PBDB Collection

Layer II, Anatu, Eua (Pleistocene to of Tonga)

Where: Tonga (21.4° S, 174.9° W: paleocoordinates 21.4° S, 174.9° W)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Late/Upper Pleistocene to Late/Upper Pleistocene (0.1 - 0.0 Ma)

• Older than 2.7 ka (radiocarbon date from overlying layer) but younger than 60-78.8 ka (uranium-series date from underlying flowstone)

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: cave; calcareous siliciclastic sediments

Size class: macrofossils

Reposited in the FLMNH

Primary reference: D. W. Steadman. 1993. Biogeography of Tongan birds before and after human impact. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 90:818-822 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]more details

Purpose of describing collection: archaeological analysis

PaleoDB collection 194698: authorized by Matthew Clapham, entered by Matthew Clapham on 26.06.2018

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

Aves
Pelecaniformes - Ardeidae	Nycticorax "n. sp." Nycticorax "n. sp." Forster 1817 night heron
Passeriformes - Campephagidae	Lalage maculosa Lalage maculosa Peale 1848 Polynesian triller
Passeriformes - Zosteropidae	Zosteropidae indet. Zosteropidae indet. Bonaparte 1853 white-eye
Passeriformes - Monarchidae	Clytorhynchus vitiensis, Myiagra sp. Clytorhynchus vitiensis Hartlaub 1866 Fiji shrikebill Myiagra sp. Vigors and Horsfield 1827 perching bird
Passeriformes - Scotocercidae	Cettia sp. Cettia sp. Bonaparte 1834 perching bird
Passeriformes - Meliphagidae	Myzomela cardinalis, "Foulehaio carunculata" = Foulehaio carunculatus Myzomela cardinalis Gmelin 1788 cardinal myzomela "Foulehaio carunculata" = Foulehaio carunculatus Gmelin 1788 eastern wattled-honeyeater
Passeriformes - Sturnidae	Aplonis tabuensis Aplonis tabuensis Gmelin 1788 Polynesian starling
Passeriformes - Turdidae	Turdus poliocephalus Turdus poliocephalus Latham 1801 island thrush
Passeriformes - Petroicidae	Eopsaltria sp. Eopsaltria sp. Swainson 1832 perching bird
Gruiformes - Rallidae	Gallirallus vekamatolu¹, Gallinula "n. sp." Gallirallus vekamatolu¹ Kirchman and Steadman 2005 Eua rail Gallinula "n. sp." Brisson 1760 moorhen
Coraciiformes - Alcedinidae	"Halcyon chloris" = Todiramphus chloris "Halcyon chloris" = Todiramphus chloris Boddaert 1783 collared kingfisher
Columbiformes - Columbidae	Ptilinopus perousii, Ptilinopus porphyraceus, "Gallicolumba stairi" = Alopecoenas stairi, Didunculus placopedetes³, Ducula "n. sp.", Ducula david Ptilinopus perousii Peale 1848 many-colored fruit-dove Ptilinopus porphyraceus Temminck 1821 crimson-crowned fruit-dove "Gallicolumba stairi" = Alopecoenas stairi Gray 1856 shy ground-dove Didunculus placopedetes³ Steadman 2006 Tongan tooth-billed pigeon Ducula "n. sp." Hodgson 1836 imperial pigeon Ducula david Balouet and Olson 1987 Steadman's imperial-pigeon
Psittaciformes - Psittaculidae	Vini australis, Eclectus infectus n. sp.² Vini australis Gmelin 1788 blue-crowned lorikeet Eclectus infectus n. sp.² Steadman 2006 oceanic parrot
Galliformes - Megapodiidae	Megapodius "n. sp.", Megapodius alimentum Megapodius "n. sp." Gaimard 1823 scrubfowl Megapodius alimentum Steadman 1989 consumed scrubfowl

¹Kirchman and Steadman 2005; ²Steadman 2006; ³Steadman 2006