Angeac-Charente (Cretaceous of France)

Where: Poitou-Charentes, France (45.6° N, 0.1° E: paleocoordinates 36.5° N, 9.8° E)

• coordinate estimated from map

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Berriasian (145.0 - 139.8 Ma)

• "Gardonian". Original stratigraphy used layers An1 to An5, top to bottom: An 1 (fine sand), An 2 (calcareous), An 3 (calcareous conglomerate), An 4 (lignitic clay), and An 5 (green clay). These were redefined in 2020 with a new system, bottom to top, so that: An 5 = Unit 1; An 4 is split into Unit 2 (sandy clay) and Unit 3 (lignitic clay with lenses); An 2 + An 3 = Unit 4. An 5 is no longer present. The bonebed represents units 2, 3, and 4.

•From Allain et al. 2022: The recently proposed earliest Cretaceous (Berriasian) age of the Angeac-Charente locality, based on both charophytes and palynomorphs (Benoit et al. 2017; Polette et al. 2018), is here confirmed by the vertebrate fauna.

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: mire or swamp; gray, blue, sandy, carbonaceous claystone and intraclastic, gray, blue, calcareous conglomerate

• "deposition in subtropical to tropical conditions" "accumulated mainly in freshwater" - progressive flooding of a swamp.
• An1: "fine white to greyish sand"; An2: "beige to yellow and grey calcareous deposits with irregular stratification and both lateral and vertical transitions between marls and limestones"; An3: calcareous conglomerate with a blue-grey to beige grainstone matrix and whitish limestone clasts embedded in it"; An4: blue-grey lignitic clay"

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collected by Néraudeau et al. in 2008–2018

Collection methods: bulk, quarrying, mechanical, sieve,

Primary reference: D. Néraudeau, R. Allain, M. Ballèvre, D. J. Batten, E. Buffetaut, J. P. Colin, M. P. Dabard, V. Daviero-Gomez, A. El Albani, B. Gomez, D. Grosheny, J. Le Loeuff, A. Leprince, C. Martín-Closas, E. Masure, J.-M. Mazin, M. Phillipe, J. Pouech, H. Tong, J. F. Tournepiche, and R. Vullo. 2012. The Hautevarian–Barremian lignitic bone bed of Angeac (Charente, south-west France): stratigraphical, palaeobiological and palaeogeographical implications. Cretaceous Research 37(1):1-14 [P. Mannion/J. Tennant/P. Mannion]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 142093: authorized by Philip Mannion, entered by Jonathan Tennant on 05.04.2013, edited by Matthew Carrano, Evangelos Vlachos and Philip Mannion

