Santa Cruz Formation (Miocene of Argentina)
Where: Santa Cruz, Argentina (50.0° S, 70.0° W: paleocoordinates 50.6° S, 64.4° W)
• coordinate estimated from map
• basin-level geographic resolution
When: Santa Cruz Formation, Santacrucian (17.5 - 16.3 Ma)
Environment/lithology: terrestrial; lithology not reported
Size class: macrofossils
Primary reference: A. M. Albino. 1996. Snakes from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina) Part II: The Colubroidea. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 200(3):353-360 [J. Head/J. Head/J. Alroy]more details
Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis
PaleoDB collection 27313: authorized by Jason Head, entered by Jason Head on 01.12.2002, edited by Mark Uhen, Jelle Zijlstra, Miranta Kouvari and Edward Medeiros
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
Show authors, comments, and common names
| Reptilia | |
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Colubridae indet. Oppel 1811 colubrid snake | |
| Aves | |
"Liptornis hesternus" = Anhinga hesterna5
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"Palaeospheniscus antarcticus" = Paraptenodytes antarcticus13
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Opisthodactylus patagonicus5 Ameghino 1891 rhea BMNH-A 586, distal tarsometatarsi and phalanges; BMNH-A 587, symphysis, distal tibiotarsi; BMNH-A 588, distal tarsometarsus fragments
Opisthodactylus patagonicus6 Ameghino 1891 rhea MPM-PV 18903 and MPM-PV 18904 (postcranial elements; distal ends of left tibiotarsi)
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Eutelornis patagonicus5 Ameghino 1894 waterfowl BMNH-A596, distal end of humerus and proximal tibiotarsus
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"Phororhacos longissimus" = Phorusrhacos longissimus13, "Darwinornis socialis n. sp." = Phorusrhacos longissimus13, "Darwinornis copei n. gen. n. sp." = Phorusrhacos longissimus13, "Owenornis affinis n. gen. n. sp." = Phorusrhacos longissimus13, "Mesembriornis quatrefragesi n. sp." = Phorusrhacos longissimus13, "Darwinornis zitteli n. sp." = Phorusrhacos longissimus13, "Owenornis lydekkeri n. sp." = Phorusrhacos longissimus13, "Stereornis rollieri n. gen. n. sp." = Phorusrhacos longissimus13, Psilopterus sp.6, "Psilopterus lemoinei" = Psilopterus lemoinei6, "Psilopterus australis n. sp." = Psilopterus lemoinei13, Psilopterus intermedius n. sp.13, Psilopterus communis n. gen. n. sp.13, "Patagornis bachmanni n. sp." = Psilopterus bachmanni13, "Patagornis marshi n. gen. n. sp." = Patagornis marshi13, "Palaeociconia cristata n. sp." = Patagornis marshi13
Psilopterus sp.6 Moreno and Mercerat 1891 terror bird MPM-PV 18901 (postcranial elements; fragments of tibiotarsus, tarsometatarsus)
"Psilopterus lemoinei" = Psilopterus lemoinei6 Moreno and Mercerat 1891 terror bird MPM-PV 18897 (postcranial elements including long-bone fragments)
"Patagornis marshi n. gen. n. sp." = Patagornis marshi13 Moreno and Mercerat 1891 terror bird BMNH-A516, partial skeleton (ref. 58178)
"Palaeociconia cristata n. sp." = Patagornis marshi13 Moreno and Mercerat 1891 terror bird originally stated to be from the Eocene, but almost certainly Miocene
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| Mammalia | |
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Hegetotherium mirabile4 Ameghino 1887 notoungulate AMNH 9159, cranium and mandible; YPM-VPPU 15298, mandible, tibia; 15395, tibia
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Protypotherium sp.4, Protypotherium praeutilium15, Protypotherium australe4, Protypotherium australe15, "Interatherium robustum" = Interatherium extensus4
"Interatherium robustum" = Interatherium extensus4 Fernández et al. 2023 notoungulate YPM-VPPU 15100, cranium, mandible; 15108, humerus, ulna, tibia; 15554, mandible; 15401, cranium, mandible, humerus, ulna, femur, tibia
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Adinotherium sp.4, Adinotherium sp.15, "Adinotherium ovinum" = Adinotherium ovinum15, "Adinotherium robustum" = Adinotherium ovinum4, Nesodon sp.4, Nesodon imbricatus4
"Adinotherium ovinum" = Adinotherium ovinum15 Owen 1846 notoungulate P12066, P13098, P13104, P13107, P13108, P13110, P13231, UC1508, YPM-PU 16033
Nesodon imbricatus4 Owen 1846 notoungulate AMNH 9192, mandible, humerus, ulna; YPM-VPPU 15132, ulna; 15141, cranium; 15256, cranium, mandible, humerus, ulna; 15260, mandible
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"Homunculus patagonicus" = Homunculus patagonicus8, "Anthropops perfectus n. gen. n. sp." = Homunculus patagonicus8
"Homunculus patagonicus" = Homunculus patagonicus8 Ameghino 1891 monkey MLP 66-V-2-2, mandibular fragment with i2, c, p2-3 roots, broken p4, broken m1; MLP 11-121, left dp4-m1, unerupted p4
"Anthropops perfectus n. gen. n. sp." = Homunculus patagonicus8 Ameghino 1891 monkey MACN-A 635, symphysis with roots of left and right i1-2 and right p2-3, alveoli for left and right canines, right p4 in situ, holotype. Ref. 58226 state that the specimen comes from one of the coastal localities of the Santa Cruz Fm; ref. 47173 lists it as from near the city of Río Gallegos
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Acarechimys minutissimus2 Ameghino 1887 caviomorph MACN-A 256 (syntype of Acaremys minutissimus) MACN-A 257 (syntype of Acaremys minutissimus) MACN-A 258 (syntype of Acaremys minutissimus), MLP 15-1, MLP 15-1, MACN-A 4089, MACN-A 4088, MACN-A 4079 MACN-A 4080 MACN-A4081 MACN-A 4083 MACN-A 4084 MACN-A 4085 MACN-A 4086 MACN-A 4087, MACN-A 4076 MACN-A 4077
Acarechimys minutus2 Patterson and Pascual 1967 caviomorph MACN-A 237 (syntype of Acaremys minutus) MACN-A 238 (syntype of Acaremys minutus), MACN-A 4082, , MLP 82-XII-1-31
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"Acarechimys constans" = Ameghinomys constans2
"Acarechimys constans" = Ameghinomys constans2 Ameghino 1887 chinchilla rat MLP 15-57 (syntype of Stichomys constans), MACN-A 247 (syntype of Stichomys constans)
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Proeutatus sp.16, Stenotatus sp.16, Stenotatus patagonicus16, Stenotatus hesternus16, Prozaedyus proximus16
Proeutatus sp.16 Ameghino 1891 edentate MACN-A 1063, humerus; MLP 69-IX-8-11, near-complete skeleton
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Myrmecophagidae indet.3, "Protamandua rothi n. gen. n. sp." = Protamandua rothi12, "Promyrmephagus euryarthrus n. gen. n. sp." = Protamandua rothi12, "Promyrmephagus dolichoarthrus n. sp." = Protamandua rothi12
"Protamandua rothi n. gen. n. sp." = Protamandua rothi12 Ameghino 1904 edentate MACN-A 10901b, calcaneum
"Promyrmephagus euryarthrus n. gen. n. sp." = Protamandua rothi12 Ameghino 1904 edentate MACN-A 11530, astragalus
"Promyrmephagus dolichoarthrus n. sp." = Protamandua rothi12 Ameghino 1904 edentate MLP ? right astragalus (now lost), cast = MACN A-4621b
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Prothylacynus patagonicus9, "Borhyaena tuberata" = Borhyaena tuberata14, "Borhyaena zitteli n. sp." = Borhyaena tuberata7, Arctodictis munizi7
Prothylacynus patagonicus9 Ameghino 1891 metatherian BM(NH) M8075, partial maxilla with teeth; MACN 11540, dentary left and right m2-4
"Borhyaena tuberata" = Borhyaena tuberata14 Ameghino 1887 metatherian Ref. 58202: YPM-VPPU 15701, from "South of Río Coyle". Ref. 58303: MACN A 6238, partial skull, mandible, and postcrania; 9342-3, jaw fragments; 9344, skull; MACN unnumbered, maxillary fragment; MACN unnumbered, both hemimandibles
"Borhyaena zitteli n. sp." = Borhyaena tuberata7 Ameghino 1887 metatherian MACN A 6238, skull fragment, holotype
Arctodictis munizi7 Mercerat 1891 metatherian MLP 11-65, skull and mandible; MLP 11-81, left m4; MLP 11-89, right m2
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Cladosictis patagonica10 Ameghino 1887 metatherian MLP 11-100, dentary p2; MLP 11-13, dentary p1-m4; MLP 11-63, dentary m1-4; MLP 11-68, dentary p1; MLP 11-87, maxilla M2-3
Sipalocyon gracilis10 Ameghino 1887 metatherian MLP 11-105, c and m1-2; MLP 11-76, dentary m2; MLP 11-77, dentary m3; MLP 11-41, dentary p1, p3
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Microbiotherium tehuelchum n. sp.11
Microbiotherium tehuelchum n. sp.11 Ameghino 1887 marsupial MLP 11-36, right dentary with p2-m, neotype; PU 15038, maxilla M2-3, dentary c-m3, postcrania, skull fragment; MLP 11-35, dentary p2-m3; MLP 58-IX-3-4, partial skull
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Abderites meridionalis1 Ameghino 1887 marsupial MACN-A 2031, dentary m2; 2032, dentary m2-4; 2033, dentary m2-4; 2034, dentary m1-3; MLP 11-109, dentary m1-2; 11-133, dentary m2-3; 55-XII-13-144, dentary m2; MACN 11651, dentary p3-m4
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1Abello et al. 2012; 2Arnal et al. 2017; 3Bargo et al. 2012; 4Cassini et al. 2012; 5Degrange et al. 2012; 6Diederle and Noriega 2019; 7Forasiepi et al. 2004; 8Kay et al. 2012; 9Marshall 1979; 10Marshall 1981; 11Marshall 1982; 12McDonald et al. 2008; 13Moreno and Mercerat 1891; 14Prevosti et al. 2012; 15Townsend and Croft 2008; 16Vizcaíno et al. 2012