Chris's Bonebed (CBB): Late/Upper Maastrichtian, Montana
collected by C. West 1977–1978
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Amphibia
- Temnospondyli
- Discoglossidae
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Discoglossidae informal sp. C
Günther 1859
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1 specimen | |||||||||
| maxilla | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
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Ankylosauria indet.
Osborn 1923
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1 specimen | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Ceratopsidae
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Triceratops prorsus
Marsh 1890
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Reptilia
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Thescelosaurus neglectus
Gilmore 1913
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4 specimens | |||||||||
| MPM 4377 | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
- Hadrosauridae
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Anatosaurus copei
Lull and Wright 1942
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2 individuals | |||||||||
| synonym of Edmontosaurus annectens | ||||||||||
| MPM 4441, 4442 | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
- Theropoda
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Megalosauridae indet.
(Fitzinger 1843)
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= Theropoda indet.
Marsh 1881
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Carrano 2025 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Dromaeosauridae
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Dromaeosauridae indet.
Colbert and Russell 1969
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7 specimens | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Tyrannosauridae
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Tyrannosaurus rex
Osborn 1905
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5 specimens | |||||||||
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cf. Gorgosaurus lancensis
Gilmore 1946
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5 specimens | |||||||||
| synonym of Tyrannosaurus rex | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
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Leidyosuchus sternbergi
(Gilmore 1910)
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| recombined as Borealosuchus sternbergii | ||||||||||
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Champsosaurus sp.
Cope 1876
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12 specimens | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Testudines
- Trionychidae
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Trionyx sp.
Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1809
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= Trionychidae indet.
Gray 1825
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Alroy 2009 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Testudines
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Chelonia indet.
(Latreille 1800)
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| synonym of Testudines | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
- Baenidae
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? Baenidae indet.
Cope 1882
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Mammalia
- Multituberculata
- Taeniolabididae
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Catopsalis joyneri
Sloan and Van Valen 1965
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2 specimens | |||||||||
| recombined as Valenopsalis joyneri | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Procreodi
- Arctocyonidae
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Protungulatum gorgun
Van Valen 1978
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2 specimens | |||||||||
| MPM 4445, 4446 | ||||||||||
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Actinopteri
- Amiiformes
- Amiidae
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Amia fragosa
Jordan 1927
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2 specimens | |||||||||
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Actinopteri
- Lepisosteiformes
- Lepisosteidae
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Lepisosteus sp.
Agassiz 1843
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Chondrichthyes
- Rajiformes
- Rhinobatidae
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Myledaphus bipartitus
Cope 1876
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2 specimens | |||||||||
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Chondrichthyes
- Hybodontiformes
- Lonchidiidae
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Lonchidion selachos
Estes 1964
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1 specimen | |||||||||
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unclassified
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Plantae indet.
Haeckel 1866
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| carbonized logs | ||||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | United States | State/province: | Montana | County: | McCone |
| Coordinates: | 47.8° North, 106.1° West (view map) | ||||
| Paleocoordinates: | 54.4° North, 79.0° West | ||||
| Basis of coordinate: | stated in text | ||||
| Geographic resolution: | small collection |
Time
| Period: | Cretaceous | Epoch: | Late/Upper Cretaceous |
| Stage: | Maastrichtian | 10 m.y. bin: | Cretaceous 8 |
| *Period: | Tertiary | *Epoch: | Paleocene |
| Key time interval: | Late/Upper Maastrichtian | ||
| Age range of interval: | 72.10000 - 66.00000 m.y. ago | ||
| * legacy (obsolete) database fields | |||
Stratigraphy
| Formation: | Hell Creek | ||||
| Stratigraphic resolution: | bed | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: approx 35 m below base of "Z coal", high in Hell Creek Formation | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | gray,yellow argillaceous,sandy conglomerate |
| Includes fossils? | Y |
| Lithology description: "The primary fossil-bearing facies, unit 3, is a heterogeneous yellowish-gray intraformational clay-pebble conglomerate...The clay pebbles are mostly autochthonous siltstone, rounded, and held in a fine- to medium-grained sandstone matrix." | |
| Environment: | crevasse splay |
| Geology comments: "sheet wash" | |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Degree of concentration: | concentrated |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils,mesofossils |
| Spatial orientation: | preferred |
| Associated major elements: | some |
| Disassociated major elements: | some |
| Disassociated minor elements: | some |
| Temporal resolution: | snapshot |
| Spatial resolution: | parautochthonous |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection methods: | surface (float),surface (in situ),mechanical,field collection | ||
| Rock censused: | 3600 cm2 (area) | ||
| Reason for describing collection: | general faunal/floral analysis | ||
| Collectors: | C. West | Collection dates: | 1977–1978 |
Metadata
| Also known as: | MPM 2256 | ||
| Database number: | 14674 | ||
| Authorizer: | J. Alroy, M. Carrano | Enterer: | J. Alroy, M. Carrano |
| Modifier: | M. Carrano | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Created: | 2002-05-15 00:00:00 | Last modified: | 2017-08-30 10:09:14 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2002-05-15 00:00:00 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 2333. | C. Lupton, D. Gabriel, and R. M. West. 1980. Paleobiology and depositional setting of a Late Cretaceous vertebrate locality, Hell Creek Formation, McCone County, Montana. Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming 18(2):117-126 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Carrano] |
Secondary references:
| 29343 | J. Alroy. 2009. High-handed opinions on taxonomy and other matters. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
| 14199 | ETE | M. T. Carrano. 2025. Taxonomic opinions on the Dinosauria. [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |
| 63164 | D. Gabriel and C. Lupton. 1980. Dig-a-Dinosaur. Lore 30(2):24-30 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano] |