Samwel Cave No. I: Late/Upper Pleistocene, California
collected 1903
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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unclassified
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Micropallus whitneyi
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Miller 1911 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Strigiformes
- Strigidae
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Asio wilsonianus
(Lesson 1830)
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Miller 1911 | |||||||||
| recombined as Asio otus wilsonianus | ||||||||||
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Bubo virginianus
(Gmelin 1788)
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Miller 1911 | |||||||||
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Bubo sinclairi
Miller 1911
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Miller 1911 | |||||||||
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Glaucidium gnoma
Wagler 1832
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Miller 1911 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Piciformes
- Picidae
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Colaptes cafer
(Gmelin 1788)
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Miller 1911 | |||||||||
| recombined as Colaptes auratus cafer | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
- Anseriformes
- Anatidae
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Anserinae indet.
Vigors 1825
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Miller 1911 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Passeriformes
- Corvidae
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Cyanocitta stelleri
(Gmelin 1788)
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Miller 1911 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Cathartiformes
- Cathartidae
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Gymnogyps amplus n. sp.
Miller 1911
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Miller 1911 | |||||||||
| synonym of Gymnogyps californianus | ||||||||||
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Catharista shastensis
Miller 1911
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Miller 1911 | |||||||||
| recombined as Coragyps shastensis | ||||||||||
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Cathartes aura
(Linnaeus 1758)
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Miller 1911 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Falconidae
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Falco sparverius
Linnaeus 1758
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Miller 1911 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Phasianidae
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Dendragapus obscurus
(Say 1823)
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Miller 1911 | |||||||||
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Reptilia
- Accipitriformes
- Accipitridae
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Accipiter velox
(Wilson 1812)
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Miller 1911 | |||||||||
| recombined as Accipiter striatus velox | ||||||||||
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Buteo swainsoni
Bonaparte 1838
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Miller 1911 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Megalonychidae
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Megalonyx sp.
Harlan 1825
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Mammalia
- Proboscidea
- Elephantidae
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Elephas sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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= Mammuthus sp.
Brookes 1828
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Lutugin 1894 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Ursidae
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Ursus sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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| said to be new | ||||||||||
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Ursus americanus
Pallas 1780
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Mustelidae
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Putorius arizonensis
Mearns 1891
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| synonym of Neogale frenata | ||||||||||
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Martes nobilis n. sp.
(Hall 1926)
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Hall 1926 | |||||||||
| synonym of Martes americana | ||||||||||
| M. caurina nobilis type specimen (8 measurements) | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Canidae
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Vulpes sp.
Frisch 1775
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
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Equus occidentalis
Leidy 1865
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| synonym of Equus (Hesperohippus) mexicanus | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Cervidae
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Odocoileus sp.
Rafinesque 1832
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Mammalia
- Bovidae
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Euceratherium sp.
Furlong and Sinclair 1904
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Haplocerus sp.
Wagner 1844
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| synonym of Oreamnos | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Leporidae
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Lepus audubonii
Baird 1858
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| recombined as Sylvilagus audubonii | ||||||||||
| "Lepus auduboni" | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Erethizontidae
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Erethizon epixanthus
Brandt 1835
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| recombined as Erethizon dorsatum epixanthus | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Aplodontidae
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Aplodontia rufa
(Rafinesque 1817)
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Aplodontia major
Merriam 1886
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| synonym of Aplodontia rufa | ||||||||||
| also "Aplodontia near major" | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Sciuridae
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Sciurus sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Citellus douglasi
(Bachman 1839)
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| synonym of Tamiasciurus hudsonicus | ||||||||||
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Arctomys sp.
Schreber 1780
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| synonym of Marmota | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Geomyidae
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Thomomys sp.
Wied-Neuwied 1839
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Thomomys monticola
Allen 1893
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Myriapoda
- Julida
- Julidae
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Julus occidentalis n. sp.
Grinnell 1908
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Grinnell 1908 | 2 specimens | ||||||||
| UCMP 10005, 10006 | ||||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | United States | State/province: | California | County: | Shasta |
| Coordinates: | 40.9° North, 122.2° West (view map) | ||||
| Paleocoordinates: | 40.9° North, 122.2° West | ||||
| Basis of coordinate: | based on nearby landmark | ||||
| Altitude: | 1505 feet | ||||
| Geographic resolution: | outcrop |
Time
| Period: | Quaternary | Epoch: | Pleistocene |
| Stage: | Late/Upper Pleistocene | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 |
| Key time interval: | Late/Upper Pleistocene | ||
| Age range of interval: | 0.12900 - 0.01170 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
| Stratigraphic resolution: | group of beds | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: the main deposit was "excavated to a depth of four feet, and is seen to be composed of several strata"
said to be Wisconsinan by Kurten and Anderson (1980) | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | shelly/skeletal claystone |
| Lithology description: "clay and stalagmite containing many bones" | |
| Environment: | terrestrial indet. |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
| Articulated whole bodies: | none |
| Associated major elements: | none |
| Disassociated major elements: | some |
| Disassociated minor elements: | many |
| Fragmentation: | frequent |
| Temporal resolution: | time-averaged |
| Spatial resolution: | autochthonous |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection methods: | selective quarrying,field collection |
| Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis |
| Museum repositories: | UCMP | Collection dates: | 1903 |
Metadata
| Also known as: | Samwell Cave | ||
| Database number: | 74235 | ||
| Authorizer: | J. Alroy, J. Bloch, M. Clapham | Enterer: | J. Alroy, R. Hulbert, M. Clapham |
| Modifier: | M. Uhen | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Created: | 2007-07-31 20:44:53 | Last modified: | 2022-03-07 08:27:13 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2007-07-31 20:44:53 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 31524. | E. L. Furlong. 1904. An account of the preliminary excavations in a recently explored Quaternary cave in Shasta County, California. Science 20:53-55 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] |
Secondary references:
| 52621 | F. Grinnell. 1908. Quaternary myriopods and insects of California. University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geology 5(12):207-215 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham] | |
| 24935 | E. R. Hall. 1926. A new marten from the Pleistocene cave deposits of California. Journal of Mammalogy 7(2):127-130 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy] | |
| 50709 | L. H. Miller. 1911. Avifauna of the Pleistocene cave deposits of California. University of California Publications Bulletin of the Department of Geology 6(16):385-400 [J. Bloch/R. Hulbert] |