
Geochelone nordensis n. sp. Holman 1973
Holman 1973
synonym of Hesperotestudo orthopygia
(1 measurement)
Reptilia - Testudines - Chelydridae
Macroclemys sp. (Gray 1856)
Voorhies 1990
original and current combination Macrochelys
Reptilia - Testudines
Estes and Tihen 1964
    = Trionyx quinni n. sp. Holman 1982
Holman 1982
nomen dubium belonging to Pantrionychidae
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Mammutidae
cf. Zygolophodon sp. (Vacek 1877)
Voorhies 1990
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Gomphotherium cf. osborni (Barbour 1916)
Voorhies 1990
    = Gomphotherium cf. willistoni Barbour 1914
Alroy 2002
synonym of Trilophodon osborni
see Voorhies' discussion
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Teleoceras medicornutum Osborn 1904
Voorhies 1990
    = Teleoceras minor Olcott 1909
Mead 1999
synonym of Teleoceras meridianum
"T. cf. minor" of Skinner and Johnson 1984
Aphelops megalodus (Cope 1873)
Voorhies 1990
Peraceras profectum (Matthew 1899)
Prothero 2005
Peraceras crassus (Leidy 1858)
Voorhies 1990
    = Peraceras superciliosum Cope 1880
Alroy 2002
original and current combination Peraceras superciliosus
considered a senior synonym of superciliosum by Voorhies, but see Prothero 1998d
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Tapiridae
Tapiridae indet. (Gray 1821)
Voorhies 1990
original and current combination Taperidae
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Chalicotheriidae
Chalicotheriidae indet. Gill 1872
Voorhies 1990
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Merychippus insignis Leidy 1856
Voorhies 1990
"Merychippus" republicanus Osborn 1918
Voorhies 1990
i.d. checked by JA 24 October 1990, on basis of figures and description of species provided by Webb and Hulbert 1986; the same species as USNM 1352 is present
Cormohipparion quinni Woodburne 1996
Voorhies 1990
    = Hippotherium ? quinni Woodburne 1996
Woodburne 1996
original and current combination Cormohipparion quinni
although text is confused, I believe he means that the juvenile skull is "Cormohipparion" and the adult skull "M. republicanus," which would be reasonable
Calippus francisi (Hay 1924)
Voorhies 1990
    = Calippus proplacidus Osborn 1918
Alroy 2002
Protohippus sp. (Leidy 1858)
Voorhies 1990
reassigned as Merychippus (Protohippus)
said to be a new species; less hypsodont, more complex fossettes than P. perditus; probably not P. vetus either
Parahippus cognatus (Leidy 1858)
Voorhies 1990
(1 measurement)
Hypohippus osborni Gidley 1907
Voorhies 1990
Megahippus mckennai Tedford and Alf 1962
Voorhies 1990
Archaeohippus sp. Gidley 1906
Voorhies 1990
Mammalia - Protoceratidae
Prosynthetoceras sp. (Frick 1937)
Voorhies 1990
    = Protoceratidae indet. Marsh 1891
Voorhies 1990
Mammalia - Palaeomerycidae
Bouromeryx cf. americanus (Douglass 1899)
Voorhies 1990
(1 measurement)
Mammalia - Moschidae
Blastomeryx gemmifer (Cope 1874)
Voorhies 1990
(1 measurement)
Mammalia - Leptomerycidae
Pseudoparablastomeryx sp. Frick 1937
Voorhies 1990
Mammalia - Antilocapridae
Ramoceros osborni (Matthew 1904)
Voorhies 1990
Merycodus minor (Frick 1937)
Voorhies 1990
    = Submeryceros minor Frick 1937
Alroy 2002
recombined as Merycodus minor
Merycodus necatus Leidy 1854
Voorhies 1990
Mammalia - Tayassuidae
Dyseohyus xiphodonticus (Barbour 1925)
Voorhies 1990
    = Prosthennops xiphodonticus Barbour 1925
Alroy 2002
recombined as Stirtonhyus xiphodonticus
Mammalia - Merycoidodontidae
Ustatochoerus medius (Leidy 1858)
Voorhies 1990
    = Merychyus medius Leidy 1858
Alroy 2002
recombined as Ustatochoerus medius
? Ticholeptus sp. Cope 1878
Voorhies 1990
Mammalia - Camelidae
cf. Miolabis sp. Hay 1899
Voorhies 1990
Aepycamelus robustus (Leidy 1858)
