Somsak Sand Pit (Miocene of Thailand)

Also known as Khorat

Where: Nakorn Ratchasima, Thailand (15.0° N, 102.3° E: paleocoordinates 14.1° N, 102.2° E)

• coordinate stated in text

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Late/Upper Miocene (11.6 - 5.3 Ma)

• mammal fossils from at least two beds within an interval of about 3 m; about 9 - 6 Ma based on biochronology, mostly involving comparisons with the Siwaliks (Chaimanee et al. 2006)

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: fluvial; gray sandstone and claystone

• "Intense cross-bedding indicates fluviatile regime" (Chaimanee et al. 2006)
• "grey organic-rich sand and gravel, with some clay lenses intercalated" (Chaimanee et al. 2006)

Size class: macrofossils

Collection methods: salvage, quarrying,

• material recovered from a commercial sand pit over five years (Chaimanee et al. 2006)

Primary reference: Y. Chaimanee, V. Suteethorn, P. Jintasakul, C. Vidthayanon, B. Marandat and J.-J. Jaeger. 2004. A new orang-utan relative from the Late Miocene of Thailand. Nature 427:439-441 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 67172: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 11.11.2006

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Mammalia
 Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Stegodon sp. Falconer 1857 elephant
"primitive"
 Proboscidea - Stegodontidae
Stegolophodon sp. Pohlig 1888 proboscidean
 Proboscidea - Deinotheriidae
Deinotherium indicum Falconer 1845 deinothere
 Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Gomphotherium sp. Burmeister 1837 gomphothere
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Hipparion sp. de Christol 1832 hipparionine horse
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Alicornops complanatum Heissig 1972 rhinoceros
 Artiodactyla - Anthracotheriidae
Merycopotamus medioximus Lihoreau et al. 2004 anthracothere
Microbunodon milaensis Lihoreau et al. 2004 anthracothere
 Artiodactyla - Giraffidae
Giraffidae indet. Gray 1821 giraffe
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821 antelope
 Artiodactyla - Suidae
 Primates - Hominidae
Khoratpithecus piriyai n. gen. n. sp.
Khoratpithecus piriyai n. gen. n. sp. Chaimanee et al. 2004 ape
Reptilia
 Testudines - Testudinidae
"cf. Colossochelys atlas" = Megalochelys sivalensis
"cf. Colossochelys atlas" = Megalochelys sivalensis Falconer and Cautley 1837 turtle
 Loricata -
Crocodylia indet. crocodilian
"crocodile"
Actinopteri
 Teleostei -
Angiospermae
 Malvales - Dipterocarpaceae
Dipterocarpaceae indet. von Blume 1825
"dipterocarps"
cf. Parashorea sp. Kurz 1870
 Mesangiosperms - Arecaceae
cf. Corypha sp. Linnaeus palm
Dicotyledoneae
 Myrtales - Combretaceae
cf. Terminalia sp. Linnaeus 1767