Le Quesnoy (QNY2): Ypresian, France
collected 1997 1998

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
? Russelophiidae indet.
Mallophaga indet.
present on mammalian hairs
Microlepidoptera indet.
Plantae indet. Haeckel 1866
"dicotyledon" wood
Angiospermae - Fagales - Myricaceae
Myricaceae indet. Martinov 1817
pollen: Myricaceae and/or Symplocaceae
Angiospermae - Fagales - Juglandaceae
Juglandaceae indet. Perleb 1818
pollen
Angiospermae - Rosales
Caesalpiniaceae indet.
fruit
Angiospermae - Celastrales - Celastraceae
Celastraceae indet. Brown 1814
pollen
Angiospermae - Gentianales - Apocynaceae
Apocynaceae indet. de Jussieu 1789
pollen; Apocynaceae and/or Tiliaceae
Angiospermae - Arecaceae
Arecaceae indet. von Berchtold and Presl 1820
wood
Angiospermae - Laurales - Lauraceae
Lauraceae indet. Jussieu 1789
leaf
unclassified
Gymnospermae indet.
replaced by Pinophyta
wood
Charales - Feistiellaceae
Nitellopsis sp. Hy 1889
Nitellopsis (Tectochara)
unclassified
Arthropoda indet. Latreille 1829
300 arthropod species; hexapods, mites, spiders, and a pseudoscorpion
Hexapoda indet. Latreille 1825
nearly all recent orders of Hexapoda have been found
Insecta - Mantodea
Mantodea indet. Burmeister 1838
Mantodea with several 'blattoid' characters
Insecta - Blattodea
Blattoidea indet. Handlirsch 1906
synonym of Blattaria
Insecta - Blattodea - Mastotermitidae
Mastotermitidae indet. (Desneux 1904)
invalid subgroup of Mastotermitinae
Insecta - Blattodea - Kalotermitidae
Kalotermitidae indet. (Froggatt 1897)
Insecta - Dermaptera
Dermaptera indet. De Geer 1773
new family (1 measurement)
Insecta - Hymenoptera
Hymenoptera indet. Linnaeus 1758
parasitoid Hymenoptera with their host present
Insecta - Hymenoptera - Formicidae
Formicidae indet. (Latreille 1802)
nearly all modern subfamilies of Formicidae present (1 measurement)
    = Ponerinae indet. Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau 1835
Aria et al. 2011
Insecta - Hymenoptera - Scolebythidae
Scolebythidae indet. Evans 1963
Insecta - Coleoptera - Cerambycidae
Cerambycidae indet. (Latreille 1802)
Cerambicini
Insecta - Coleoptera - Cantharidae
Bupestridae indet. Kiesenwetter 1852
Insecta - Odonata
Libelluloidea indet.
Insecta - Diptera
Diptera indet. Linnaeus 1758
mating Diptera present
Insecta - Diptera - Bibionidae
Plecia sp. Wiedemann 1823
Collembola - Collembola
Collembola indet. Lubbock 1871
Arachnida
Acarina indet. (Leach 1817)
invalid subgroup of Arachnida
present on mammalian hairs
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Pelobatidae
Pelobatidae indet. Lataste 1879
Amphibia - Temnospondyli
Caudata indet. Scopoli 1777
fam., gen., sp. indet.
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Urodela
Salamandroidea indet. Noble 1931
cf. Koaliella indet. Herre 1950
gen., sp. indet.
Mammalia - Multituberculata
Multituberculata indet. Cope 1884
Mammalia - Rodentia - Ischyromyidae
Ischyromyidae indet. Alston 1876
gen., sp. indet. 1 and 2
Mammalia - Primates - Notharctidae
Cantius sp. Simons 1962
Mammalia - Primates - Omomyidae
Teilhardina aff. belgica (Teilhard de Chardin 1927)
Mammalia - Primates - Plesiadapidae
Platychoerops sp. Charlesworth 1855
new species
Mammalia - Nyctitheriidae
Leptacodon sp. Matthew and Granger 1921
Wyonycteris sp. Gingerich 1987
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Palaeotheriidae
cf. Pachynolophus sp. Pomel 1847
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Pliolophus quesnoyensis n. sp. Bronnert et al. 2017
Bronnert et al. 2017
MNHN QNY2-2696 - type
Mammalia - Diacodexeidae
Diacodexis sp. Cope 1882
Mammalia - Procreodi - Arctocyonidae
cf. Landenodon sp. Quinet 1968
Mammalia - Creodonta - Oxyaenidae
Oxyaena woutersi (Lange-Badré and Godinot 1982)
Solé et al. 2011
MNHN QNY2-2568, 2527, 2569, 2561, 2603, 2584, 2586, 2598, 2551, 2571, 2574, 2590, 2572, 2573, 2600, 2503, 2549, 2622, 2565, 2595, 2579, 2524, 2526, 2636, 2633, 2635 and 2638
Palaeonictis cf. gigantea de Blainville 1842
    = Palaeonictis gigantea de Blainville 1842
Solé et al. 2011
MNHN QNY2-2562 (and many more specimens)
Mammalia - Creodonta - Hyaenodontidae
Prototomus minimus Smith and Smith 2001
Solé et al. 2013
MNHN QNY2-2501, 2512, 2516 and 2519
Hyaenodontidae indet. Leidy 1869
gen., sp. indet. 1 and 2
    = Prototomus girardoti Smith and Smith 2001
