PBDB Collection

"Orthoceras" Limestone Community, Late Wenlock to Pridoli (Silurian to of Italy)

Also known as Fluminimaggiore Formation, Late Wenlock to Pridoli

Where: Sardinia, Italy (39.4° N, 8.5° E: paleocoordinates 62.4° S, 54.7° E)

• coordinate based on political unit

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Fluminimaggiore Formation, Wenlock to Wenlock (433.4 - 419.2 Ma)

• Age range reflects a true span, not uncertainty about age. Gnoli (1990, PBDB ref. 7255) refers to Fluminimaggiore Formation.

• formation-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: marine; black limestone and shale

• General for this succession of communities: "Unlike the Carnic Alps, the Silurian-Devonian of Sardinia displays a far less variegated facies picture, being almost exclusively developed in shallow to deeper pelagic environments, with the minor exception of the Emsian Mt. Padenteddu mud mound." For this community:"In Sardinia this community is intimately connected with the gRaptolitic Shale Community on the one side and with the Ceratiocaris Community on the other side, and partly overlaps the Scyphocrinites Community. It contains, or overlaps, the more specialized Cardiola, Bolbozoe bohemica, and 'Entomis' migrans Communites. Bimodal orthocone alignment reflects the effect of wave currents on the sea bottom. A very wide environmental belt, at least BA 3-5, is suggested, where the velocity of sedimentation must have been of the order of 1 Bubnoff."

• Serpagli and Gnoli (1977, PBDB ref. 7252): "black shales rich in graptolites...intercalations of lenses of black limestone..."

Size class: macrofossils

Primary reference: A. Ferretti, M. Gnoli, and G. B. Vai. 1999. Silurian to Lower Devonian communities of Sardinia. In A. J. Boucot and J. D. Lawson (eds.), Paleocommunities--a case study from the Silurian and Lower Devonian 271-281 [M. Foote/M. Foote/S. Kolbe]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 26163: authorized by Michael Foote, entered by Michael Foote on 07.10.2002, edited by Pete Wagner

