Gardinier Mine: Late/Upper Hemphillian - Zanclean, Florida

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Subantilocapra garciae
Webb et al. 2008
Reptilia - Pelecaniformes - Pelecanidae
Pelecanus schreiberi Olson 1999
Olson 1999 2 specimens
Reptilia - Testudines - Cheloniidae
Eretmochelys sp. Fitzinger 1843
Dodd and Morgan 1992
Caretta sp. Rafinesque 1814
Dodd and Morgan 1992
Reptilia - Testudines - Chelydridae
Macrochelys sp. Gray 1856
Thomas et al. 2014
Reptilia - Testudines
Chelonia sp. (Latreille 1800)
Dodd and Morgan 1992
synonym of Testudines
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Rhynchotherium edense
Webb et al. 2008
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Tapiridae
Tapirus polkensis (Olsen 1960)
Hulbert et al. 2009
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Nannippus minor (Sellards 1916)
Hulbert 1993
    = Nannippus westoni Simpson 1930
Alroy 2002
replaces ID of Berta and Morgan 1985
Cormohipparion emsliei Hulbert 1988
Hulbert 1988
    = Hippotherium emsliei Hulbert 1988
Alroy 2002
original and current combination Cormohipparion emsliei
Hulbert 1988c
Mammalia - Cetacea - Iniidae
Goniodelphis hudsoni Allen 1941
Morgan 1994
Mammalia - Cetacea
Hadrodelphis sp. Kellogg 1966
Morgan 1994
Balaenoptera floridana Kellogg 1944
Morgan 1994
invalid subgroup of Mysticeti
Mammalia - Gelocidae
Floridameryx floridanus Webb 2008
Webb 2008
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Rhizosmilodon fiteae n. gen., n. sp. Wallace and Hulbert 2013
Wallace and Hulbert 2013
Machairodus cf. coloradensis Cook 1922
Webb et al. 2008
recombined as Amphimachairodus coloradensis
Lynx rexroadensis (Stephens 1959)
Webb et al. 2008
original and current combination Felis rexroadensis
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae
Borophagus hilli (Johnston 1939)
also at Whidden Creek
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mustelidae
Enhydritherium terraenovae Berta and Morgan 1985
Berta and Morgan 1985
(4 measurements)
Mammalia - Carnivora - Odobenidae
Trichecodon huxleyi Lankester 1865
Morgan 1994
synonym of Ontocetus emmonsi
Mammalia - Carnivora - Phocidae
Phocanella pumila Van Beneden 1876
Morgan 1994
Pliophoca etrusca Tavani 1941
Koretsky and Ray 2008
    = Monachinae indet. Trouessart 1897
Berta et al. 2015
Homiphoca capensis (Hendey and Repenning 1972)
Koretsky and Ray 2008
Callophoca obscura Van Beneden 1876
Morgan 1994
nomen dubium belonging to Callophoca
Mammalia - Rodentia - Sciuridae
Miopetaurista webbi (Robertson 1976)
Webb et al. 2008
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Hypolagus ringoldensis Gustafson 1978
Webb et al. 2008
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Florida County:Polk
Coordinates: 27.9° North, 81.8° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:28.1° North, 80.3° West
Basis of coordinate:based on political unit
Time
Period:Neogene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 6
*Period:Tertiary *Epoch:Miocene
Key time interval:Late/Upper Hemphillian - Zanclean
Age range of interval:9.40000 - 3.60000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Geological group:Hawthorn Formation:Peace River Member:Bone Valley
Stratigraphic resolution:formation
Stratigraphy comments: latest Hemphillian; upper beds
By contrast, the Palmetto Fauna has been correlated with the latest Hemphillian (5.8–4.9 Ma [54]), and likely the earliest Pliocene (starting at 5.3 Ma) based on sea-level data [60]. (Marx & Fordyce, 2015)
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:pebbly,phosphatic argillaceous,sandy sandstone
Includes fossils?Y
Environment:marginal marine indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes:some genera
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Taxonomic list comments:probably includes some records from Rick's Pump Site
Palmetto Fauna
Metadata
Also known as:Whidden Creek
Database number:18535
Authorizer:J. Alroy, J. Bloch, M. Uhen Enterer:J. Alroy, R. Hulbert, M. Uhen, N. Pyenson
Modifier:B. Allen Research group:vertebrate
Created:1993-09-27 00:00:00 Last modified:2023-07-29 09:50:56
Access level:the public Released:1993-09-27 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
3558. X. Wang, R. H. Tedford, and B. E. Taylor. 1999. Phylogenetic systematics of the Borophaginae (Carnivora: Canidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 243:1-392 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]