Voorhies 1990
(1 measurement)
Procamelus occidentalis Leidy 1858
Voorhies 1990
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Pseudaelurus intrepidus (Leidy 1858)
Voorhies 1990
    = Felidae indet. Gray 1821
Voorhies 1990
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae
Aelurodon cf. wheelerianus (Cope 1877)
Voorhies 1990
    = Aelurodon cf. ferox Leidy 1858
Alroy 2002
confirmed as A. ferox by Wang et al. 1999
Cynarctus saxatilis Matthew 1902
Voorhies 1990
confirmed by Wang et al. 1999
Tomarctus temerarius (Leidy 1858)
Voorhies 1990
    = Paratomarctus temerarius Leidy 1858
Alroy 2002
confirmed by Wang et al. 1999
Carpocyon cuspidatus (Thorpe 1922)
Voorhies 1990
    = Carpocyon compressus Cope 1890
Alroy 2002
see also Wang et al. 1999
Leptocyon vafer (Leidy 1858)
Voorhies 1990
Mammalia - Carnivora - Amphicyonidae
Amphicyonidae indet. Haeckel 1886
Voorhies 1990
    = Pseudocyon sp. Lartet 1851
Hunt 1998
Mammalia - Carnivora - Ursidae
Hemicyon sp. Lartet 1851
Voorhies 1990
    = Ursidae indet. Gray 1825
Alroy 2002
Mammalia - Carnivora - Procyonidae
Bassariscus parvus Hall 1927
Voorhies 1990
    = Probassariscus antiquus Matthew and Cook 1909
Alroy 2002
original and current combination Bassariscus antiquus
which Voorhies 1990 implies is a synonym of antiquus
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mustelidae
Brachypsalis pristinus (Matthew and Gidley 1904)
Voorhies 1990
    = cf. Mionictis pristinus Matthew and Gidley 1904
Alroy 2002
Miomustela cf. madisonae (Douglass 1929)
Voorhies 1990
(1 measurement)
Leptarctus primus Leidy 1856
Voorhies 1990
Plionictis parviloba (Cope 1873)
Voorhies 1990
recombined as Martes parviloba
Plionictis ogygia (Matthew 1901)
Voorhies 1990
Brachypsaloides modicus (Matthew 1918)
Voorhies 1990
(1 measurement)
    = Brachypsalis modicus Matthew 1918
Alroy 2002
Mammalia - Talpidae
Mystipterus sp. Hall 1930
Voorhies 1990
Domninoides valentinensis Reed 1962
Voorhies 1990
cf. Scalopoides sp. Wilson 1960
Voorhies 1990
Mammalia - Soricidae
Alluvisorex sp. Hutchison 1966
Voorhies 1990
Mammalia - Plesiosoricidae
Plesiosorex donroosai Green 1977
Voorhies 1990
(1 measurement)
Mammalia - Erinaceidae
Metechinus amplior Rich 1981
Voorhies 1990
Untermannerix copiosus Rich 1981
Voorhies 1990
Parvericius montanus Koerner 1940
Voorhies 1990
(1 measurement)
Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae
Copemys kelloggae (Hoffmeister 1959)
Klingener 1968
(6 measurements)
    = Copemys niobrariensis Hoffmeister 1959
Voorhies 1990
synonym of Copemys longidens
Muridae indet. Illiger 1811
Klingener 1968
    = Tregomys sp. Wilson 1968
Voorhies 1990
synonym of Copemys
Mammalia - Rodentia - Zapodidae
? Plesiosminthus sp. Viret 1926
Klingener 1968
(1 measurement)
    = Schaubeumys cartomylos Korth 1987
Korth 1987
    = Schaubeumys sp. Wood 1935
Voorhies 1990
Megasminthus tiheni Klingener 1966
Klingener 1968
Mammalia - Rodentia - Geomyidae
Phelosaccomys sp. Korth and Reynolds 1994
Korth and Reynolds 1994
consistent with Evander 1999; "? Parapliosaccomys sp." said to be new; "P. annae" of Korth 1987
Mammalia - Rodentia - Eomyidae
? Leptodontomys sp. Shotwell 1956
Klingener 1968
Mammalia - Rodentia - Heteromyidae
Perognathus furlongi Gazin 1930
Voorhies 1990
    = Perognathus brevidens Korth 1987
Korth 1987
Perognathus sp. Maximillian 1839
Klingener 1968
(1 measurement)
    = Perognathus trojectioansrum Korth 1979
Voorhies 1990
Lignimus cf. montis Storer 1970
Voorhies 1990
described by Storer 1973 (1 measurement)
Perognathoides cf. cuyamensis Wood 1937
Klingener 1968
    = Perognathoides sp. Wood 1935
Voorhies 1990
see also Korth 1996c who suggests it is C. kleinfelderi
    = Cupidinimus sp. Wood 1935
Alroy 2002
Cupidinimus nebraskensis Wood 1935
