Ak-Kaya (Eocene of Ukraine)

Also known as Ak-Kaya 1

Where: Crimea, Ukraine (45.1° N, 34.6° E: paleocoordinates 43.3° N, 29.7° E)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

When: Middle Eocene (47.8 - 37.7 Ma)

• Maikop?

Environment/lithology: marine; lithology not reported

Size class: macrofossils

Primary reference: E. A. Zvonok, I. G. Danilov, and E. V. Syromyatnikova. 2013. The First Reliable Record of Fossil Leatherback Sea Turtle (Dermochelyidae) in Northern Eurasia (Middle Eocene of Ukraine). Paleontological Journal 2013(1):70-73 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 140018: authorized by Mark Uhen, entered by Mark Uhen on 27.02.2013, edited by Evangelos Vlachos

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

unclassified
  -
Reptilia
 Squamata - Palaeophiidae
Palaeophis nessovi3 Averianov 1997 snake
Palaeophis tamdy3 Averianov 1997 snake
 Testudines - Cheloniidae
Cheloniidae indet.4 Bonaparte 1832 sea turtle
 Testudines - Dermochelyidae
Cosmochelys sp.2 Andrews 1920 leatherback
 Testudines -
Trionychoidea indet.4 Fitzinger 1826 turtle
 Testudines - Pancheloniidae
Argillochelys sp.2 Lydekker 1889 turtle
seven prefrontals, ZIN PH 29/153 and six specimens without numbers (referred to here as n/n) in the collection of ZIN PH 153; four frontals, ZIN PH 30/153 and n/n; six parietals, ZIN PH 31- 32/153 and n/n; two jugals, ZIN PH 33/153 and n/n; squamosal, ZIN PH 34/153; three postorbitals, ZIN PH 35/153 and n/n; three premaxillaries, ZIN PH 36- 37/153 and n/n; five maxillaries, ZIN PH 38/153 and n/n; pterygoid, ZIN PH 39/153; quadrate, ZIN PH 40/153; 23 dentaries, symphyses, and fragments, ZIN PH 41-42/153 and n/n; surangular, ZIN PH 43/153; 38 neurals, ZIN PH 44-47 / 153 and n/n; suprapygal, ZIN PH 48/153; pygal, ZIN PH 49/153; eight costals, ZIN PH 50/153 and n/n; 96 peripherals, ZIN PH 51- 54/153 and n/n; seven fragments of hyo- or hypoplastrons, ZIN PH 55/153 and n/n; xiphiplastron, ZIN PH 56/153; cervical 6, ZIN PH 57/153; two scapulae, ZIN PH 58/153 and n/n; 14 humeri and their fragments, ZIN PH 59-60/153; proximal fragment of a femur, ZIN PH 61/153
 Testudines - Trionychidae
Trionychidae indet.2 Gray 1825 softshell turtle
represented by the following material: neural, ZIN PH 67/153; fragment of a costal, ZIN PH 68/153
Chondrichthyes
 Myliobatiformes - Dasyatidae
Dasyatidae indet.1 Jordan 1888 whiptail stingray
Dasyatidae gen. et sp. nov.
Dasyatis sp.1 Rafinesque 1810 whiptail stingray
Dasyatis sp. 1, 2, 3
 Myliobatiformes -
Coupatezia sp.1 Cappetta 1982 stingray
 Myliobatiformes - Gymnuridae
Gymnura sp.1 Van Hasselt 1823 stingray
 Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae
Myliobatis sp.1 Cuvier 1816 eagle ray
Leidybatis cf. jugosus1 Leidy 1876 eagle ray
Archaeomanta melenhorsti1 Herman 1979 eagle ray
Burnhamia sp.1 Cappetta 1976 eagle ray
Burnhamia sp. nov.
 Myliobatiformes - Aetobatidae
Aetobatus sp.1 Blainville 1816 stingray
 Hexanchiformes - Hexanchidae
Heptranchias cf. howellii1 Reed 1946 sevengill shark
Notorhynchus sp.1 Ayres 1855 sevengill shark
Hexanchus sp.1 Rafinesque 1810 sixgill shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Triakidae
Galeorhinus sp.1 de Blainville and Prévost 1816 school shark
Galeorhinus sp. 1, 2, 3
