Church Buttes: Bridgerian, Wyoming
collected by Marsh, Smith

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Reptilia
Boavus occidentalis Marsh 1871
Gilmore 1938 1 specimen
AMNH 6058, portions of 28 thoracic vertebrae
Aquila antiqua n. sp. Shufeldt 1913
Wetmore 1921
recombined as Minerva antiqua
1905 Sinclair specimen from "Church Buttes"
Reptilia - Testudines
Trionyx guttatus n. sp. Leidy 1869
Leidy 1869 1 specimen
nomen dubium belonging to Pantrionychidae
lost holotype carapace reported by Leidy (1869)
Trionyx heteroglyptus n. sp. Cope 1873
Hay 1908 1 specimen
nomen dubium belonging to Pantrionychidae
AMNH 1039, holotype hinder half of a carapace and the complete nuchal bone collected in 1872, by Professor Cope, on the summit of Church Butte
Anosteira ornata Leidy 1871
Hay 1908
some of the four, now lost, types (possibly including USNM 4062), others were from Grizzly Buttes [PaleoDB collection 16228]
Reptilia - Testudines - Geoemydidae
Echmatemys ocyrrhoe n. sp. Hay 1908
Hay 1908
synonym of Echmatemys stevensoniana
AMNH 5933 (holotype), an almost complete shell (Hay 1908, figs. 432, 433)
Reptilia - Baenidae
Baena affinis n. sp. Leidy 1871
Gaffney 1972 1 specimen
ANSP 10055 (type specimen of Baena affinis Leidy, 1871a, p. 367; Leidy, 1873, p. 163, pl. 13 fig. 3), a shell, collected by J. Van A. Carter
Baena arenosa Leidy 1870
Leidy 1873
A second nearly complete specimen of a shell of Baena was discovered by Dr. J. Van A. Carter at Church Buttes, on Black's Fork of Green River, three miles north of Fort Bridger, and was obligingly sent to the writer as a gift.
Mammalia - Condylarthra - Hyopsodontidae
Hyopsodus paulus n. sp. Leidy 1870
Matthew 1909
of Leidy from "Lower Bridger," said by Redline 1997 to be from "Smith's Fork," and Gazin 1976 to be from general "Fort Bridger" area; also specimen of West 1979 from "low B" (1 measurement)
Hyopsodus minusculus Leidy 1873
West 1979
"low B" (1 measurement)
Mammalia - Primates - Omomyidae
Washakius insignis Leidy 1873
Gazin 1958
Bridger B
Mammalia - Primates - Notharctidae
Notharctus tenebrosus Leidy 1870
Robinson 1957
Notharctus pugnax Granger and Gregory 1917
Granger and Gregory 1917
synonym of Notharctus tenebrosus
"low down in Horizon B"; matches second, much larger group of "N. tenebrosus" specimens in chart of Robinson 1957; see also Gingerich 1979a
Mammalia - Acreodi - Mesonychidae
Mesonyx obtusidens Cope 1872
Thorpe 1923
Mammalia
Miacis hargeri (Wortman 1901)
original and current combination Vulpavus hargeri
level not stated; see also Thorpe 1923a
Mammalia - Creodonta - Hyaenodontidae
Tritemnodon agilis (Marsh 1872)
lower Bridger, see Thorpe 1923a
Sinopa sp. Leidy 1871
Matthew 1909
Bridger B2; compared to S. pungens and S. rapax and definitely not the same as the type of S. major, which was said to be from Church Buttes by Thorpe 1923a, although this was questioned by Gazin 1976 on biochronological grounds
Sinopa minor Wortman 1902
Wortman 1902
Sinopa major n. sp. Wortman 1902
Wortman 1902 1 specimen
Mammalia - Creodonta
Limnocyon verus Marsh 1872
Thorpe 1923
level not stated
Thinocyon velox Marsh 1872
Thorpe 1923
"probably" lower Bridger
Mammalia - Homacodontidae
Microsus cuspidatus Leidy 1870
West 1984
"South of Church Buttes" in Bridger B
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Orohippus major Marsh 1874
    = Xenicohippus craspedotum Cope 1880
Granger 1908
"Hor. B"
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Hyrachyidae
Hyrachyus modestus (Leidy 1870)
Wood 1934
Bridger B
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Brontotheriidae
Palaeosyops paludosus n. sp. Leidy 1870
from Bridger B1; see Osborn 1929; said by Osborn 1908 to be from Cottonwood Creek
Palaeosyops laevidens (Cope 1873)
Gunnell and Yarborough 2000
synonym of Palaeosyops paludosus
lower Bridger B
Mammalia - Esthonychidae
Trogosus hyracoides (Marsh 1873)
Gazin 1953
    = Trogosus castoridens Leidy 1871
Gazin 1976
Bridger B 1.5 mi S of Church Buttes
    = Trogosus gazini Miyata 2007
Miyata 2007
Tillodon fodiens (Marsh 1875)
Gazin 1953
"low in Bridger B" 2 mi S of Church Buttes
    = Trogosus gazini Miyata 2007
Miyata 2007
unclassified
Baptemys wyomingensis (Leidy 1870)
Hay 1908
original and current combination Emys wyomingensis
First reported by Leidy
see common names

