Alexandria Formation - Needs Camp: Pliocene, South Africa

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Odontapsis sp.
Globothalamea - Rotaliida - Anomalinidae
Anomalina sp. d'Orbigny 1826
Lituolida - Lituolidae
Textularia cf. gramen dOrbigny 1846
Tubothalamea - Miliolida
Miliolina cf. circularis
Eponididae
Pulvinulina sp. Carpenter et al. 1862
Gastropoda - Neogastropoda - Volutidae
Voluta africana Adegoke 1977
Bivalvia - Arcida - Glycymerididae
Glycymeris pilosa (Linnaeus 1767)
Bivalvia - Ostreida - Malleidae
Melina cf. gaudichaudi
spelled with current rank as Isognomon (Melina)
Bivalvia - Ostreida - Ostreidae
Ostrea atherstonei
Rhynchonellata - Terebratulida - Kraussinidae
? Kraussina sp. Davidson 1859
unclassified
Bryozoa indet. Ehrenberg 1831
Thecostraca
Cirripedia indet. Rafinesque 1816
Chondrichthyes - Odontaspidida - Isuridae
Oxyrhina sp. Agassiz 1838
Chondrichthyes - Lamniformes - Lamnidae
Carcharodon sp. Smith 1838
see common names

Geography
Country:South Africa
Coordinates: 33.0° South, 27.6° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:33.1° South, 27.1° East
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Geographic resolution:outcrop
Time
Period:Neogene Epoch:Pliocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 6
Key time interval:Pliocene
Age range of interval:5.33300 - 2.58800 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Formation:Alexandria
Stratigraphic resolution:group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONS: From Alexandria Formation, which unconformably overlies Late Cretaceous Sundays River Fm in places, and is overlain by eolian calcarenites. AGE: Much discussed, although not clearly in text, to range from Miocene to Pleistocene, but also possible Eocene (see Haughton pers. comm., cited in text). Assigned here to a Pliocene age, based on more recent publications (King, 1972). STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION: From unknown position within formation.
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:very coarse,shelly/skeletal poorly lithified calcareous "limestone"
Secondary lithology:very coarse,shelly/skeletal lithified calcareous sandstone
Includes fossils?Y
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: SPECIFIC LITHOLOGY: Compact, gritty limestones and calcareous sandstones containing abundant, mainly fragmented shells. LITHIFICATION: Poorly lithified, based on facies description, which is distinguished from "ccompact crystalline" and "porous, loosely-cemented" adjacent descriptions.
Environment:coastal indet.
Geology comments: ENVIRONMENT: Shallow marine, probably siliciclastic (calcareous, and high in bioclastic material) facies.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Fragmentation:frequent
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:field collection
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Collection method comments: COLLECTOR: Unknown collector. REPOSITORY: Unknown repository.
Taxonomic list comments:COVERAGE: Exhaustive for gastropoda and bivalvia, and also mentioning foraminifera, brachiopoda, bryozoa, crustacea, and sharks. NOMENCLATURE: Not an authoritative publication, and with relatively antiquated nomenclature, commonly not assigned to species resolution.
Metadata
Database number:77479
Authorizer:A. Hendy Enterer:A. Hendy
Modifier:A. Hendy Research group:marine invertebrate
Created:2008-01-13 16:55:47 Last modified:2013-11-25 13:37:23
Access level:authorizer only Released:2009-01-13 16:55:47
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:

26226. A. Ruddock. 1966. The Tertiary limestone of the southern coastal regions of Cape Province, South Africa. Sedimentary Basins of the African Coasts 49-62 [A. Hendy/A. Hendy]