Klingener 1968
Diprionomys agrarius Wood 1935
Klingener 1968
    = Mioheteromys amplissimus Korth 1997
Korth 1997
Mammalia - Rodentia - Castoridae
Anchitheriomys fluminis (Matthew 1918)
Voorhies 1990
see also Korth and Emry 1997a
Monosaulax skinneri Stout 1999
Evander 1999
Monosaulax sp. Stirton 1935
Klingener 1968
    = Monosaulax cf. curtus Matthew and Cook 1909
Voorhies 1990
    = Eucastor valentinensis Stout 1999
Evander 1999
    = Monosaulax valentinensis Stout 1999
Alroy 2002
recombined as Temperocastor valentinensis
Eucastor tortus (Leidy 1858)
Voorhies 1990
confirmed by Evander 1999
Mammalia - Rodentia - Mylagaulidae
Mylagaulidae indet. Cope 1881
Klingener 1968
    = Mylagaulus cf. laevis Matthew 1902
Voorhies 1990
    = Pterogaulus sp. Korth 2000
Korth 2000
Mammalia - Rodentia - Sciuridae
? Tamias sp. Illinger 1811
Klingener 1968
(1 measurement)
    = Eutamias cf. ateles Hall 1930
Voorhies 1990
    = Tamias cf. ateles Hall 1930
Alroy 2002
Spermophilus sp. Cuvier 1825
Voorhies 1990
Blackia sp. Mein 1970
Voorhies 1990
Sciuropterus sp. Cuvier 1825
Voorhies 1990
    = Petauristodon sp. Engesser 1979
Alroy 2002
Miospermophilus sp. Black 1963
Voorhies 1990
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Ochotonidae
Russellagus vonhofi Storer 1970
Voorhies 1990
Hesperolagomys fluviatilis Storer 1970
Voorhies 1990
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Hypolagus cf. fontinalis Dawson 1958
Voorhies 1990
Hypolagus parviplicatus Dawson 1958
Voorhies 1990
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae
cf. Antrozous sp. Allen 1862
Voorhies 1990
a bat
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Pelobatidae
Scaphiopus wardorum n. sp. (Estes and Tihen 1964)
Estes and Tihen 1964
original and current combination Scaphiopus (Scaphiopus) wardorum
Scaphiopus cf. alexanderi Zweifel 1956
Estes and Tihen 1964
    = Scaphiopus bombifrons Cope 1863
Voorhies 1990
recombined as Spea bombifrons
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Bufonidae
Bufo kuhrei n. sp. Holman 1973
Holman 1973
Bufo cf. hibbardi Taylor 1936
Estes and Tihen 1964
Bufo valentinensis n. sp. Estes and Tihen 1964
Estes and Tihen 1964
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Ranidae
Rana sp. Linnaeus 1758
Estes and Tihen 1964
    = Rana aff. pipiens Schreber 1782
Voorhies 1990
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Hylidae
Acris cf. crepitans Baird 1854
Chantell 1964
see also Chantell 1966
Pseudacris cf. clarki Baird 1854
Chantell 1964
Pseudacris nordensis n. sp. Chantell 1964
Chantell 1964
Hyla cf. squirella Bosc 1800
Chantell 1964
Hyla cf. cinerea (Schneider 1799)
Chantell 1964
    = Hyla cf. versicolor Le Conte 1825
Chantell 1966
Hyla cf. gratiosa Le Conte 1856
Chantell 1964
see also Chantell 1966
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Urodela
Siren sp. Linnaeus 1766
Holman and Voorhies 1985
Cryptobranchus mccalli n. sp. Tihen and Chantell 1963
synonym of Andrias matthewi
Ambystoma minshalli n. sp. Tihen and Chantell 1963
Acipenseriformes - Acipenseridae
Acipenser sp. Linnaeus 1758
Voorhies 1990
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Nebraska County:Brown
Coordinates: 42.8° North, 100.0° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:43.3° North, 96.8° West
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Altitude:661 meters
Geographic resolution:small collection
Time
Period:Neogene Epoch:Miocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 5
*Period:Tertiary
Key time interval:Barstovian
Age range of interval:16.30000 - 12.50000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Geological group:Ogallala Formation:Valentine Member:Cornell Dam
Local section:ValAH Local bed:1
Local order:bottom to top
