Erpfinger Hoehle, Swaebische Alb (Pleistocene of Germany)

Where: Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany (48.5° N, 9.1° E: paleocoordinates 48.6° N, 8.9° E)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

When: Early/Lower Pleistocene (2.6 - 0.8 Ma)

• Early Pleistocene.

Environment/lithology: cave

Size class: macrofossils

Collection methods: Site found in April 1953, and first published in 1953. 25 isolated teeth were found in the first instance and compared in date to Val d'Arno, Tegelen, St Vallier, etc.

Primary reference: U. Lehmann. 1953. Eine Villafranchiano-Fauna von der Erpfinger Hohle (Schwabische Alb). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie Monatshefte 10:437-464 [A. Behrensmeyer/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 50274: authorized by Alan Turner, entered by Hannah O'Regan on 11.05.2005

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

unclassified
  -
Bivalvia
 Cardiida - Sphaeriidae
Pisidium amnicum Müller 1774 pea clam
Sphaerium corneum fingernail clam
 Unionida - Unionidae
Unio crassus freshwater mussel
Unio sp. Philipsson 1788 freshwater mussel
Gastropoda
 Stylommatophora - Zonitidae
Zonitoides nitidus true glass snail
 Stylommatophora - Clausiliidae
Clausilia sp. Draparnaud 1805 slug
 Heterostropha - Planorbidae
 Heterostropha - Lymnaeidae
"Limnaea palustris" = Lymnaea palustris Müller 1774 snail
  -
Mammalia
 Carnivora - Hyaenidae
Crocuta perrieri spotted hyaena
3 upper left and 2 upper right premolars, 1 upper right canine.
Lycyaena cf. lunensis hyaena
1 upper P3.
 Carnivora - Felidae
Felis cf. toscana Schaub 1949 cat
1 upper P4, 1 upper left canine.
 Carnivora - Ursidae
Ursus etruscus Cuvier 1823 bear
2 lower molars, plus 2 right upper M1, 1 upper right M2, 1 lower M1 right, 1 lower M1 left.
 Carnivora - Canidae
Canis etruscus Forsyth Major 1877 canine
2 upper left P3.
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equus bressanus horse
1 cranial fragment, 1 upper P2.
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
"Dicerorhinus etruscus" = Stephanorhinus etruscus
"Dicerorhinus etruscus" = Stephanorhinus etruscus Falconer 1868 rhinoceros
1 upper P2. 1 humerus and 1 femur shaft, 2 upper milk teeth, 6 upper and 4 lower premolars, 8 upper and lower molars, plus some enamel pieces.
 Artiodactyla - Cervidae
"Cervus ramosus" = Croizetoceros ramosus Croizet and Jobert 1828 deer
3 lower M3, 1 lower M1, 2 upper molars.
aff. Cervus (Euctenoceros) senezensis deer
1 upper M2, 1 premolar fragment.
Cervus (Euctenoceros) dicranios deer
2 upper molars.
Cervus cf. nestii Azzaroli 1947 deer
1 lower M2, 1 lower M3, 21 lower molars (fragmentary, including 10 lower M3), 10 upper molars, 1 upper and 1 lower premolar, 1 phalange.
"Cervus cf. philisi" = Metacervocerus philisi Mennecart et al. 2017 deer
2 lower M3, 2 upper premolars.
Libralces gallicus Azzaroli 1952 deer
1 lower M3, 1 lower P2.
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Gazellospira torticornis antelope
1 left lower M3 with talonid.
Megalovis latifrons antelope
? aff. Soergelia. 1 lower M1.
Deperetia ardea antelope
1 upper M2, 1 upper M3, both right.
 Rodentia - Castoridae
Castor fiber Linnaeus 1758 Eurasian beaver
Castor fiber plicidens. 1 right mandible, 1 lower left M1, 1 upper right M1.
Trogontherium boisvilletti beaver
1 lower P4, 1 mandible fragment with P4 and M1, 2 other back teeth.
 Rodentia - Cricetidae
Mimomys cf. newtoni vole
1 right mandible with M1 and M2.
Mimomys pliocaenicus Forsyth Major 1889 vole
1 left upper M1, 1 incisor fragment.
 Rodentia - Hystricidae
? Hystrix sp. Linnaeus 1758 porcupine
1 incisor fragment, 1 lower right M3.
 Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Leporidae indet. Fischer de Waldheim 1817 rabbit
Leporidarum gen. et. spec. indet.
Asteroidea
 Valvatida - Oreasteridae
"Goniodiscus sp." = Culcita
"Goniodiscus sp." = Culcita Presl 1836 sea star
Limnaea
  -
Limnaea sp. Lamarck 1799
Hygromia
  -
"Fruticicola striolata" = Hygromia (Fruticicola), "Monacha incarnata" = Hygromia (Monacha), "Monacha vincina" = Hygromia (Monacha)
"Fruticicola striolata" = Hygromia (Fruticicola)
"Monacha incarnata" = Hygromia (Monacha)
"Monacha vincina" = Hygromia (Monacha)