Benara (Oligocene of Georgia)

Also known as Benarskaya

Where: Georgia (41.7° N, 42.8° E: paleocoordinates 39.2° N, 49.1° E)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Late/Upper Oligocene (28.4 - 23.0 Ma)

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; red mudstone and coarse-grained, brown, yellow sandstone

• Red, smectitic mudstone and yellowish-brown, coarse-grained sandstone

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Primary reference: S. G. Lucas and R. J. Emry. 1999. Taxonomy and biochronological significance of Paraentelodon, a giant entelodont (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) from the late Oligocene of Eurasia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19(1):160-168 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 182744: authorized by Philip Mannion, entered by Philip Mannion on 23.11.2016

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Reptilia
 Testudines - Testudinidae
 Testudines - Emydidae
Clemmys sp.3 Ritgen 1828 turtle
Mammalia
 Creodonta - Hyaenodontidae
Hyaenodon sp.3 Laizer and Parieu 1838 creodont
 Carnivora - Nimravidae
Nimravus sp.3 Cope 1879 false sabre-tooth
 Carnivora - Amphicyonidae
Amphicyon sp.3 Lartet 1836 bear-dog
 Carnivora - Mustelidae
Plesictis sp.3 Pomel 1846 mustelid carnivore
 Carnivora - Ursidae
Cephalogale meschethense n. sp.3 Gabunia 1964 bear
 Perissodactyla - Chalicotheriidae
Phyllotillon sp.3 Pilgrim 1910 chalicothere
Schizotherium chucuae n. sp.3 Gabunia 1951 chalicothere
 Perissodactyla - Paraceratheriidae
Benaratherium callistrati n. gen. n. sp.3
Benaratherium callistrati n. gen. n. sp.3 Gabunia 1955 odd-toed ungulate
 Perissodactyla - Eggysodontidae
Allacerops sp.3 Wood 1932 odd-toed ungulate
 Perissodactyla -
Meschotherium meschethicum n. gen. n. sp.3 Gabunia 1964 odd-toed ungulate
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Aceratherium sp.3 Kaup 1834 rhinoceros
 Perissodactyla - Hyracodontidae
Ardynia sp.1, "Prothyracodon sp." = Prohyracodon3
Ardynia sp.1 Matthew and Granger 1923 odd-toed ungulate
"Prothyracodon sp." = Prohyracodon3 Koch 1897 odd-toed ungulate
 Perissodactyla - Tapiridae
Colodon sp.3 Marsh 1890 tapir
 Perissodactyla - Brontotheriidae
Brontotheriidae indet.3 Marsh 1873 brontothere
 Artiodactyla - Anthracotheriidae
Anthracotherium kwablianicum n. sp.3 Gabunia 1964 anthracothere
Elomeryx sp.2 Marsh 1894 anthracothere
Elomeryx borbonicus3 Geais 1934 anthracothere
Telmatodon sp.3 Pilgrim 1907 anthracothere
 Artiodactyla - Entelodontidae
Paraentelodon intermedium n. gen. n. sp.3
Paraentelodon intermedium n. gen. n. sp.3 Gabunia 1964 even-toed ungulate
IPGAN 1964/56 - holotype; referred specimens: IPGAN 1964/54, 55 and 57
 Artiodactyla - Tragulidae
Iberomeryx parvus n. gen. n. sp.4
Iberomeryx parvus n. gen. n. sp.4 Gabunia 1964 chevrotain
 Artiodactyla - Lophiomerycidae
Lophiomeryx benarensis n. sp.4 Gabunia 1964 ruminant
 Artiodactyla -
Prodremotherium trepidum n. sp.4 Gabunia 1964 ruminant
 Rodentia - Cylindrodontidae
Cylindrodontidae indet.3 Miller and Gidley 1918 rodent