Secondary references:

6294 J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari]
54184 A. Berta, S. Kienle, G. Bianucci and S. Sorbi. 2015. A reevaluation of Pliophoca etrusca (Pinnipedia, Phocidae) from the Pliocene of Italy: phylogenetic and biogeographic implications. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology e889144 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
1066 A. Berta and G. S. Morgan. 1985. A new sea otter (Carnivora: Mustelidae) from the late Miocene and early Pliocene (Hemphillian) of North America. Journal of Paleontology 59(4):809-819 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
739 C. K. Dodd, Jr. and G. S. Morgan. 1992. Fossil sea turtles from the early Pliocene Bone Valley Formation, central Florida. Journal of Herpetology 26(1):1-8 [J. Alroy/M. Sommers/M. Uhen]
50347 R. C. Hulbert, S. C. Wallace, W. W. Klippel and P. W. Parmalee. 2009. Cranial morphology and systematics of an extraordinary sample of the late Neogene dwarf tapir, Tapirus polkensis (Olsen). Journal of Paleontology 83(2):238-262 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert]
1950 R. C. Hulbert, Jr. 1988. A new Cormohipparion (Mammalia, Equidae) from the Pliocene (latest Hemphillian and Blancan) of Florida. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 7(4):451-468 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/R. Hulbert]
1953 R. C. Hulbert, Jr. 1993. Late Miocene Nannippus (Mammalia: Perissodactyla) from Florida, with a description of the smallest Hipparionine horse. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 13(3):350-366 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
26241 I. A. Koretsky and C. E. Ray. 2008. Phocidae of the Pliocene of eastern USA. Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication 14:81-140 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
55050 F. G. Marx and R. E. Fordyce. 2015. Baleen boom and bust: a synthesis of mysticete phylogeny, diversity and disparity. Royal Society Open Science 2:140434 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
2613 G. S. Morgan. 1994. Miocene and Pliocene marine mammal faunas from the Bone Valley Formation of central Florida. Contributions in Marine Mammal Paleontology Honoring Frank C. Whitmore Jr., Proceedings of the San Diego Society of Natural History 29:239-268 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
57790 S. L. Olson. 1999. A new species of pelican (Aves: Pelecanidae) from the Lower Pliocene of North Carolina and Florida. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 112(3):503-509 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
50686 T. M. Thomas, M. C. Granatosky, J. R. Bourque, K. L. Krysko, P. E. Moler, T. Gamble, E. Suarez, E. Leone, K. M. Enge and J. Roman. 2014. Taxonomic assessment of alligator snapping turtles (Chelydridae: Macrochelys), with the description of two new species from the southeastern United States. Zootaxa 3786(2):141-165 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert]
12672 S. C. Wallace and R. C. Hulbert. 2013. A New Machairodont from the Palmetto Fauna (Early Pliocene) of Florida, with Comments on the Origin of the Smilodontini (Mammalia, Carnivora, Felidae). PLoS One 8(3):e561734 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
36064 S. D. Webb. 2008. Revision of the extinct Pseudoceratinae (Artiodactyla: Ruminantia: Gelocidae). Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 48(2):17-58 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
50333 S. D. Webb, R. C. Hulbert, G. S. Morgan and H.F. Evans. 2008. Terrestrial mammals of the Palmetto Fauna (early Pliocene, latest Hemphillian) from the Central Florida Phosphate District. In X. Wang and L. G. Barnes (eds.), Geology and Vertebrate Paleontology of Western and Southern North America: Contributions in Honor of David P. Whistler (41)293-312 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert]