Rio Acre (Miocene of Brazil)

Where: Acre, Brazil (10.1° S, 66.9° W: paleocoordinates 10.4° S, 64.9° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

When: Solimoes Formation, Tortonian (11.6 - 7.2 Ma)

• formation-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: fluvial-deltaic; siliciclastic sediments

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: original phosphate

Primary reference: J. B. Villanueva, C. Muizon, and J. P. Souza Filho. 1990. Novos achados de cetaceos longirrostros no Neogeno do Acre, Brasil. Boletim do Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Ciencias da Terra 2:59-64 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 55602: authorized by Mark Uhen, entered by Mark Uhen on 01.11.2005, edited by Juan Carrillo, Grace Varnham and Philip Mannion

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names
Chondrichthyes
 Myliobatiformes - Potamotrygonidae
Potamotrygonidae indet.3
Actinopteri
 Siluriformes - Callichthyidae
Callichthyidae indet.3
Callichthyidae indet.3 Gill 1872 catfish
 Siluriformes - Doradidae
Doradidae indet.3
 Siluriformes - Pimelodidae
Pimelodidae indet.3
Pimelodidae indet.3 Eigenmann and Eigenmann 1918 catfish
 Characiformes - Characidae
Colossoma sp.3
Colossoma sp.3 Cuvier 1818
 Osteoglossiformes - Osteoglossidae
Osteoglossidae indet.3
Osteoglossidae indet.3 Bonaparte 1832 arowana
Reptilia
 Testudines - Pantestudinidae
Testudinidae indet.3, Chelonoidis sp.1
Testudinidae indet.3 Batsch 1788 turtle
Chelonoidis sp.1 Fitzinger 1835 turtle
 Testudines - Panchelidae
"Chelus colombianus" = Chelus colombianus1, "Chelus lewisi" = Chelus colombianus1
"Chelus colombianus" = Chelus colombianus1 Wood 1976 Chelus colombiana
"Chelus lewisi" = Chelus colombianus1 Wood 1976 Chelus colombiana
 Testudines - Podocnemidae
Stupendemys sp.1, Podocnemis bassieri1
Stupendemys sp.1 Wood 1976 sideneck turtle
Podocnemis bassieri1 river turtle
 Testudines - Pelomedusidae
Pelomedusidae indet.3
Pelomedusidae indet.3 Cope 1868 sideneck turtle
entered as "Pelomedisidae"
Aves
  -
Aves indet.3
Aves indet.3 Linnaeus 1758 bird
 Suliformes - Anhingidae
Macranhinga ranzii1, Anhinga fraileyi1, Anhinga minuta1, Anhinga cf. grandis1
Anhinga cf. grandis1 Martin and Mengel 1975 darter
Reptilia
 Pseudosuchia - Gavialidae
Hesperogavialis "sp. 1"1, Hesperogavialis "sp. 2"1
Hesperogavialis "sp. 1"1 Bocquentin Villanueva and Buffetaut 1981 archosaur
Hesperogavialis "sp. 2"1 Bocquentin Villanueva and Buffetaut 1981 archosaur
 Crocodylia -
? Brachygnathosuchus indet.3
? Brachygnathosuchus indet.3 Mook 1921 crocodilian
 Crocodylia - Crocodylidae
Charactosuchus mendesi1, Charactosuchus sansoai n. sp.1, Charactosuchus fieldsi1
Charactosuchus sansoai n. sp.1 Souza Filho 1991 crocodile
Charactosuchus fieldsi1 Langston 1965 crocodile
 Crocodylia -
? Gavialosuchus indet.3
? Gavialosuchus indet.3 Toula and Kail 1885 crocodilian
 Crocodylia - Alligatoridae
Purussaurus sp.1, Purussaurus brasiliensis n. gen. n. sp.1, Acresuchus pachytemporalis7, Mourasuchus sp.1, "Mourasuchus nativus" = Mourasuchus arendsi1, ? Caiman indet.3
Purussaurus sp.1 Barbosa Rodrigues 1892 crocodilian
Purussaurus brasiliensis n. gen. n. sp.1 Barbosa-Rodrigues 1892 crocodilian
Type (anterior half of right dentary)
Acresuchus pachytemporalis7 Souza-Filho et al. 2019 crocodilian
Mourasuchus sp.1 Price 1964 crocodilian
"Mourasuchus nativus" = Mourasuchus arendsi1 Bocquentin Villanueva 1984 crocodilian
? Caiman indet.3 Spix 1825 caiman
 Crocodylia -
Gryposuchus sp.1, Gryposuchus jessei n. gen. n. sp.4
Gryposuchus sp.1 Gürich 1912 crocodilian
Gryposuchus jessei n. gen. n. sp.4 Gürich 1912 crocodilian
Holotype (partial skull)
 Squamata - Aniliidae
Colombophis spinosus6, Colombophis portai6
Colombophis spinosus6 Hsiou et al. 2010 pipe snake
Colombophis portai6 Hoffstetter and Rage 1977 pipe snake
 Squamata - Boidae
Waincophis sp.6
Waincophis sp.6 Albino 1987 boa
Mammalia
 Sirenia - Trichechidae
Ribodon limbatus1
Ribodon limbatus1 Ameghino 1883 manatee
 Primates - Cebidae
Acrecebus fraileyi1
Acrecebus fraileyi1 Kay and Cozzuol 2006 monkey
 Primates - Atelidae
Solimoea acrensis1, Stirtonia sp.1
Solimoea acrensis1 Kay and Cozzuol 2006 monkey
Stirtonia sp.1 Hershkovitz 1970 monkey
 Notoungulata - Toxodontidae
Paratrigodon sp.6, Neotoxodon pascuali1, Mesenodon juruaensis1, Minitoxodon acrensis1, Gyrinodon quasus1, Palaeotoxodon sp.6
Paratrigodon sp.6 Cabrera and Kraglievich 1931 notoungulate
Neotoxodon pascuali1 notoungulate
Mesenodon juruaensis1 notoungulate
Minitoxodon acrensis1 notoungulate
Gyrinodon quasus1 notoungulate
Palaeotoxodon sp.6 Ameghino 1904 notoungulate
 Notoungulata - Haplodontheriidae
Mesotoxodon pricei1, Trigodon sp.1, Toxodontherium listai1, Plesiotoxodon amazonensis1, Neotrigodon utoquineae1, Abothrodon pricei1, Trigodonops lopesi1
Mesotoxodon pricei1 notoungulate
Trigodon sp.1 Ameghino 1882 notoungulate
Toxodontherium listai1 notoungulate
Neotrigodon utoquineae1 Spillman 1949 notoungulate
Abothrodon pricei1 Paula Couto 1956 notoungulate
Trigodonops lopesi1 Roxo 1821 notoungulate
 Notoungulata - Leontiniidae
Purperia cribatidens6
Purperia cribatidens6 Paula Couto 1981 notoungulate
 Rodentia - Neoepiblemidae
Phoberomys sp.5, Neoepiblema ambrosettianus1, Neoepiblema horridula1
Phoberomys sp.5 Kraglievich 1926 caviomorph
Neoepiblema ambrosettianus1 Ameghino 1889 caviomorph
Neoepiblema horridula1 Ameghino 1886 caviomorph
 Rodentia - Dinomyidae
Telicomys amazonensis1, Scleromys colombianus1, Simplimus sp.1, Potamarchus sigmodon1, Eumegamys paranensis1, Gyriabrus sp.1
Telicomys amazonensis1 Frailey 1986 caviomorph
Scleromys colombianus1 Fields 1957 caviomorph
Simplimus sp.1 Ameghino 1904 caviomorph
Eumegamys paranensis1 Kraglievich 1926 caviomorph
Gyriabrus sp.1 Ameghino 1891 caviomorph
 Chiroptera - Noctilionidae
Noctilio lacrimaelunaris1
Noctilio lacrimaelunaris1 Czaplewski 1996 bulldog bat
 Chiroptera - Molossidae
Molossidae indet.6
Molossidae indet.6 Gervais 1856 free-tailed bat
 Cingulata - Dasypodidae
Anadasypus sp.1
Anadasypus sp.1 Carlini et al. 1997 armadillo
 Cingulata - Pachyarmatheriidae
Neoglyptatelus sp.1
Neoglyptatelus sp.1 Carlini et al. 1997 edentate
