PBDB Collection

Sandarve Kulle, steep hillock 1 km north of Fardhem Church (Silurian of Sweden)

Also known as Formerly: Hemse Beds: Fossils of Hoburgen-type reef limestone (Manten 1971, Table XIX)

Where: Gotland, Sweden (57.3° N, 18.3° E: paleocoordinates 18.7° S, 2.5° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Unit D Member (Hemse Beds Formation), Gorstian (427.4 - 425.6 Ma)

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: reef, buildup or bioherm; reef rocks and limestone

• SEP: clear environmental call based on given info

Collection methods: Riksmuseet

Primary reference: A. A. Manten. 1971. Silurian Reefs of Gotland. Developments in Sedimentology 13:1-539 [M. Foote/M. Foote/P. Wagner]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 13603: authorized by Michael Foote, entered by Michael Foote on 15.04.2002, edited by Pete Wagner

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• Algae also included.

Show authors, comments, and common names

unclassified
-	Protoathyris didyma Protoathyris didyma
Rothpletzella
-	Rothpletzella sp. Rothpletzella sp. Wood 1948
Deuteropoda
-	Ostracoda indet. Ostracoda indet. Latreille 1802 ostracod
Ostracoda
Leperditicopida - Leperditiidae	Leperditia gregaria Leperditia gregaria ostracod
Palaeocopida - Beyrichiidae	"Neobeyrichia nodulosa" = Beyrichia, "Neobeyrichia sp." = Beyrichia "Neobeyrichia nodulosa" = Beyrichia ostracod "Neobeyrichia sp." = Beyrichia M'Coy 1846 ostracod
Palaeocopida -	Hemsiella maccoyana Hemsiella maccoyana ostracod
Trilobita
-	Trilobita indet. Trilobita indet. Walch 1771 trilobite
Phacopida - Encrinuridae	Encrinurus punctatus Encrinurus punctatus Wahlenberg 1821 trilobite
Phacopida - Cheiruridae	Sphaerexochus sp., Sphaerexochus laciniatus Sphaerexochus sp. Beyrich 1845 trilobite Sphaerexochus laciniatus Lindström 1885 trilobite
Phacopida - Dalmanitidae	Dalmanites obtusus Dalmanites obtusus trilobite
Phacopida - Calymenidae	Calymene sp. Calymene sp. Brongniart 1822 trilobite
Proetida - Proetidae	Proetus sp., Proetus conspersus Proetus sp. Steininger 1831 trilobite Proetus conspersus Angelin 1855 trilobite
Corynexochida - Illaenidae	Bumastus sp. Bumastus sp. Murchison 1839 trilobite
Tentaculita
-	"Autodetus calyptratus" = Anticalyptraea "Autodetus calyptratus" = Anticalyptraea
Cornulitida - Cornulitidae	Cornulites serpularius Cornulites serpularius
Cephalopoda
-	Cephalopoda indet. Cephalopoda indet. Cuvier 1797
Tarphycerida - Ophidioceratidae	"Ophidioceras reticulatum" = Ophioceras, "Ophidioceras rota" = Ophioceras "Ophidioceras reticulatum" = Ophioceras "Ophidioceras rota" = Ophioceras
Ascocerida - Ascoceratidae	Ascoceras cucumis, Ascoceras decipiens, Ascoceras manubrium, Ascoceras pupa, Ascoceras reticulatum, Ascoceras sipho, Ascoceras sp., Glossoceras gracile Ascoceras cucumis Ascoceras decipiens Ascoceras manubrium Ascoceras pupa Ascoceras reticulatum Ascoceras sipho Ascoceras sp. Barrande 1847 Glossoceras gracile
Discosorida - Phragmoceratidae	Phragmoceras praecurvum, Phragmoceras sp. Phragmoceras praecurvum Phragmoceras sp. Broderip 1839
Oncocerida -	Gomphoceras sp. Gomphoceras sp. Sowerby 1839
Oncocerida - Trimeroceratidae	Pentameroceras mirum³, Plemeroceras cassis³ Pentameroceras mirum³ Plemeroceras cassis³ Stridsberg 1985
Orthocerida - Orthoceratidae	Orthoceras sp. Orthoceras sp. Breynius 1832
Paragastropoda
Mimospirida - Onychochilidae	Onychochilus reticulatum, "Cyclonema perversum" = Onychochilus perversa Onychochilus reticulatum Lindström 1884 "Cyclonema perversum" = Onychochilus perversa Lindström 1884
Mimospirida - Clisospiridae	"Onychochilus cochleatum" = Mimospira cochleata "Onychochilus cochleatum" = Mimospira cochleata Lindström 1884
Gastropoda
-	Gastropoda indet., Gastropoda sp.⁶ Gastropoda indet. Cuvier 1795 snail Gastropoda sp.⁶ Cuvier 1795 snail
Caenogastropoda - Meekospiridae	"Machrochilina bulimina" = Auriptygma bulimina "Machrochilina bulimina" = Auriptygma bulimina Lindström 1884 snail
Euomphalina - Anomphalidae	Pycnomphalus acutus Pycnomphalus acutus Lindström 1884 snail
Euomphalina - Pseudophoridae	"Trochus cavus" = Pseudophorus cavus "Trochus cavus" = Pseudophorus cavus Lindström 1884 snail
Euomphalina - Euomphalidae	"Pleurotomaria planorbis" = Centrifugus planorbis, "Pleurotomaria cirrhosa" = Euomphalopterus cirrhosa, Poleumita walmstedti⁵, Poleumita discors "Pleurotomaria planorbis" = Centrifugus planorbis Bronn 1835 snail "Pleurotomaria cirrhosa" = Euomphalopterus cirrhosa Lindström 1884 snail Poleumita walmstedti⁵ Lindström 1884 snail Poleumita discors Sowerby 1814 snail
Euomphalina - Oriostomatidae	""Oriostoma" nitidissimum" = Morphotropis nitidissimum, "Holopea nux" = Oriostoma nux, "Cyclonema distans" = Oriostoma distans, "Cyclonema zonatum" = Oriostoma zonatum, "Poleumita globosum" = Oriostoma globosum, Oriostoma coronatum ""Oriostoma" nitidissimum" = Morphotropis nitidissimum Lindström 1884 snail "Holopea nux" = Oriostoma nux Lindström 1884 snail "Cyclonema distans" = Oriostoma distans Lindström 1884 snail "Cyclonema zonatum" = Oriostoma zonatum Lindström 1884 snail "Poleumita globosum" = Oriostoma globosum von Schlotheim 1820 snail Oriostoma coronatum Lindström 1884 snail
Euomphalina - Craspedostomatidae	Craspedostoma glabrum, Craspedostoma elegantulum Craspedostoma glabrum Lindström 1884 snail Craspedostoma elegantulum Lindström 1884 snail
Euomphalina - Platyceratidae	Cyclonema sp., Cyclonema apicatum, Cyclonema cancellatum, "Platyceras cornutum" = Platyostoma cornutum, "Platyostoma cornutum" = Platyostoma cornutum⁶, "Cyclonema adstrictum" = Platyostoma adstrictum Cyclonema sp. Hall 1852 snail Cyclonema apicatum Lindström 1884 snail Cyclonema cancellatum Angelin and Lindström 1880 snail "Platyceras cornutum" = Platyostoma cornutum Hisinger 1837 snail "Platyostoma cornutum" = Platyostoma cornutum⁶ Hisinger 1837 snail "Cyclonema adstrictum" = Platyostoma adstrictum Lindström 1884 snail
Bellerophontida - Bellerophontidae	"Bellerophon gemma" = Bucanopsis gemma "Bellerophon gemma" = Bucanopsis gemma Lindström 1884 snail
Bellerophontida - Bucaniidae	Tremanotus compressus, Megalomphala gotlandica², "Bellerophon taenia" = Megalomphala taenia Tremanotus compressus Lindström 1884 snail Megalomphala gotlandica² Peel 1991 snail "Bellerophon taenia" = Megalomphala taenia Lindström 1884 snail
Murchisoniina - Lophospiridae	"Murchisonia imbricata" = Frodospira imbricata, "Murchisonia cochleata" = Frodospira cochleata, "Lophospira gothlandica" = Loxoplocus gothlandicus⁴ "Murchisonia imbricata" = Frodospira imbricata Lindström 1884 snail "Murchisonia cochleata" = Frodospira cochleata Lindström 1884 snail "Lophospira gothlandica" = Loxoplocus gothlandicus⁴ Ulrich and Scofield 1897 snail
Murchisoniina - Subulitidae	"Euchrysalis lineolata" = Subulites lineolata "Euchrysalis lineolata" = Subulites lineolata Lindström 1884 snail
Murchisoniina - Murchisoniidae	"Murchisonia attenuata" = Michelia whiteavesi, Murchisonia deflexa, "Murchisonia paradoxa" = Morania paradoxa "Murchisonia attenuata" = Michelia whiteavesi Clarke and Ruedemann 1903 snail Murchisonia deflexa Lindström 1884 snail "Murchisonia paradoxa" = Morania paradoxa Lindström 1884 snail
Murchisoniina - Hormotomidae	"Murchisonia compressa" = Catazone compressa "Murchisonia compressa" = Catazone compressa Lindström 1884 snail
Murchisoniina - Gosseletinidae	"Pleurotomaria gradata" = Conotoma gradata, ""Pleurotomaria" linnarsoni" = Stenoloron linnarssoni, "Pleurotomaria voluta" = Platyloron voluta "Pleurotomaria gradata" = Conotoma gradata Lindström 1884 snail ""Pleurotomaria" linnarsoni" = Stenoloron linnarssoni Lindström 1884 snail "Pleurotomaria voluta" = Platyloron voluta Lindström 1884 snail
Murchisoniina - Porcelliidae	"Murchisonia cancellata" = Quadricarina cancellata, "Pleurotomaria glandiformis" = Quadricarina glandiformis "Murchisonia cancellata" = Quadricarina cancellata Lindström 1884 snail "Pleurotomaria glandiformis" = Quadricarina glandiformis Lindström 1884 snail
Murchisoniina - Phanerotrematidae	"Pleurotomaria lloydi" = Ulrichospira lloydii "Pleurotomaria lloydi" = Ulrichospira lloydii de Sowerby and Murchison 1839 snail
Murchisoniina - Loxonematidae	"Murchisonia crispa" = Loxonema crispa, Loxonema fasciatum, Loxonema strangulatum, "Holopella minuta" = Rhabdostropha minuta "Murchisonia crispa" = Loxonema crispa Lindström 1884 snail Loxonema fasciatum Lindström 1884 snail Loxonema strangulatum Lindström 1884 snail "Holopella minuta" = Rhabdostropha minuta Lindström 1884 snail
Murchisoniina - Soleniscidae	"Machrochilina cancellata" = Decorochilina cancellata "Machrochilina cancellata" = Decorochilina cancellata Lindström 1884 snail
Rostroconchia
Conocardiida -	Conocardioidea sp.⁶ Conocardioidea sp.⁶ Miller 1889
Tergomya
Tryblidiida - Tryblidiidae	"Palaeacmaea solarium" = Pilina solarium "Palaeacmaea solarium" = Pilina solarium Lindström 1884
Bivalvia
-	"Lamellibranchiata indet." = Bivalvia "Lamellibranchiata indet." = Bivalvia Linnaeus 1758 clam
Nuculanida - Malletiidae	Caesariella lindensis¹ Caesariella lindensis¹ Soot-Ryen 1964 clam Soot-Ryen 1964
Ostreida - Pterineidae	Pterinea nodulosa, Actinopterella sp. Pterinea nodulosa oyster Actinopterella sp. Williams 1908 oyster
Ostreida - Rhombopteriidae	Rhombopteria sp. Rhombopteria sp. Jackson 1890 oyster
Myalinida - Ambonychiidae	Mytilarca sp.¹ Mytilarca sp.¹ Hall and Whitfield 1869 clam
Cyrtodontida - Cyrtodontidae	Yonginella amica¹ Yonginella amica¹ Liljedahl 1992 clam
Arcida - Frejidae	Freja nodosa¹ Freja nodosa¹ clam (Soot-Ryen 1964)
Lucinida - Lucinidae	Ilionia prisca Ilionia prisca Hisinger 1837 clam
Modiomorphida - Cypricardiniidae	Cypricardinia crispula Cypricardinia crispula clam
Modiomorphida - Modiomorphidae	Goniophora sp.¹, "Goniophora cymbaeformis" = Goniophora (Goniophora) cymbaeformis Goniophora sp.¹ Phillips 1848 clam "Goniophora cymbaeformis" = Goniophora (Goniophora) cymbaeformis Sowerby 1839 clam
Brachiopoda
-	Brachiopoda indet. Brachiopoda indet. Cuvier 1805
Rhynchonellata
Athyridida - Rhynchospirinidae	Rhynchospirina baylei Rhynchospirina baylei
Athyridida - Dayiidae	Dayia navicula Dayia navicula Sowerby 1839
Spiriferida - Cyrtiidae	Eospirifer interlineatus, Eospirifer schmidti Eospirifer interlineatus Eospirifer schmidti
Spiriferida - Delthyrididae	Delthyris elevata, ""Spirifer" insignis" = Holcospirifer insignis Delthyris elevata Dalman 1828 ""Spirifer" insignis" = Holcospirifer insignis Hedström 1923 Hedstroem
Orthida - Plaesiomyidae	Dinorthis rigida Dinorthis rigida
Orthida - Hesperorthidae	Ptychopleurella bouchardi Ptychopleurella bouchardi Davidson 1847
Orthida - Dicoelosiidae	Dicoelosia biloba Dicoelosia biloba Linnaeus 1758
Orthida - Dalmanellidae	Levenea canaliculata Levenea canaliculata Lindström 1861
Orthida - Draboviidae	""Orthis" tubulata" = Salopina tubulata ""Orthis" tubulata" = Salopina tubulata Lindström 1861
Atrypida - Atrypidae	Atrypa reticularis, Plectatrypa marginalis Atrypa reticularis Linnaeus 1758 Plectatrypa marginalis
Atrypida - Lissatrypidae	Lissatrypa sp. Lissatrypa sp. Twenhofel 1914
Rhynchonellida - Hebetoechiidae	Sphaerirhynchia wilsoni Sphaerirhynchia wilsoni de Sowerby 1816
Pentamerida - Pentameridae	"Conchidium knighti" = Kirkidium knighti "Conchidium knighti" = Kirkidium knighti Sowerby 1813
Pentamerida - Subrianidae	Conchidium conchidium Conchidium conchidium
Pentamerida - Gypidulidae	Gypidula galeata Gypidula galeata Dalman 1828
Strophomenata
Strophomenida - Leptaenoideidae	? Leptaenoidea ? silurica ? Leptaenoidea ? silurica Hedström 1917
Strophomenida - Leptostrophiidae	Leptostrophia impressa Leptostrophia impressa
Strophomenida - Rafinesquinidae	Leptaena rhomboidalis Leptaena rhomboidalis Wahlenberg 1818
Craniata
Craniopsida - Craniopsidae	Craniops implicata Craniops implicata
Lingulata
Lingulida - Lingulidae	Lingula lewisi Lingula lewisi
Lingulida - Discinidae	Orbiculoidea sp. Orbiculoidea sp. d'Orbigny 1847
Bryozoa
-	Bryozoa indet. Bryozoa indet. Ehrenberg 1831
Stenolaemata
Cystoporata - Fistuliporidae	Fistulipora sp. Fistulipora sp. McCoy 1850
Polychaeta
Sabellida - Serpulidae	Spirorbis sp. Spirorbis sp. Daudin 1800
Crinoidea
-	Crinoidea indet. Crinoidea indet. Miller 1821 Sea lily
Anthozoa
-	Anthozoa indet. Anthozoa indet. Ehrenberg 1834
Favositida - Favositidae	Favosites sp., Favosites gothlandicus Favosites sp. Lamarck 1816 tabulate coral Favosites gothlandicus Lamarck 1816 tabulate coral
Favositida - Syringolitidae	"Roemeria kunthiana" = Syringolites kunthianus "Roemeria kunthiana" = Syringolites kunthianus Lindström 1896 tabulate coral
Favositida - Coenitidae	Coenites variabilis Coenites variabilis tabulate coral
Auloporida - Syringoporidae	Syringopora sp. Syringopora sp. Goldfuss 1826 tabulate coral
Auloporida - Auloporidae	Aulopora reomeri, Aulopora sp. Aulopora reomeri tabulate coral Aulopora sp. Goldfuss 1829 tabulate coral
Heliolitida - Heliolitidae	Heliolites interstinctus, Heliolites parvistella, Heliolites sp., Heliolites barrandei Heliolites interstinctus tabulate coral Heliolites parvistella tabulate coral Heliolites sp. Dana 1846 tabulate coral Heliolites barrandei Penecke 1887 tabulate coral
Heliolitida - Proporidae	Diploepora grayi Diploepora grayi tabulate coral
Heliolitida - Plasmoporidae	Plasmopora heliolitoides, Plasmopora rosa, Plasmopora rudis, Plasmopora suprema Plasmopora heliolitoides tabulate coral Plasmopora rosa tabulate coral Plasmopora rudis tabulate coral Plasmopora suprema tabulate coral
Heliolitida - Halysitidae	Halysites catenularius Halysites catenularius Linnaeus 1767 tabulate coral
Cystiphyllida - Cystiphyllidae	"Hedstroemophyllum sp." = Cystiphyllum (Hedstroemophyllum) "Hedstroemophyllum sp." = Cystiphyllum (Hedstroemophyllum) Wedekind 1927 horn coral
Stauriida - Cyathophyllidae	Cyathophyllum disectum, Cyathophyllum sp. Cyathophyllum disectum horn coral Cyathophyllum sp. Goldfuss 1826 horn coral
Stauriida - Entelophyllidae	Entelophyllum fasciculatum Entelophyllum fasciculatum horn coral
Stauriida - Acervulariidae	Acervularia ananas Acervularia ananas horn coral
Stromatoporoidea
Stromatoporoidea -	Stromatoporoidea indet. Stromatoporoidea indet. stromatoporoid sponge
Labechiida - Labechiidae	Labechia conferta Labechia conferta Lonsdale 1839 stromatoporoid sponge
Rhodophyceae
- Solenoporaceae	Solenopora sp. Solenopora sp. Dybowski 1877
Algae
Algae -	Algae indet. Algae indet.

¹Liljedahl 1992; ²Peel 1991; ³Stridsberg 1985; ⁴Ulrich and Scofield 1897; ⁵Wagner 1999; ⁶Wagner 2023