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

unclassified
  -
Foraminifera
 Involutinina - Trocholinidae
Equisetopsida
 Pinidae - Pinidae
Agathoxylon sp. Hartig 1848
Algae
  - Zygnemataceae
Lecaniella sp.3 Cookson and Eisenack 1962
Ovoidites parvus3 Nakoman 1966
 Coniferales - Cupressaceae
Protocupressinoxylon sp. Eckhold 1921 cypress
 Charales - Porocharaceae
Porochara sp. Maedler 1955
 Charales -
 Charales - Characea
Mesochara sp. Grambast 1962
 Charales - Characeae
"Sphaerochara aff. verticillata" = Peckisphaera verticillata
"Sphaerochara aff. verticillata" = Peckisphaera verticillata Peck 1937
Nodosoclavator
  -
Bryozoa
 Bryozoa -
Bryozoa indet.3 bryozoan
debris
Ostracoda
 Podocopida - Limnocytheridae
 Podocopida - Cyprididae
Cypridea sp. Bosquet 1852 ostracod
Two species
 Podocopida -
Chondrichthyes
 Hybodontiformes - Hybodontidae
Hybodontidae indet. Agassiz 1834 elasmobranch
ANG 10-126, incomplete tooth and a worn, fragmentary dorsal fin-spine
 Hybodontiformes - Lonchidiidae
Parvodus celsucuspus1 Rees et al. 2013 elasmobranch
Osteichthyes
 Halecomorphi -
Ionoscopiformes indet. Grande and Bemis 1998 ray-finned fish
Amphibia
 Salientia -
Anura indet.1 Fischer von Waldheim 1813 frog
 Caudata -
? Caudata indet.1 salamander
 Temnospondyli - Albanerpetontidae
Albanerpetontidae indet.1 Fox and Naylor 1982 tetrapod
Mammalia
  -
Mammalia indet.1 Linnaeus 1758 mammal
 Multituberculata - Pinheirodontidae
Pinheirodontidae indet.1 Hahn and Hahn 1999 multituberculate
 Multituberculata - Paulchoffatiidae
Sunnyodon sp.1 Kielan-Jaworowska and Ensom 1992 multituberculate
 Theriamorpha - Spalacotheriidae
Spalacotherium evansae1 Ensom and Sigogneau-Russell 2000 mammal
 Peramura - Peramuridae
Peramus sp.1 Owen 1871 mammal
 Theriamorpha - Dryolestidae
Dryolestidae indet.1 Marsh 1879 mammal
 Eutriconodonta - Triconodontidae
? Triconodon sp.1 Owen 1859 mammal
 Eutriconodonta - Gobiconodontidae
? Gobiconodon sp.1 Trofimov 1978 mammal
  - Thereuodontidae
Thereuodon cf. taraktes1 Sigogneau-Russell and Ensom 1998 mammal
Reptilia
 Testudinata - Helochelydridae
Helochelydridae indet.3 Nopcsa 1928 turtle
ANG 10-409
 Testudinata - Pleurosternidae
Pleurosternon bullockii2 Owen 1842 turtle
ANG 10-71, carapace (ANG14R-454), the plastron (ANG14R- 474) and right peripheral plates 1 and 2 (ANG 15 R-1082a and b) were collected separately in the field; the material presents evidence of tooth marks
 Testudines -
"Chelonii indet." = Testudines
"Chelonii indet." = Testudines Batsch 1788 turtle
 Testudinata -
Hylaeochelys ? belli1 Mantell 1844 turtle
 Testudinata - Plesiochelyidae
Plesiochelyidae indet.3 Rütimeyer 1873 turtle
 Squamata - Paramacellodidae
Paramacellodus sp.1 Hoffstetter 1967 squamates
 Loricata -
Crocodylomorpha indet.3 Hay 1930 crocodilian
 Loricata - Goniopholididae
Goniopholis sp.1 Owen 1842 crocodilian
ANG 10-263
 Loricata - Pholidosauridae
Pholidosaurus sp.1 Meyer 1841 crocodilian
 Loricata - Atoposauridae
Atoposauridae indet. crocodilian
ANG 10-267
Theriosuchus sp. Owen 1878 crocodilian
 Loricata - Bernissartiidae
Bernissartiidae indet. Dollo 1883 crocodilian
ANG 10-268
 Ornithischia -
Ornithischia indet.3 Seeley 1888 ornithischian
 Ornithischia - Heterodontosauridae
Heterodontosauridae indet.3 Romer 1966 heterodontosaurid
teeth
Echinodon sp.1 Owen 1861 heterodontosaurid
debris
 Ornithischia -
Ankylosauria indet.1 Osborn 1923 ankylosaur
Stegosauria indet.3 Marsh 1877 ornithischian
 Ornithischia - Stegosauridae
Dacentrurus sp.1 Lucas 1902 ornithischian
 Ornithischia -
Deltapodus sp.3 Whyte and Romano 1995 ornithischian
tracks, ANG 16 Ep60
 Ornithischia - Hypsilophodontidae
Hypsilophodontidae indet.3 hypsilophodontid
ANG 10-153, teeth
 Ornithischia - Camptosauridae
Camptosauridae indet.3 Marsh 1885 camptosaurid
2 teeth, 1 femur
 Theropoda - Dromaeosauridae
cf. Nuthetes sp.1 Owen 1854 maniraptoran
 Theropoda - Archaeopterygidae
Archaeopterygidae indet.1 Huxley 1871 avialan
 Theropoda -
Ornithomimosauria indet. ornithomimosaur
ANG 10-175
Tyrannosauroidea indet.3 Walker 1964 coelurosaur
teeth
Megalosauroidea indet.3 Nopcsa 1928 tetanuran theropod
ANG 10-51, 10-262; teeth
 Saurischia -
Sauropoda indet.3 Marsh 1878 sauropod
tracks, ANG 18‐6529 and many bone fragments
Macronaria indet.3 Sereno 1997 sauropod
tooth
Turiasauria indet.3 Royo-Torres et al. 2006 sauropod
ANG 10-400, femur; ANG 10-10, 10-27, teeth
 Pterosauria -
Pterosauria indet.1 Kaup 1834 pterosaur
 Eosuchia -
cf. Opisthias sp.1 Gilmore 1909 lepidosaur
 Choristodera - Cteniogenyidae
cf. Cteniogenys sp.1 Gilmore 1928 choristodere
 Plesiosauria -
Pliosauroidea indet. Welles 1943 plesiosaur
ANG 10-581, left tibia
Actinopteri
 Pycnodontiformes - Mesturidae
cf. Micropycnodon sp.1 Hibbard and Graffham 1945
 Pycnodontiformes - Pycnodontidae
Pycnodontidae indet.1 Agassiz 1833
 Ginglymodi -
Ginglymodi indet.1 Cope 1871
 Semionotiformes - Semionotidae
Semionotidae indet. Woodward 1890
 Lepisosteiformes -
Lepidotes sp. Agassiz 1832 gar
 Holostei -
Amiiformes indet.1 Hay 1929 bowfin
 Amiiformes - Caturidae
Caturidae indet. Owen 1860 bowfin
Dinophyceae
 Gonyaulacales - Ceratiaceae
Odontochitina imparilis3 Jain and Khowaja-Ateequzzaman 1984