Stratigraphic resolution:group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: Hurlbut Ash in CD Mbr. dated at 11.6 +/- 1.1 (recalibrated from 13.6 +/- 1.3) Ma FT on glass; this date is anomalous and the recalibration was never justified
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:"cross stratification" unlithified sandstone
Lithology description: "buff-colored, loose, and completely unconsolidated, crossbedded channel sands of fine to medium texture" (Tihen and Chantell 1963)
Environment:"channel"
Geology comments: "channel deposit" (Chantell 1964)
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:bulk,selective quarrying,sieve
Collection size:4288 specimens
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Museum repositories:UMMP,UNSM,USNM
Collectors:J. A. Holman, M. Voorhies Collection dates:1960, 1962, 1971 (MSU), 1974 - 1979 (MSU), 1981
Collection method comments: additional specimens are in the Michigan State University collection, which was obtained from "a five ton sample of matrix" (Holman 1973)
Taxonomic list comments:NISP not completely clear; NISP 3396 for "large" specimens from five main quarries (clearly almost all mammals), and NISP 892 for screenwashed mammals in four screened samples (may include unidentifiable specimens), for a total of about 4288
Metadata
Also known as:UNSM Bw-106
Database number:18284
Authorizer:J. Alroy, J. Marcot, C. Bell, P. Mannion, M. Carrano, M. Uhen Enterer:J. Alroy, M. Uhen, P. Mannion, M. Carrano, J. Marcot, C. Bell
Modifier:M. Carrano Research group:vertebrate
Created:1992-08-05 00:00:00 Last modified:2018-02-05 15:19:17
Access level:the public Released:1992-08-05 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
25657. J. A. Tihen and C. J. Chantell. 1963. Urodele remains from the Valentine Formation of Nebraska. Copeia 1963(3):505-510 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]

Secondary references:

6294 J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari]
26812 J. Alroy. 2008. Synonymies, reidentifications, and other arbitrary pronouncements mostly concerning fossil vertebrates. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
75080 J. J. Becker. 1987. Neogene Avian Localities of North America 1-171 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
7555 C. J. Chantell. 1964. Some Mio-Pliocene hylids from the Valentine Formation of Nebraska. American Midland Naturalist 72(1):211-225 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
25726 C. J. Chantell. 1966. Late Cenozoic hylids from the Great Plains. Herpetologica 22(4):259-264 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
7565 R. Estes and J. A. Tihen. 1964. Lower vertebrates from the Valentine Formation of Nebraska. American Midland Naturalist 72(2):453-472 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
1467 R. L. Evander. 1999. Rodents and lagomorphs (Mammalia) from the Railway Quarries local fauna (Miocene, Barstovian) of Nebraska. Paludicola 2(3):240-256 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
45289 J. A. Holman. 1964. Fossil snakes from the Valentine Formation of Nebraska. Copeia 1964(4):631-637 [J. Head/J. Head]
706 J. A. Holman. 1973. New amphibians and reptiles from the Norden Bridge fauna (Upper Miocene) of Nebraska. Michigan Academician 6:149-163 [J. Alroy/M. Sommers/J. Alroy]
778 J. A. Holman. 1982. New herpetological species and records from the Norden Bridge fauna (Miocene: Late Barstovian) of Nebraska. Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences 10:31-36 [J. Alroy/M. Sommers/J. Alroy]
23546 J. A. Holman. 2002. Additional specimens of the Miocene turtle Emydoidea hutchisoni Holman 1995: new temporal occurrences, taxonomic characters, and phylogenetic inferences. Journal of Herpetology 36(3):436-446 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
