PBDB Collection

Hyopsodus Hill: Bridgerian, Wyoming
collected by A. Wood

List of taxa

Where & when

Geology

Taphonomy & methods

Metadata & references

Taxonomic list

Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Megophryidae

	Megophryinae indet. Nobel 1931	Hecht 1959	1 specimen
	spelled with current rank as Megophryidae
	AMNH 3832, incomplete sacrum
Amphibia - Temnospondyli

	Diplasiocoela indet. Nichols 1916	Hecht 1959	1 specimen
	AMNH 3833, incompletely preserved sacrum
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Rhinophrynidae

	Eorhinophrynus septentrionalis n. sp. Hecht 1959	Hecht 1959	1 specimen
	AMNH 3818 (holotype), single complete atlas
Reptilia - Crocodylia

	Crocodylia indet. (Owen 1842)	Hecht 1959
	"Crocodilia", scattered fragmentary remains; no specimen no.s given
Reptilia

	Boavus sp. Marsh 1871	Hecht 1959
	AMNH 3809, "abundant remains"
Reptilia - Boidae

	Calamagras primus n. sp. Hecht 1959	Hecht 1959
	Misspelled "Calamagrus" in text: AMNH 3828 (holotype), nearly complete anterior mid-thoracic vertebra; additional referred vertebrae also found at this locality

	Paraepicrates brevispondylus n. sp. Hecht 1959	Hecht 1959	1 specimen
	AMNH 3829, complete mid-thoracic vertebra
Reptilia - Tropidophiidae

	Dunnophis microechinis n. sp. Hecht 1959	Hecht 1959
	AMNH 3830 (holotype), complete mid-thoracic vertebra; referred specimens include unspecified vertebrae
Reptilia - Aniliidae

	Coniophis platycarinatus n. sp. Hecht 1959	Hecht 1959	1 specimen
	AMNH 3827 (holotype), incomplete mid-thoracic vertebra
	= Borealilysia sp. Head 2020	Head 2020

	Coniophis carinatus n. sp. Hecht 1959	Hecht 1959
	recombined as Borealilysia carinata
	AMNH 3826 (holotype), incomplete mid-thoracic vertebra; several referred specimens including [no cat. no.], a tiny vertebra less that 2.2mm long
Reptilia - Xantusiidae

	Palaeoxantusia fera n. gen., n. sp. Hecht 1956	Hecht 1956	2 specimens
	referred specimen AMNH 3821, splenio-dentary; type is also said by Hecht (1959) to be from locality 5, but is in "S.W. 1/4 sect. 34, T. 29 N., R. 105 W." according to Hecht (1956), which is the section north of the one including Hyopsodus Hill and including locality 6
Reptilia - Rhineuridae

	Rhineura sp. Cope 1861	Hecht 1959	1 specimen
	AMNH 3811

	Lestophis sp. Marsh 1885	Hecht 1959	2 specimens
	AMNH 3824, incomplete vertebra; AMNH 3825, vertebra
Reptilia - Teiidae

	Teiidae indet. Gray 1827	Hecht 1959	1 specimen
	AMNH 3812, badly broken dentaries
Reptilia

	Parasaniwa sp. Gilmore 1928	Hecht 1959	1 specimen
	AMNH 3820, single fragment of left maxilla
	= Necrosauridae informal gen. indet.	Gao and Fox 1996
	'these materials likely belong to another genus'
	= Entomophontes hutchisoni Smith and Gauthier 2013	Smith and Gauthier 2013
	Additional specimen: AMNH 4959, left maxilla

	Saniwa sp. Leidy 1870	Hecht 1959
	AMNH 3813, vertebrae from the anterior and posterior thoracic region and the caudal region; AMNH 3814, almost complete dentary; multiple other specimens not described

	Thinosaurus stenodon	Hecht 1959	1 specimen
	synonym of Saniwa
	Either AMNH 3822 or 3823 (text unclear), fragment bearing acrodont teeth

	Peltosaurus sp. Cope 1873	Hecht 1959
	"several incomplete dentaries"
Reptilia - Anguidae

	Xestops sp. Cope 1873	Hecht 1959	1 specimen
	AMNH 3834, two osteoscutes

	cf. Xestops sp. Cope 1873	ElShafie 2024

	Dimetopisaurus wyomingensis n. sp. Hecht 1959	Hecht 1959	1 specimen
	synonym of Oreosaurus vagans
	AMNH 3819 (holotype), single frontal
Mammalia - Apatemyidae

	Apatemys sp. Marsh 1872	West and Atkins 1970
Mammalia - Chiroptera

	Chiroptera indet. Blumenbach 1779	McKenna et al. 1962
Mammalia - Condylarthra - Hyopsodontidae

