Where: Baden-Württemberg, Germany (48.4° N, 9.9° E: paleocoordinates 48.5° N, 8.2° E)
• coordinate estimated from map
• small collection-level geographic resolution
When: Grimmelfinger Schichten Member (Brackwater Molasse Formation), Burdigalian (20.4 - 16.0 Ma)
• basal Grimmelfingen beds ("Grimmelfinger Graupensande"), late Early Miocene, Middle Orleanian (Sach & Heizmann, 2001)
•
•Pippèrr et al. 2007: Biostratigraphical studies based on otoliths and small mammals suggest that the Upper Brackish Molasse is Late Ottnangian in age (e.g. ZIEGLER & FAHLBUSCH 1986; REICHENBACHER et al. 2004). Adding support to this age estimate is the positive correlation of the Upper Brackish Molasse with the sediments in Switzerland and the Rzehakia Beds of the Central Paratethys (SENES 1973; REICHENBACHER et al. 1998).
• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution
Environment/lithology: estuary or bay; unlithified, fine-grained, coarse, sandy gravel and poorly lithified, black, brown, calcareous, carbonaceous mudstone
•The fossils are exclusively from the gravely beds.
Size class: macrofossils
Preservation: original phosphate
Reposited in the SMNS
Collection methods: sieve
• the sand pit was active in the 1970s and 1980s; fossil collecting must have taken place in this period
•the fossiliferous layer is not accessible anymore
•additional institution housing material from Egg.-Mh. 3: Museum des Mineralien- u. Fossilien-Vereins Gerstetten (MFVG)
Primary reference: G. Pilleri. 1986. The Cetacea of the Western Paratethys 1-70 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]more details
Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis
PaleoDB collection 49102: authorized by Mark Uhen, entered by Mark Uhen on 08.04.2005
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
Chondrichthyes | |
Hemipristis serra Agassiz 1835 ground shark | |
Galeocerdo aduncus Agassiz 1835 tiger shark | |
"Carcharias cuspidatus" = Araloselachus cuspidatus
"Carcharias cuspidatus" = Araloselachus cuspidatus Agassiz 1843 sand tiger shark | |
Carcharias crassidens sand shark
Carcharias acutissimus Agassiz 1843 sand shark | |
"Isurus hastalis" = Carcharodon hastalis
"Isurus hastalis" = Carcharodon hastalis Agassiz 1838 white shark | |
Actinopteri | |
Perciformes indet. Bleeker 1859 perch-like fish | |
Sparidae indet. Cuvier 1817 | |
Amphibia | |
Andrias scheuchzeri Tschudi 1837 giant salamander | |
Reptilia | |
Gavialosuchus sp. Toula and Kail 1885 crocodilian | |
Trionyx sp. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1809 softshell turtle | |
Ptychogaster sp. Pomel 1847 turtle | |
Geochelone sp. Fitzinger 1835 turtle
Testudo sp. Linnaeus 1758 turtle | |
Mammalia | |
"Deinotherium bavaricum" = Prodeinotherium bavaricum
"Deinotherium bavaricum" = Prodeinotherium bavaricum von Meyer 1831 deinothere | |
Gomphotherium cf. angustidens Burmeister 1837 gomphothere | |
Metaxytherium cf. medium Desmarest 1822 dugong | |
Steneofiber depereti Mayet 1908 beaver | |
Cynelos cf. helbingi Dehm 1950 bear-dog
Thaumastocyoninae indet. Hurzeller 1940 bear-dog | |
Mustelidae indet. Fischer 1817 mustelid carnivore | |
"Pseudaelurus cf. lorteti" = Miopanthera lorteti
"Pseudaelurus cf. lorteti" = Miopanthera lorteti Gaillard 1899 cat | |
Hyainailouros sulzeri Biedermann 1863 creodont | |
Procervulus cf. dichotomus Gervais 1849 deer | |
Palaeomeryx kaupi von Meyer 1834 ruminant | |
cf. Ligeromeryx praestans Stehlin 1937 ruminant | |
Amphimoschus pontileviensis Bourgeois 1873 ruminant | |
Dorcatherium naui Kaup 1833 chevrotain
Dorcatherium vindobonense von Meyer 1846 chevrotain
cf. Dorcatherium guntianum von Meyer 1846 chevrotain | |
Bunolistriodon aff. latidens, Aureliachoerus aurelianensis, Hyotherium soemmeringi, Hyotherium cf. meissneri
Hyotherium soemmeringi von Meyer 1834 pig | |
| |
Odontoceti indet. Flower 1867 toothed whale | |
"Acrodelphidae indet." = Acrodelphinidae
"Acrodelphidae indet." = Acrodelphinidae Abel 1905 toothed whale | |
Squalodontidae indet. Brandt 1873 toothed whale | |
Physeteridae indet. Gray 1821 sperm whale | |
Scaldicetus sp. Du Bus 1867 toothed whale | |
Paratapirus cf. intermedius Filhol 1885 tapir | |
Prosantorhinus cf. douvillei, cf. Prosantorhinus germanicus, cf. Diaceratherium aurelianense, Plesiaceratherium lumiarense
Prosantorhinus cf. douvillei Osborn 1902 rhinoceros
cf. Prosantorhinus germanicus Wang 1929 rhinoceros
cf. Diaceratherium aurelianense Nouel 1866 rhinoceros
Plesiaceratherium lumiarense Antunes and Ginsburg 1983 rhinoceros | |
Gastropoda | |
Viviparus suevicus Wenz 1919 snail | |
Cepaea sp. Held 1838 slug | |
Bivalvia | |
cf. Unio sp. Philipsson 1788 freshwater mussel |