Ishango - Z. Post-Em. (Holocene of Congo-Kinshasa)

Also known as ETE Locality 889, Zone post-emersion, Ishango - Z. Post-Em.,

Where: Congo-Kinshasa (0.1° S, 29.6° E: paleocoordinates 0.1° S, 29.6° E)

When: Holocene (0.0 - 0.0 Ma)

• "This occupation stage might postdate the early Holocene period"

•ETE dating method: absolute, ETE age comment: "Max age = 21,000 +/- 500 (NFP at Is11). Min age = 6890 +/- 75 (charcoal in Katwe Ash at Kabale)." radiometric intage_max, radiometric intage_min

Environment/lithology: lacustrine; siliciclastic sediments

• ETE sed env 1: lacustrine, ETE sed env 2: lake_margin ETE event: ., ETE env comment: fluctuating shore
• ETE rock type adj: 0, ETE lithology comments: "brown horizon, lithology otherwise undescribed"

Size class: macrofossils

Collection methods: quarrying, surface (in situ)

• ETE Size: macro; ETE reference list: 482, 481, 480, 479, 478, 477, ; ETE museum list:

Primary reference: J. Peters. 1990. Late Pleistocene hunter-gatherers at Ishango (eastern Zaire): the faunal evidence. Revue de Paléobiologie 9(1):73-112 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Clapham]more details

Purpose of describing collection: archaeological analysis

PaleoDB collection 22068: authorized by Anna Behrensmeyer, entered by Anna Behrensmeyer on 24.02.1999, edited by John Damuth

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Osteichthyes
 Ceratodontiformes - Lepidosirenidae
Protopterus aethiopicus Heckel 1851 marbled lungfish
Mammalia
 Placentalia -
Rodentia indet. Bowdich 1821 rodent
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Hystrix or Thryonomys
 Rodentia - Hystricidae
Hystrix sp. Linnaeus 1758 porcupine
 Rodentia - Thryonomyidae
Thryonomys swinderianus Temminck 1827 greater cane rat
 Primates - Cercopithecidae
Cercopithecidae indet. Gray 1821 monkey
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Cercopithecus or Colobus
 Primates - Hominidae
Homo sapiens Linnaeus 1758 human
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: sapiens
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Rhinocerotidae indet. Gray 1821 rhinoceros
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Diceros or Ceratotherium
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
"Equus ? burchelli" = Equus quagga burchelli
"Equus ? burchelli" = Equus quagga burchelli Gray 1824 Burchell's zebra
 Artiodactyla - Suidae
Phacochoerus aethiopicus Pallas 1766 desert warthog
Potamochoerus sp. Gray 1854 pig
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: or Phacochoerus
Potamochoerus porcus Linnaeus 1758 red river hog
 Artiodactyla - Hippopotamidae
Hippopotamus amphibius Linnaeus 1758 hippo
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae
Bovidae "small indet." Gray 1821 antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae-sm
Bovidae "medium indet." Gray 1821 antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae-md
Bovidae "very large indet." Gray 1821 antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae-v. lg
Bovidae "large indet." Gray 1821 antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae-lg
Ourebia ourebi Zimmerman 1783 oribi
Hippotragus equinus Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1803 roan antelope
Damaliscus lunatus Burchell 1823 common tsessebe
Alcelaphus buselaphus Pallas 1766 hartebeest
Reduncini indet. Knottnerus-Meyer 1907 antelope
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Reduncini
Kobus kob Erxleben 1777 kob
Kobus ellipsiprymnus Ogilby 1833 waterbuck
Redunca redunca Hamilton Smith 1827 bohor reedbuck
Tragelaphus scriptus Pallas 1766 bushbuck
Taurotragus sp. Wagner 1855 eland
Syncerus caffer Sparman 1779 African buffalo
 Placentalia -
Carnivora "small indet." Bowdich 1821 carnivoran
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Carnivora-sm
Carnivora "medium indet." Bowdich 1821 carnivoran
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Carnivora-md
 Carnivora - Felidae
Panthera leo Linnaeus 1758 lion
 Carnivora - Canidae
Lycaon pictus Temminck 1820 African wild dog
 Hyracoidea - Procaviidae
Dendrohyrax arboreus Smith 1827 southern tree hyrax
 Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Stegodon sp. Falconer 1857 elephant
Aves
 Charadriiformes - Laridae
"Larus cirrhocephalus" = Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus Vieillot 1818 gray-headed gull
Hydroprogne caspia Pallas 1770 Caspian tern
Larus fuscus Linnaeus 1758 lesser black-backed gull
 Accipitriformes - Accipitridae
Accipitridae indet. Viellot 1816 hawk
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Accipitridae
 Strigiformes - Strigidae
Bubo lacteus Temminck 1820 Verreaux's eagle-owl
 Struthioniformes - Struthionidae
Struthio camelus Linnaeus 1758 common ostrich
ETE occurrence; species: eggshell
Actinopteri
 Cichliformes - Cichlidae
Tilapiini indet. Carnevale et al. 2003 tilapiine
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Tilapiini
 Acanthomorphata - Centropomidae
Lates niloticus Linnaeus 1758 Nile perch
 Cypriniformes - Cyprinidae
Barbus sp. Cuvier and Cloquet 1816 carp-like fish
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: mainly bynni
 Teleostei -
Siluriformes indet. catfish
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Siluriformes
 Siluriformes - Mochokidae
Synodontis sp. Cuvier 1816 upside down catfish
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: mostly frontosus
Synodontis frontosus Vaillant 1895 Sudan squeaker
 Siluriformes - Clariidae
Clarias sp. Scopoli 1777 catfish
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: cf. gariepinus, mak - species name from unique name
 Siluriformes - Bagridae
Bagrus sp. Bosc 1816 naked catfish
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: mak - species name from unique name