6 km east of Palasava (Miocene to of India)

Where: Gujarat, India (23.4° N, 71.0° E: paleocoordinates 19.1° N, 70.9° E)

• coordinate stated in text

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Chhasra Formation, Langhian to Langhian (16.0 - 11.6 Ma)

• Based on the mammalian assemblage, Kapur et al. (2019) estimated a Middle Miocene (Langhian-Serravallian; ~14 ± 2 Ma) age

•five ossiferous levels/horizons

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: fluvial-deltaic; gray, sandy siltstone

• grey silts/clays with sand lenses

•consists predominantly of clay, silt, and sand- stone and conglomerate alternating with successive deposits of coarse-grained sandstone and gravelly lag deposits at the top

Size class: macrofossils

Collected in 2007, 2015

• housed in the Department of Geology, Panjab University, Chandigarh and Department of Geology, Cen- tral University of Punjab under the collection codes: VPL/PU/KT, VPL/PU/KPS, BIOPS/CUP/KT, and BIOPS/CUP/KP

Primary reference: V. V. Kapur, M. Pickford, G. Chauhan and M. G. Thakkar. 2021. A Middle Miocene (~14 Ma) vertebrate assemblage from Palasava, Rapar Taluka, Kutch (Kachchh) District, Gujarat State, western India. Historical Biology 33(5):595-615 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion/M. Uhen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 203629: authorized by Philip Mannion, entered by Philip Mannion on 21.08.2019, edited by Grace Varnham and Mark Uhen

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Chondrichthyes
 Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae
Myliobatis sp. Cuvier 1816 eagle ray
 Selachimorpha -
Selachimorpha indet. Nelson 1984 elasmobranch
 Rhinopristiformes - Pristidae
Pristis sp. Linck 1790 sawfish
 Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae
Carcharhinus sp. de Blainville 1816 requiem shark
Mammalia
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Rhinocerotidae indet. Gray 1821 rhinoceros
BSIP41798
Brachypotherium perimense rhinoceros
BSIP41797
 Artiodactyla - Suidae
Suidae indet. Gray 1821 pig
BSIP41791
 Artiodactyla - Anthracotheriidae
Sivameryx palaeindicus Lydekker 1883 anthracothere
BSIP41794 and BSIP41795
 Artiodactyla -
Giraffoidea indet. Gray 1821 ruminant
Sanitherium schlagintweiti von Meyer 1866 ruminant
BSIP41792 and BSIP41793
 Artiodactyla - Tragulidae
Tragulidae indet. Milnes-Edwards 1864 chevrotain
BSIP41796
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope
 Proboscidea - Deinotheriidae
"Deinotherium sindiense" = Dinotherium
"Deinotherium sindiense" = Dinotherium deinothere
BSIP41804
 Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Gomphotherium sp. Burmeister 1837 gomphothere
BSIP41800 and BSIP41801
 Proboscidea - Mammutidae
Zygolophodon sp. Vacek 1877 mastodon
BSIP41799
Reptilia
 Testudines - Trionychidae
Trionychidae indet. softshell turtle
Cyclanorbinae indet. softshell turtle
 Testudines - Pelomedusidae
Pelomedusidae indet. Cope 1868 sideneck turtle
 Squamata - Acrochordidae
Acrochordus sp. Hornstedt 1787 snake
BSIP41786
 Squamata -
cf. Uromastyx sp. Merrem 1820 spiny-tailed lizard
 Squamata - Varanidae
Varanus sp. Merrem 1820 monitor lizard
One dorsal vertebra BIOPS/CUP/KP-240
 Crocodylia -
Crocodylia indet. Owen 1842 crocodilian
BSIP41779-41785; Crocodylus sp. and/or Tomistoma sp.
Aves
 Aves -
Aves indet. bird
BSIP41787 and BSIP41788; possibly represent the family Phoenicopteridae or Ciconiidae
Actinopteri
 Teleostei -
Teleostei indet. Müller 1846
 Cypriniformes - Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae indet. Rafinesque 1815 carp-like fish