	Hyopsodus lepidus Matthew 1909
Mammalia - Creodonta - Hyaenodontidae

	Sinopa major Wortman 1902	Tomiya et al. 2021
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae

	Orohippus sp. Marsh 1872
	two forms
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Brontotheriidae

	Manteoceras manteoceras (Matthew 1899)
	original and current combination Palaeosyops manteoceras
	(1 measurement)
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Hyrachyidae

	Hyrachyus cf. eximius Leidy 1871
	(1 measurement)
Mammalia - Phenacodontidae

	Phenacodus primaevus (Cope 1873)
	= Phenacodus sp. Cope 1873	West and Atkins 1970
Mammalia - Diacodexeidae

	Neodiacodexis emryi West and Atkins 1970	West and Atkins 1970
Mammalia - Geolabididae

	Didelphodus altidens (Marsh 1872)	McKenna et al. 1962
	original and current combination Centetodon altidens

	Centetodon bembicophagus Lillegraven et al. 1981	Lillegraven et al. 1981

	Centetodon pulcher Marsh 1872	McKenna et al. 1962

	Diacodon bacchanalis n. sp. McGrew et al. 1959
	recombined as Centetodon bacchanalis
Mammalia - Nyctitheriidae

	Scenopagus priscus (Marsh 1872)	Krishtalka 1976
	original and current combination Nyctitherium priscus
	a new specimen (AMNH 56060) not described earlier

	Talpavus cf. nitidus Marsh 1872	McKenna et al. 1962
	recombined as Nyctitherium nitidum
	supported by Krishtalka 1976a, contra Russell et al. 1975

	Nyctitherium velox Marsh 1872
	described by Krishtalka 1976b
Mammalia - Apternodontidae

	Soricidae indet. Fischer 1814
	= Apternodontidae indet. Matthew 1910	McKenna et al. 1962
Mammalia - Rodentia - Paramyidae

	Paramys excavatus Loomis 1907
	= Paramyidae informal indet. A Miller and Gidley 1918	Korth 1984
	generically indeterminate; referred to "P. excavatus nr. gardneri" by Wood 1962

	Leptotomus sp. Matthew 1910
	= Paramyidae informal indet. B Miller and Gidley 1918	Alroy 2002
Mammalia - Rodentia - Sciuravidae

	Sciuravus nitidus Marsh 1871

	Taxymys lucaris Marsh 1872
Mammalia - Rodentia - Reithroparamyidae

	Reithroparamys delicatissimus (Leidy 1871)
Mammalia - Rodentia - Ischyromyidae

	Microparamys wyomingensis n. sp. Wood 1959
	recombined as Paramys wyomingensis

	Paramys delicatior Leidy 1871
Mammalia - Primates - Omomyidae

	Washakius insignis Leidy 1873
	(4 measurements)
Mammalia - Primates - Microsyopidae

	Microsyops cf. annectens (Marsh 1872)	West and Atkins 1970

	Uintasorex parvulus Matthew 1909
	(1 measurement)
Mammalia

	Peratherium sp. Aymard 1850
	= Herpetotheriinae indet. Trouessart 1879	Alroy 2002
	spelled with current rank as Herpetotheriidae
	about the size of P. comstocki

	Peratherium knighti n. sp. McGrew et al. 1959
	recombined as Herpetotherium knighti
	(5 measurements)
Gastropoda - Heterostropha - Urocoptidae

	? Holospira sp. Martens 1860	McKenna et al. 1962	1 individual
Gastropoda - Heterostropha - Bulimulidae

	Oreoconus sp. McKenna et al. 1962	McKenna et al. 1962	1 individual
	may be O. planispira
Gastropoda - Heterostropha - Planorbidae

	Planorbina pseudoammonius	McKenna et al. 1962	1 individual
see common names

Geography

Country:	United States	State/province:	Wyoming	County:	Sublette
Coordinates:	42.4° North, 109.3° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:	46.3° North, 95.3° West
Basis of coordinate:	stated in text
Geographic resolution:	small collection

Time

Period:	Paleogene	Epoch:	Eocene
10 m.y. bin:	Cenozoic 2
*Period:	Tertiary
Key time interval:	Bridgerian	Mammal zone:	Br3
Age range of interval:	50.50000 - 46.20000 m.y. ago
Age estimate:	46.92 ± 0.17 Ma (unknown)
* legacy (obsolete) database fields

Stratigraphy

Formation:	Bridger
Local section:	GRBsn	Local bed:	6
Local order:	bottom to top
Stratigraphic resolution:	group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: Late Bridgerian NALMA (Br3), 46.92 ± 0.17 Ma

Lithology and environment

Primary lithology:	not reported
Environment:	terrestrial indet.