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

Conodonta
Ozarkodinida - Kockelellidae	Ancoradella ploeckensis Ancoradella ploeckensis Walliser 1964 conodont
Ozarkodinida -	"Ozarkodina remscheidensis" = Nicollidina remscheidensis, Ozarkodina crassa, Ozarkodina sagitta, Ozarkodina bohemica "Ozarkodina remscheidensis" = Nicollidina remscheidensis Ziegler 1960 conodont Ozarkodina crassa conodont Ozarkodina sagitta Walliser 1964 conodont Ozarkodina bohemica Walliser 1964 conodont
Ozarkodinida - Pterospathodontidae	Polygnathoides siluricus Polygnathoides siluricus conodont
Graptolithina
-	Graptolithina indet. Graptolithina indet. graptolite
Rhynchonellata
Pentamerida - Pentameridae	? Pentamerus sp. ? Pentamerus sp. Sowerby 1813
Atrypida - Atrypidae	? Atrypa sp. ? Atrypa sp. Dalman 1828
Orthida - Orthidae	? Orthis sp. ? Orthis sp. Dalman 1828
Athyridida - Meristidae	Merista sp. Merista sp. Suess 1851
Cephalopoda
Discosorida - Phragmoceratidae	Protophragmoceras minus¹, Phragmoceras broderipi¹ Protophragmoceras minus¹ Phragmoceras broderipi¹
Tarphycerida -	? Kosovoceras sandbergeri¹ ? Kosovoceras sandbergeri¹
Oncocerida - Oncoceratidae	Oocerina abdita² Oocerina abdita²
Oncocerida - Oonoceratidae	Oonoceras plebeium², Oonoceras sp.¹ Oonoceras plebeium² Oonoceras sp.¹ Hyatt 1884
Oncocerida - Acleistoceratidae	? Galtoceras sardoum n. sp.² ? Galtoceras sardoum n. sp.²
Oncocerida - Trimeroceratidae	Trimeroceratidae indet.² Trimeroceratidae indet.² Hyatt and Zittel 1900
Actinocerida - Ormoceratidae	? Metarmenoceras meneghinii n. sp.² ? Metarmenoceras meneghinii n. sp.²
Orthocerida -	? Cryptocycloceras cf. deludens¹ ? Cryptocycloceras cf. deludens¹
Orthocerida - Arionoceratidae	? Arionoceras repetitum¹, "Arionoceras affine" = Arionoceras canonicum², Parakionoceras originale² ? Arionoceras repetitum¹ "Arionoceras affine" = Arionoceras canonicum² Meneghini 1843 Parakionoceras originale² Barrande 1868
Orthocerida -	? Murchisoniceras calamoides¹ ? Murchisoniceras calamoides¹
Orthocerida - Orthoceratidae	Merocycloceras declive², Michelinoceras "sp. 1"², Michelinoceras "sp. 2"², Michelinoceras "sp. 3"², Michelinoceras currens², "Orthoceras" cf. richteri², "Arionoceras submoniliforme" = Orthoceras submoniliforme², ? Orthocycloceras fluminese², ? Orthocycloceras cf. lynx², ? Kopaninoceras thyrsus², Kopaninoceras jucundum² Merocycloceras declive² Michelinoceras "sp. 1"² Foerste 1932 Michelinoceras "sp. 2"² Foerste 1932 Michelinoceras "sp. 3"² Foerste 1932 Michelinoceras currens² Barrande 1866 "Orthoceras" cf. richteri² "Arionoceras submoniliforme" = Orthoceras submoniliforme² Meneghini 1857 ? Orthocycloceras fluminese² ? Orthocycloceras cf. lynx² ? Kopaninoceras thyrsus² Barrande 1870 Kopaninoceras jucundum² Barrande 1870
Orthocerida - Sphaerorthoceratidae	Akrosphaerorthoceras gregale², "Sphaerorthoceras" curvum², "Sphaerorthoceras" teicherti², "Sphaerorthoceras" sp.², "Sphaerorthoceras" beatum², Hemicosmorthoceras semiannulatum², Hemicosmorthoceras sp.², Hemicosmorthoceras aff. serratulum¹, Hemicosmorthoceras laterculum², Plagiostomoceras gruenewaldti², Plagiostomoceras cf. pleurotomum², Plagiostomoceras culter¹, "Parasphaerorthoceras" "sp. B sensu Ristedt"², "Parasphaerorthoceras" "sp. H sensu Ristedt"², "Parasphaerorthoceras" "sp. J sensu Ristedt"², "Parasphaerorthoceras" "sp. K sensu Ristedt"² Akrosphaerorthoceras gregale² "Sphaerorthoceras" curvum² "Sphaerorthoceras" teicherti² "Sphaerorthoceras" sp.² Ristedt 1968 "Sphaerorthoceras" beatum² Ristedt 1968 Hemicosmorthoceras semiannulatum² Hemicosmorthoceras sp.² Ristedt 1968 Hemicosmorthoceras aff. serratulum¹ Hemicosmorthoceras laterculum² Ristedt 1968 Plagiostomoceras gruenewaldti² Plagiostomoceras cf. pleurotomum² Barrande 1874 Plagiostomoceras culter¹ Barrande 1866 "Parasphaerorthoceras" "sp. B sensu Ristedt"² Ristedt 1968 "Parasphaerorthoceras" "sp. H sensu Ristedt"² Ristedt 1968 "Parasphaerorthoceras" "sp. J sensu Ristedt"² Ristedt 1968 "Parasphaerorthoceras" "sp. K sensu Ristedt"² Ristedt 1968
Orthocerida - Kionoceratidae	Kionoceras doricum² Kionoceras doricum² Barrande 1868
Orthocerida - Dawsonoceratidae	Anaspyroceras pseudocalamiteum² Anaspyroceras pseudocalamiteum²
Orthocerida -	Vericeras ambigena¹, ? Mericoceras cf. simois¹, ? Mericoceras cf. sericatum¹ Vericeras ambigena¹ ? Mericoceras cf. simois¹ ? Mericoceras cf. sericatum¹
Dissidocerida - Geisonoceratidae	Temperoceras temperans¹, ? Geisonoceras cf. socium¹, Geisonoceras sp.¹, Columenoceras grande, Columenoceras cf. columen², Columenoceras agassizi¹, ? Columenoceras degener¹, ? Columenoceras intermixtum¹, Harrisoceras vibrayei² Temperoceras temperans¹ ? Geisonoceras cf. socium¹ Geisonoceras sp.¹ Hyatt 1884 Columenoceras grande Columenoceras cf. columen² Columenoceras agassizi¹ ? Columenoceras degener¹ ? Columenoceras intermixtum¹ Harrisoceras vibrayei²
Lituitida - Sphooceratidae	Sphooceras truncatum¹ Sphooceras truncatum¹ Barrande 1860
Orthoceratoidea - Protobactritidae	? Protobactrites sp.² ? Protobactrites sp.² Hyatt 1900
Pseudorthocerida - Spyroceratidae	Pseudocycloceras transiens¹ Pseudocycloceras transiens¹
Gastropoda
-	Gastropoda sp.³ Gastropoda sp.³ Cuvier 1795 snail
Euomphalina - Platyceratidae	Platyceras sp., Platyostoma sp. Platyceras sp. Conrad 1840 snail Platyostoma sp. Conrad 1842 snail
Euomphalina - Craspedostomatidae	Spirina sp. Spirina sp. Kayser 1889 snail
Bivalvia
-	"Pelecypoda indet." = Bivalvia "Pelecypoda indet." = Bivalvia Linnaeus 1758 clam
Cyrtodontida - Cardiolidae	Cardiolidae indet., Cardiola sp.² Cardiolidae indet. Hoernes 1884 clam Cardiola sp.² Broderip 1839 clam
Ostracoda
Palaeocopida - Beyrichiidae	Beyrichia sp., Kloedenia sp. Beyrichia sp. M'Coy 1846 ostracod Kloedenia sp. Jones and Holl 1886 ostracod
Cypridinida - Bolbozoidae	Entomozoe sp., Bolbozoe sp. Entomozoe sp. Pribyl 1950 ostracod Bolbozoe sp. Barrande 1872 ostracod
Leperditellocopida - Aparchitidae	Aparchites sp. Aparchites sp. ostracod
Myodocopida - Entomozoidae	Pseudoentomozoe sp., Richteria sp. Pseudoentomozoe sp. ostracod Richteria sp. Jones 1874 ostracod
Myodocopida - Cypridinidae	"Cypridina" sp. "Cypridina" sp. Milne-Edwards 1840 ostracod

¹Gnoli 1990; ²Serpagli and Gnoli 1977; ³Wagner 2023