 Phyllophaga - Nothrotheriidae
Mionothropus cartellei2
Mionothropus cartellei2 De Iuliis et al. 2011 edentate
type: LACM 4609 ⁄ 117533 (= Nothropus priscus Frailey, 1986).
 Phyllophaga - Orophodontidae
Octodontobradys puruensis1
Octodontobradys puruensis1 Santos et al. 1993 edentate
 Xenarthra - Megalonychidae
Megalonychidae indet.3, cf. Protomegalonyx sp.1, Pliomorphus sp.1
Megalonychidae indet.3 Gervais 1855 edentate
cf. Protomegalonyx sp.1 Kraglievich 1925 edentate
Pliomorphus sp.1 Ameghino 1885 edentate
 Xenarthra -
"Tardigrada indet." = Folivora1
"Tardigrada indet." = Folivora1 Delsuc et al. 2001 edentate
 Xenarthra - Megatheriidae
cf. Hapalops sp.1, cf. Planops sp.1
cf. Hapalops sp.1 Ameghino 1887 edentate
cf. Planops sp.1 Ameghino 1887 edentate
 Xenarthra - Mylodontidae
Mylodontidae indet.1, "Stenodon campbelli n. gen. n. sp." = Urumacotherium campbelli3, "Urumacotherium campbelli" = Urumacotherium campbelli1, Ranculcus sp.1, Pseudoprepotherium venezuelanum1
Mylodontidae indet.1 Ameghino 1889 edentate
gen. et sp. nov.
"Stenodon campbelli n. gen. n. sp." = Urumacotherium campbelli3 Frailey 1986 edentate
"Urumacotherium campbelli" = Urumacotherium campbelli1 Frailey 1986 edentate
Ranculcus sp.1 Ameghino 1891 edentate
Pseudoprepotherium venezuelanum1 Hoffstetter 1961 edentate
 Xenarthra - Pampatheriidae
Kraglievichia sp.1
Kraglievichia sp.1 Castellanos 1927 edentate
 Xenarthra - Glyptodontidae
Plohophorus sp.1, Paraglyptodon sp.1
Plohophorus sp.1 Ameghino 1887 glyptodon
Paraglyptodon sp.1 Castellanos 1932 glyptodon
 Xenarthra - Propalaehoplophoridae
Asterostemma sp.1
Asterostemma sp.1 Ameghino 1889 edentate
 Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Amahuacatherium peruvium1
Amahuacatherium peruvium1 Romero-Pittman 1996 gomphothere
 Ungulata - Macraucheniidae
Macraucheniidae indet.3, Cullinia sp.1
Macraucheniidae indet.3 Ameghino 1889 eutherian
Cullinia sp.1 Cabrera and Kraglievich 1931 eutherian
 Ungulata - Proterotheriidae
cf. Proterotherium sp.1
cf. Proterotherium sp.1 Ameghino 1883 eutherian
 Ungulata - Astrapotheriidae
"? Synastrapotherium sp." = Xenastrapotherium3, Xenastrapotherium amazonense6
"? Synastrapotherium sp." = Xenastrapotherium3 Kraglievich 1928 eutherian
Xenastrapotherium amazonense6 Paula Couto 1976 eutherian
 Didelphimorphia - Didelphidae
Didelphis solimoensis6
Didelphis solimoensis6 Couzzol et al. 2006 large American opossum
 Cetacea - Platanistidae
cf. Pomatodelphis bobengi6
cf. Pomatodelphis bobengi6 Case 1934 toothed whale
 Cetacea - Iniidae
Plicodontinia mourai1, Saurocetes sp.1, cf. Ischyrorhynchus sp., Ischyrorhynchus vanbenedeni1
Plicodontinia mourai1 Miranda-Ribeiro 1938 toothed whale
Saurocetes sp.1 Burmeister 1871 toothed whale
cf. Ischyrorhynchus sp. Ameghino 1891 toothed whale
Ischyrorhynchus vanbenedeni1 Ameghino 1891 toothed whale
 Cetacea - Pontoporiidae
Pontoporiidae indet.6
Pontoporiidae indet.6 Gray 1870 toothed whale
1Cozzuol 2006; 2De Iuliis et al. 2011; 3Frailey 1986; 4Gürich 1912; 5Kerber et al. 2017; 6Ribeiro et al. 2013; 7Souza-Filho et al. 2019