Galeorhinus ypresiensis1 Casier 1946 school shark
Mustelus sp.1 hound shark
Triakis sp.1 Müller and Henle 1838 hound shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Carcharhinidae
Carcharhinidae indet.1 Jordan and Evermann 1896 requiem shark
Carcharhinidae gen.et sp. nov.
Rhizoprionodon sp.1 Whitley 1929 sharpnose shark
Physogaleus cf. tertius1 requiem shark
 Carcharhiniformes - Scyliorhinidae
Casieria casieri1 cat shark
Abdounia minutissima1 Winkler 1874 cat shark
Megascyliorhinus sp.1 Cappetta and Ward 1977 cat shark
Megascyliorhinus sp. nov.
Scyliorhinus sp.1 Blainville 1816 cat shark
Scyliorhinus sp. 1, 2, 3, 4
 Carcharhiniformes - Galeocerdidae
Galeocerdo sp.1 Müller and Henle 1837 tiger shark
 Lamniformes - Alopiidae
Alopias cf. alabamensis1 thresher shark
 Lamniformes - Otodontidae
Parotodus cf. pavlovi1 mackerel shark
Carcharocles sp.1 Jordan 1923 mackerel shark
 Lamniformes - Mitsukurinidae
Striatolamia macrota1 Agassiz 1838 goblin shark
Anomotodon sp.1 Arambourg 1952 goblin shark
 Lamniformes - Odontaspididae
Odontaspis sp.1 Agassiz 1838 sand tiger shark
Odontaspis winkleri1 Leriche 1905 sand tiger shark
Hypotodus verticalis1 Agassiz 1843 sand tiger shark
Jaekelotodus trigonalis1 Jackel 1895 sand tiger shark
 Lamniformes - Cetorhinidae
"Cetorhinus parvus" = Keasius parvus1
"Cetorhinus parvus" = Keasius parvus1 Leriche 1908 basking shark
 Lamniformes -
Isurolamna bajarunasi1 mackerel shark
 Lamniformes - Lamnidae
Isurus praecursor1, "Carcharocles auriculatus" = Carcharodon auriculatus1
Isurus praecursor1 Thurmond and Jones 1981 mackerel shark
"Carcharocles auriculatus" = Carcharodon auriculatus1 Blainville 1818 white shark
 Orectolobiformes - Ginglymostomatidae
Nebrius sp.1 Rüppell 1837 nurse shark
Nebrius sp. nov.
Ginglymostoma sp.1 Müller and Henle 1838 nurse shark
Protoginglymostoma ypresiensis1 Herman 1977 nurse shark
 Orectolobiformes - Rhinocodontidae
Palaeorhincodon wardi1 carpet shark
 Orectolobiformes - Hemiscylliidae
Hemiscyllium cf. bruxelliensis1 Herman 1977 carpet shark
 Orectolobiformes - Parascylliidae
Pararhincodon sp.1 Herman 1975 collared carpetshark
 Orectolobiformes - Brachaeluridae
Eostegostoma angustum1 carpet shark
 Rhinopristiformes - Rhynchobatidae
Rhynchobatus sp.1 Müller and Henle 1837 wedgefish
Rhinchobatus sp. nov.
Rhynchobatus vincenti1 Jaekel 1894 wedgefish
 Rajiformes - Rajidae
Raja sp.1 Linnaeus 1758 skate
Raja sp. 1, 2
 Rajiformes - Platyrhinidae
Platyrhinidae indet.1 guitarfish
Platyrhinidae gen. et sp. nov.
 Rajiformes - Rhinobatidae
Rhinobatos sp.1 Link 1790 guitarfish
 Heterodontiformes - Heterodontidae
"Heterodontus vincenti" = Cestracion vincenti1
"Heterodontus vincenti" = Cestracion vincenti1 Leriche 1905 bullhead shark
 Squatiniformes - Squatinidae
Squatina cf. prima1 Winkler 1874 angel shark
 Squaliformes - Dalatiidae
Isistius trituratus1 Winkler 1874 shark
 Squaliformes - Squalidae
Squalus cf. alsaticus1 dogfish shark
Squalus sp.1 Linnaeus 1758 dogfish shark
 Squaliformes - Etmopteridae
Etmopterus sp.1 Rafinesque 1810 shark
 Squaliformes - Centrophoridae
Centrophorus sp.1 Müller and Henle 1837 gulper shark
Deania sp.1 Jordan and Snyder 1902 gulper shark
 Echinorhiniformes - Echinorhinidae
 Torpediniformes - Torpedinidae
Torpedo sp.1 Houttuyn 1764 torpedo
Torpedo sp. nov.