Manzanares River terrace, near Madrid (Pleistocene of Spain)

Where: Madrid, Spain (40.5° N, 3.8° W: paleocoordinates 40.5° N, 3.8° W)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

When: Middle Pleistocene (0.8 - 0.1 Ma)

• Some archaeology - clactoabbevillian. Not well dated on fauna - ?Middle Pleistocene. Suggested as Cromerian (Mindel) in 1965.

Environment/lithology: fluvial

Size class: macrofossils

Collection methods: Material held at the University of Madrid.

Primary reference: M. Crusafont Pairo. 1965. Zur Obergrenze des Villafranchiums in Spanien. Berichte der Geologischen Gesellschaft in der DDR (Berlin) 10(1):19-48 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan]more details

Purpose of describing collection: biostratigraphic analysis

PaleoDB collection 51817: authorized by Alan Turner, entered by Hannah O'Regan on 21.06.2005

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Mammalia
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Bos sp. Linnaeus 1758 ox
 Artiodactyla - Cervidae
"? Megaceros sp." = Megaloceros, Cervus elaphus
"? Megaceros sp." = Megaloceros Brookes 1828 Irish elk
Cervus elaphus Linnaeus 1758 red deer
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
"Dicerorhinus mercki" = Dihoplus kirchbergensis
"Dicerorhinus mercki" = Dihoplus kirchbergensis Jäger 1839 rhinoceros
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equus sp. Linnaeus 1758 horse
 Proboscidea - Elephantidae
"Elephas (Hesperoloxodon) antiquus" = Palaeoloxodon antiquus
"Elephas (Hesperoloxodon) antiquus" = Palaeoloxodon antiquus Falconer and Cautley 1847 elephant
also down as platyrhinchus selon Graells.