Geography
Country:United States State/province:Wyoming County:Uinta
Coordinates: 41.2° North, 110.5° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:45.2° North, 96.8° West
Basis of coordinate:based on political unit
Time
Period:Paleogene Epoch:Eocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 2
*Period:Tertiary
Key time interval:Bridgerian
Age range of interval:50.50000 - 46.20000 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Formation:Bridger Member:lower
Local section:Bridg Local bed:4
Local order:bottom to top
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: not reported
Environment:terrestrial indet.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils
Collection methods and comments
Reason for describing collection:biostratigraphic analysis
Collectors:Marsh, Smith
Metadata
Database number:16201
Authorizer:J. Alroy, P. Barrett, R. Benson, E. Vlachos, M. Carrano Enterer:J. Alroy, T. Cleary, E. Vlachos, R. Benson, M. Carrano
Modifier:M. Uhen Research group:vertebrate
Created:1995-03-26 00:00:00 Last modified:2020-06-30 12:32:28
Access level:the public Released:1995-03-26 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
1623. C. L. Gazin. 1976. Mammalian Faunal Zones of the Bridger Middle Eocene. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 26:1-25 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]

Secondary references:

704 E. S. Gaffney. 1972. The systematics of the North American family Baenidae (Reptilia, Cryptodira). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 147(5):245-312 [J. Alroy/M. Sommers/R. Benson]
1607 C. L. Gazin. 1953. The Tillodontia: an early Tertiary order of mammals. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 121(10):1-110 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
1613 C. L. Gazin. 1958. A review of the middle and upper Eocene primates of North America. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 136(1):1-112 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
14699 C. W. Gilmore. 1938. Fossil snakes of North America. Geological Society of America Special Paper (9)1-96 [J. Head/J. Head]
1694 W. Granger. 1908. A revision of the American Eocene horses. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 24(15):221-264 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
1698 W. Granger and W. K. Gregory. 1917. A revision of the Eocene primates of the genus Notharctus. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 37(34) [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]
1748 G. F. Gunnell and V. L. Yarborough. 2000. Brontotheriidae (Perissodactyla) from the late early and middle Eocene (Brigerian), Wasatch and Bridger formations, southern Green River Basin, southwestern Wyoming. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20(2):349-368 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
14442ETE O. P. Hay. 1908. The fossil turtles of North America. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 75:1-568 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano/M. Carrano]
63670 J. Leidy. 1869. Notice of some extinct vertebrates from Wyoming and Dakota. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 21:63-67 [J. Marcot/J. Marcot/M. Carrano]
11982 J. Leidy. 1873. Part I. Contributions to the extinct vertebrate fauna of the western territories. In F. V. Hayden (ed.), Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories 1:1-358 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Carrano]
7017 W. D. Matthew. 1909. The Carnivora and Insectivora of the Bridger Basin, middle Eocene. Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History 9:289-567 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
25365 K. Miyata. 2007. New species of Trogosus (Tillodontia, Mammalia) from the Green River Basin, Wyoming. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27(3):661-675 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
7295 K. Miyata and R. Emry. 2002. New information on the dental morphology of Trogosus material from the Bridger Formation, Uinta County, Wyoming, and its implication to the evolutionary history of tillodonts. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22(3):89A [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
2917 P. Robinson. 1957. The species Notharctus from the Middle Eocene. Postilla 28:1-27 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Ju]
3419 M. R. Thorpe. 1923. Notes on the Bridger (Eocene) Carnivora. American Journal of Science 5(25):23-39 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
3603 R. M. West. 1979. Paleontology and geology of the Bridger Formation, southern Green River Basin, southwestern Wyoming. Part 3. Notes on Hyopsodus. Milwaukee Public Museum Contributions in Biology and Geology 25:1-52 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen]
3606 R. M. West. 1984. Paleontology and Geology of the Bridger Formation, Southern Green River Basin, Southwestern Wyoming. Part 7. Survey of Bridgerian Artiodactyla, including description of a skull and partial skeleton of Antiacodon pygmaeus. Milwaukee Public Museum Contributions in Biology and Geology 56:1-47 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
35472 A. Wetmore. 1921. A fossil owl from the Bridger Eocene. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 73:455-458 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
3744 H. E. Wood. 1934. Revision of the Hyrachyidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 67(5):181-295 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Marcot]
54926 J. L. Wortman. 1902. Studies of Eocene Mammalia in the Marsh Collection, Peabody Museum. The American Journal of Science, series 4 14(79):17-23 [M. Carrano/M. Carrano]