Taphonomy

Modes of preservation:	body
Size of fossils:	macrofossils,mesofossils

Collection methods and comments

Collection methods:	surface (float),surface (in situ),field collection
Reason for describing collection:	general faunal/floral analysis
Museum repositories:	AMNH
Collectors:	A. Wood

Metadata

Also known as:	UCMP V5626; Tabernacle Butte Locality 5
Database number:	16244
Authorizer:	J. Alroy, P. Mannion, R. Whatley, P. Barrett, R. Benson, P. Holroyd	Enterer:	J. Alroy, P. Mannion, T. Cleary, R. Benson, P. Holroyd, R. Whatley
Modifier:	P. Holroyd	Research group:	vertebrate
Created:	1993-02-18 00:00:00	Last modified:	2024-01-07 17:53:42
Access level:	the public	Released:	1993-02-18 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:	CC BY

Reference information

Primary reference:

2523.

P. O. McGrew, J. E. Berman, M. K. Hecht, J. M. Hummel, G. G. Simpson and A. E. Wood. 1959. The geology and paleontology of the Elk Mountain and Tabernacle Butte area, Wyoming. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 117(3):117-176 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/R. Whatley]

Secondary references:

6294		J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Kouvari]
87093		S. J. ElShafie. 2024. Body size estimation from isolated fossil bones reveals deep time evolutionary trends in North American lizards. PLoS ONE 19(1:e0296318):1-25 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd]
26905		L. S. Fichter. 1969. Geographical distribution and osteological variation in fossil and Recent specimens of two species of Kinosternon (Testudines). Journal of Herpetology 3(3/4):113-119 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
37933		K. -Q. Gao and R. C. Fox. 1996. Taxonomy and evolution of Late Cretaceous lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from western Canada. Bulletin of the Carnegie Museum of natural History 33:1-107 [R. Benson/R. Benson]
74641		J. J. Head. 2020. A South American snake lineage from the Eocene Greenhouse of North America and a reappraisal of the fossil record of “anilioid” snakes. Geobios [E. Vlachos/E. Vlachos/P. Mannion]
26913		M. K. Hecht. 1956. A new xantusiid lizard from the Eocene of Wyoming. American Museum Novitates 1774:1-8 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
59968		M. K. Hecht. 1959. Amphibians and Reptiles (in: The Geology and Paleontology of the Elk Mountain and Tabernacle Butte area, Wyoming). In P. O. McGrew (ed.), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 117(3):130-176 [P. Barrett/T. Cleary]
2105		W. W. Korth. 1984. Earliest Tertiary evolution and radiation of rodents in North America. Bulletin of Carnegie Museum of Natural History 24:1-71 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
2170		L. Krishtalka. 1976. Early Tertiary Adapisoricidae and Erinaceidae (Mammalia, Insectivora) of North America. Bulletin of Carnegie Museum of Natural History 1 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]
2241		J. A. Lillegraven, M. C. McKenna, and L. Kristalka. 1981. Evolutionary relationships of middle Eocene and younger species of Centetodon (Mammalia, Insectivora, Geolabididae) with a description of the dentition of Ankylodon (Adapisoricidae). University of Wyoming Publication 45:1-115 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
2542		M. C. McKenna, P. Robinson, and D. W. Taylor. 1962. Notes on Eocene Mammalia and Mollusca from Tabernacle Butte, Wyoming. American Museum Novitates 2102:1-33 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/R. Whatley]
60296		K. T. Smith and J. A. Gauthier. 2013. Early Eocene lizards of the Wasatch Formation near Bitter Creek, Wyoming: diversity and paleoenvironment during an interval of global warming. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 54(2):135-230 [P. Barrett/T. Cleary]
78605		S. Tomiya, S. P. Zack, M. Spaulding and J. J. Flynn. 2021. Carnivorous mammals from the middle Eocene Washakie Formation, Wyoming, USA, and their diversity trajectory in a post-warming world. Journal of Paleontology Memoir 95(82):1-115 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd]
3587		R. M. West. 1969. Paramys wyomingensis, a small rodent from the middle Eocene of Wyoming. Journal of Paleontology 43(1):175-178 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Carrano]
3608		R. M. West and E. G. Atkins. 1970. Additional Middle Eocene (Bridgerian) mammals from Tabernacle Butte, Sublette County, Wyoming. American Museum Novitates 2404:1-26 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]