PBDB Collection

Pasalar: MN 5, Turkey

List of taxa

Where & when

Geology

Taphonomy & methods

Metadata & references

Taxonomic list

unclassified

	Sciuropteridae indet.
Mammalia - Talpidae

	Talpidae indet. (Fischer de Waldheim 1817)
	"Talpidae sp. 1"
	= Desmanodon cf. minor Engesser 1980	Engesser 1980
Mammalia - Soricidae

	Soricidae indet. Fischer 1814
	Soricidae sp. (small form)
Mammalia - Erinaceidae

	Galerix cf. moedlingensis Rabeder 1973
	= Schizogalerix pasalarensis Engesser 1980	Engesser 1980

	Erinaceinae indet. Fischer de Waldheim 1817
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae

	Pseudaelurus larteti
	"Pseudailurus (Schizailurus) larteti"

	Pseudaelurus cf. quadridentatus (de Blainville 1843)
	"Pseudailurus cr. quadridentatus"
Mammalia - Carnivora - Hyaenidae

	Protictitherium intermedium Schmidt-Kittler 1976
	recombined as Protoviverrops intermedium

	Protictitherium sp. Kretzoi 1938
	"Protictitherium sp. I"

	Protictitherium aff. gaillardi Forsyth Major 1903
Mammalia - Carnivora - Ursidae

	Ursavus cf. primaevus Gaillard 1899

	Ursavus aff. intermedius von Koenigswald 1925

	Hemicyon sansaniensis Lartet 1851

	Plithocyon sp. Ginsburg 1955
Mammalia - Carnivora

	Proputorius sp. Filhol 1890
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mustelidae

	Plesiogulo sp. Zdansky 1934
	said to be new

	Trochictis sp. von Meyer 1842

	Lutrinae indet. Baird 1857
	"Lutrinae sp. I"
Mammalia - Carnivora - Amphicyonidae

	Amphicyon cf. major De Blainville 1841
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae

	Anchitherium sp. von Meyer 1844
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Tapiridae

	Tapirus sp. Brisson 1762
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae

	Beliajevina tekkayai Heissig 1974
	recombined as Procoelodonta (Pasalarhinus) tekkayai
Mammalia - Suidae

	Conohyus sp. Pilgrim 1926

	Listriodon splendens
Mammalia

	Schizochoerus sp. Crusafont-Pairo and Lavocat 1954
Mammalia - Bovidae

	Bovidae indet. Gray 1821

	Prostrepsiceros cf. rotundicornis

	Protoryx cf. carolinae Major 1891
Mammalia - Cervidae

	Cervidae indet. Gray 1821
Mammalia - Primates - Hominidae

	Sivapithecus darwini

	Ramapithecus wickeri
	synonym of Sivapithecus
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Ochotonidae

	Alloptox sp. Dawson 1961
	"Alloptox n.sp. 1"

	Prolagus cf. oeningensis (König 1825)
Mammalia - Rodentia - Ctenodactylidae

	Ctenodactylidae indet. Gervais 1853
Mammalia - Rodentia - Gliridae

	Peridyromys lavocati n. sp. Pelaez-Campomanes and Daams 2002	Pelaez-Campomanes and Daams 2002

	Pseudodryomys sp. de Bruijn 1966
Mammalia - Rodentia - Sciuridae

	cf. Spermophilinus bredai (von Meyer 1848)
Mammalia - Rodentia - Spalacidae

	cf. Rhizomys sp. Gray 1831
Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae

	Democricetodon sp. Fahlbusch 1964

	Megacricetodon sp. (Fahlbusch 1964)
	= Megacricetodon andrewsi n. sp. Pelaez-Campomanes and Daams 2002	Pelaez-Campomanes and Daams 2002

	Cricetodon sp. Lartet 1851
	"Cricedoton ('Palaeocricetus') sp."
Mammalia - Rodentia - Dipodidae

	Dipodidae indet. Waterhouse 1842
Mammalia - Tubulidentata - Orycteropodidae

	Orycteropus sp. Geoffroy 1791
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae

	Gomphotherium angustidens Burmeister 1837
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Deinotheriidae

	Deinotherium giganteum Kaup 1829
Mammalia - Chiroptera

	Chiroptera indet. Blumenbach 1779
Reptilia - Chamaeleonidae

	Chamaeleonidae informal indet. 3 Gray 1825	Georgalis et al. 2022
	A fragment of a left dentary (BP 2019-181)
Reptilia - Testudines - Geoemydidae

	Mauremys cf. caspica (Gmelin 1774)	Staesche et al. 2007
see common names

Geography

Country:	Turkey	State/province:	Bursa
Coordinates:	40.0° North, 28.3° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:	40.1° North, 28.7° East
Basis of coordinate:	based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:	outcrop

Time

Period:	Neogene	Epoch:	Miocene
Stage:	Langhian	10 m.y. bin:	Cenozoic 5
Key time interval:	MN 5
Age range of interval:	15.98000 - 13.82000 m.y. ago

Stratigraphy

Stratigraphic resolution:

bed

Lithology and environment

Primary lithology:	concretionary,gray,green calcareous siltstone
Secondary lithology:	fine,pebbly,gray,white sandy sandstone
Includes fossils?	Y
Lithology description: "The fossiliferous sediments consist of 2.2 m of silts and sandstones, often quite coarse"; there are two fossiliferous levels, the upper a "0.8 m grey-green silt, unbedded, with many small calcareous concretions" and the lower a "1.0 m whitish to light grey sand, fine grained, unbedded, with frequent lenses of coarser sands and gravels... badly sorted, non calcified"; the list pertains only to the lower bed
Environment:	fluvial indet.
Geology comments: "fluviatile, with rapid sedimentation in high energy conditions in the main fossiliferous bed followed by quieter conditions, but with occasional high energy episodes, later on" that probably represents "initial molasse-like fill of a tectonic basin near the lower slopes of a mountain range"

Taphonomy

Modes of preservation:	body
Size of fossils:	macrofossils,mesofossils
Disassociated minor elements:	many
Fragmentation:	frequent

Collection methods and comments

Reason for describing collection:	general faunal/floral analysis
Collection method comments: "discovered in 1969 during a lignite exploration... Some of these localities [including Pasalar] were subsequently investigated by a German research team"

Metadata

Also known as:	Paşalar
Database number:	68547
Authorizer:	L. van den Hoek Ostende, J. Alroy, E. Vlachos, J. Head	Enterer:	L. van den Hoek Ostende, J. Alroy, G. Varnham, E. Vlachos
Modifier:	G. Varnham	Research group:	vertebrate
Created:	2007-01-25 16:28:07	Last modified:	2023-06-29 04:33:38
Access level:	the public	Released:	2007-01-25 16:28:07
Creative Commons license:	CC BY

Reference information

Primary reference:

24292.

P. Andrews and H. Tobien. 1977. New Miocene locality in Turkey with evidence of the origin of Ramapithecus and Sivapithecus. Nature 268:699-701 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]

Secondary references:

19450		B. Engesser. 1980. Insectivora und Chiroptera (Mammalia) aus dem Neogen der Türkei. Schweizerischen Paläontologischen Abhandlungen 102:46-149 [L. van den Hoek Ostende/L. van den Hoek Ostende/L. van den Hoek Ostende]
85133		G. L. Georgalis, A. Čerňanský, F. Göktaş, B. Alpagut, A. and S. Mayda. 2022. The antiquity of asian chameleons - first potential Chameleonidae and associated squamate fauna from the lower and middle Miocene of Anatolia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 42(2):e2160644 [J. Head/G. Varnham/G. Varnham]
26760		P. Pelaez-Campomanes and R. Daams. 2002. Middle Miocene rodents from Paşalar, Anatolia, Turkey. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 47(1):125-132 [L. van den Hoek Ostende/L. van den Hoek Ostende]
61765		K. Staesche, H.V. Karl, and U. Staesche. 2007. Fossile Schildkroten aus der Turkei. In U. Staesche (ed.), Fossile Schildkroten aus drei Kontinenten 98:91-149 [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos]