Escapule Mammoth Site: Late/Upper Pleistocene, Arizona
collected by L. W. Escapule 1966
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Mammalia
- Proboscidea
- Elephantidae
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Mammuthus (Parelephas) columbi
(Falconer 1857)
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| recombined as Mammuthus columbi | |||||||
| see common names | |||||||
Geography
| Country: | United States | State/province: | Arizona | County: | Cochise |
| Coordinates: | 31.6° North, 110.2° West (view map) | ||||
| Paleocoordinates: | 31.6° North, 110.2° West | ||||
| Basis of coordinate: | stated in text | ||||
| Geographic resolution: | small collection |
Time
| Period: | Quaternary | Epoch: | Pleistocene |
| Stage: | Late/Upper Pleistocene | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 |
| Key time interval: | Late/Upper Pleistocene | ||
| Age range of interval: | 0.12900 - 0.01170 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
| Stratigraphic resolution: | bed | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: the mammoth "died on the eroded surface of Unit E" (a "white lacustrine marl") and it is believed that the overlying "channel deposit, Unit F1, occuring at the Murray Springs site [was] removed by erosion" at this site; the immediately overlying unit is "a black organic mat" (Unit F2) in both sections based on the stratigraphy, believed to be "the same age as [other] dated Clovis sites in the San Pedro Valley, approximately 11,200 years old" | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | not reported |
| Lithology description: the skeleton was "soon [after death] buried by the black [organic] mat" but I have not entered it as the relevant lithology because other literature indicates there was probably a substantial time lag before regional formation of black mat deposits | |
| Environment: | "channel" |
| Glacial or sequence phase: | late glacial |
| Geology comments: the presumably eroded Unit F1 is a "channel deposit" representing "a small stream" | |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body,anthropogenic |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
| Temporal resolution: | snapshot |
| Spatial resolution: | autochthonous |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection methods: | selective quarrying,field collection | ||
| Reason for describing collection: | archaeological analysis | ||
| Collectors: | L. W. Escapule | Collection dates: | January 1966 |
| Collection method comments: Arizona State Museum collection
discovered by Escapule and "excavated by personnel of the Murray Springs Project" presumably including the authors | |||
Metadata
| Also known as: | Horsethief Draw | ||
| Database number: | 93599 | ||
| Authorizer: | J. Alroy | Enterer: | J. Alroy |
| Modifier: | J. Alroy | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Created: | 2010-01-25 19:57:18 | Last modified: | 2010-01-28 17:38:53 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2010-01-25 19:57:18 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 31714. | E. T. Hemmings and C. V. Haynes. 1969. Journal of the Arizona Academy of Science. 5(3):184-188 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] |