24970 J. A. Holman and U. Fritz. 2001. A new emydine species from the Medial Miocene (Barstovian) of Nebraska, USA with a new generic arrangement for the species of Clemmys sensu McDowell (1964) (Reptilia: Testudines: Emydidae). Zoologische Abhandlungen: Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde Dresden 51(19):321-343 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
12940 J. A. Holman and M. Tanimoto. 2004. cf. Trimeresurus Lacépède (Reptilia: Squamata: Viperidae: Crotalinae) from the late Early Miocene of Japan. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 47(1):1-7 [J. Head/J. Head/J. Head]
25662 J. A. Holman and M. R. Voorhies. 1985. Siren (Caudata: Sirenidae) from the Barstovian Miocene of Nebraska. Copeia 1985(1):264-266 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
1977 R. M. Hunt, Jr. 1998. Amphicyonidae. 196-227 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
7564 D. Klingener. 1968. Rodents of the Mio-Pliocene Norden Bridge local fauna, Nebraska. American Midland Naturalist 80(1):65-74 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
2108 W. W. Korth. 1987. Sciurid rodents (Mammalia) from the Chadronian and Orellan (Oligocene) of Nebraska. Journal of Paleontology 61(6):1247-1255 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
2132 W. W. Korth. 1997. A new subfamily of primitive pocket mice (Rodentia, Heteromyidae) from the middle Tertiary of North America. Paludicola 1(2):33-66 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
2143 W. W. Korth. 2000. Review of Miocene (Hemingfordian to Clarendonian) mylagaulid rodents (Mammalia) from Nebraska. Annals of Carnegie Museum 69(4):227-280 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
2151 W. W. Korth and R. E. Reynolds. 1994. A hypsodont gopher (Rodentia, Geomyidae) from the Clarendonian (Miocene) of California. San Bernardino County Museum Association Special Publication 94-1:91-95 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
4320 A. J. Mead. 1999. Teleoceras minor (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae) from the Miocene of Nebraska. Proceedings of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences 109:76 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
51726 D. R. Prothero. 2005. The Evolution of North American Rhinoceroses. 1-218 [J. Marcot/J. Marcot]
3503 M. R. Voorhies. 1990. Vertebrate paleontology of the proposed Norden Reservoir Area, Brown, Cherry and Keya Paha counties, Nebraska. Technical Report, Division of Archeological Research, Department of Anthropology, University of Nebraska 82-09 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
3510 M. R. Voorhies. 1990. Vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Ogallala Group in Nebraska. In T. C. Gustavson (ed.), Geologic Framework and Regional Hydrology: Upper Cenozoic Blackwater Draw and Ogallala Formations, Great Plains 115-151 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
43537 C. F. Wellstead. 1982. Lizards from the lower Valentine Formation (Miocene) of northern Nebraska. Journal of Herpetology 16(4):364-375 [C. Bell/C. Bell/C. Bell]
72834 E. T. Whiting and J. J. Head. 2020. Neogene crocodylians from the Central Great Plains: spatiotemporal histories and relationships with regional climatic and environmental changes. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 40(1):e1764007:1-14 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
3755 M. O. Woodburne. 1996. Reappraisal of the Cormohipparion from the Valentine Formation, Nebraska. American Museum Novitates 3163:1-56 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]