Solé et al. 2013
MNHN QNY2-2509, 2529-2531 and 2542
Arfia gingerichi Smith and Smith 2001
Solé et al. 2013
MNHN QNY2- 2504, 2508, 2514, 2570, 2617, 2623 and 2625
Mammalia
Vassacyon taxidiotis n. sp. Solé et al. 2013
Solé et al. 2013
MNHN QNY2-2548 - type; referred specimens: MNHN QNY2-2547, 2505, 2532, 2535, 2502 and 2507
Gracilocyon solei Smith and Smith 2010
Solé et al. 2013
MNHN QNY2- 2520, 2517, 2546, 2510, 2618, 2522, 2528 and 2533
cf. Miacis sp. Cope 1872
    = Miacis latouri Quinet 1966
Solé et al. 2013
recombined as Dormaalocyon latouri
MNHN QNY2- 2619, 2534, 2553, 2554, 2523, 2624 and 2511
Mammalia - Metacheiromyidae
cf. Edentata indet. Cuvier 1798
    = Palaeanodon sp. Matthew 1918
Gheerbrant et al. 2005
Mammalia - Condylarthra - Hyopsodontidae
Hyopsodus sp. Leidy 1870
Mammalia - Macroscelidea - Amphilemuridae
cf. Macrocranion sp. Weitzel 1949
Mammalia - Apatotheria
cf. Apatotheria indet. Scott and Jepsen 1936
Mammalia - Pantolestidae
Palaeosinopa sp. Matthew 1901
Mammalia - Pantodonta
Pantodonta indet. Cope 1873
Mammalia - Esthonychidae
Esthonyx sp. Cope 1874
Mammalia
Peratherium sp. Aymard 1850
or Amphiperatherium sp.
Reptilia - Testudines
Cryptodira indet. Cope 1868
'chelydroide' gen, sp. indet.
Reptilia - Testudines - Geoemydidae
Palaeochelys sp. sensu lato Meyer 1847
    = Merovemys ploegi n. gen., n. sp. Hervet 2006
Hervet 2006
Reptilia - Testudines - Trionychidae
Trionyx sp. sensu lato Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1809
Trionyx s.l. sp. 1 and sp. 2
    = Trionychidae indet. Gray 1825
Alroy 2009
Paleotrionyx cf. vittatus
erroneously spelled Palaeotrionyx
Reptilia - Tropidophiidae
Dunnophis matronensis Rage 1973
Reptilia - Boidae
Boidae indet. Gray 1825
Groupe Paleryx-Palaeopythori; gen., sp. indet
Reptilia - Lacertidae
Lacertidae indet. Bonaparte 1831
Plesiolacerta sp. Hoffstetter 1942
Reptilia - Eolacertidae
Eolacerta sp. Nöth 1940
Augé 2005 3 specimens
incomplete right maxilla, two dorsal vertebrae
Reptilia - Cordylidae
? Cordylidae indet. Gray 1837
Reptilia - Gekkonidae
Gekkonidae indet. Gray 1825
Reptilia - Iguanidae
? Iguanidae indet. Oppel 1811
Reptilia
Saniwa cf. orsmaelensis Dollo 1923
Reptilia - Anguidae
? Anguinae indet. Gray 1825
Placosaurus sp. Gervais 1852
Reptilia - Necrosauridae
? Necrosaurus indet. Filhol 1876
Reptilia
Asiatosuchus sp. Mook 1940
MNHN QNY 1C5 & QNY 2C4
Allognathosuchus sp. Mook 1921
MNHN QNY 1C7
Diplocynodon sp. Pomel 1847
MNHN QNY 1C4
aff. Diplocynodon sp. Pomel 1847
MNHN QNY 2C1
Aves indet. Linnaeus 1758
Oiseaux Fam. indet.: gen., sp. indet.
Actinopteri - Lepisosteiformes - Lepisosteidae
Lepisosteus fimbriatus
Actinopteri - Amiiformes - Amiidae
Cyclurus sp. Agassiz 1839
Actinopteri - Perciformes
Percoidei indet. (Bleeker 1859)
see common names

Geography
Country:France State/province:Oise
Coordinates: 49.3° North, 2.7° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:44.8° North, 0.0° East
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Time
Period:Paleogene Epoch:Eocene
Stage:Ypresian 10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 2
Key time interval:Ypresian
Age range of interval:56.00000 - 47.80000 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Formation:Argiles d'lignite du Soissonnais
Stratigraphic resolution:group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: MP7
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology:lenticular,gray sandstone
Includes fossils?Y
Lithology description: a succession of lenticular bodies showing two main facies: 1) clayey sands rich in frequently pyritised lignite, together with amber; 2) grey clayey sands with less lignite (1 to 12 % of the sediment), with continental vertebrate fauna. These facies, the rarity of mollusc shells and charophytes, probably due to decarbonatation and the presence of pyrrhotite (FeS4), reflect a hypoxic environment.
Environment:fine channel fill
Geology comments: Strata deposited at bottom of two channels cutting into underlying Thanetian marine green sands. The channels prograde toward the northeast and were discovered under Oise River Quaternary deposits.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body,soft parts,amber
Size of fossils:macrofossils,microfossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes:some genera,some macrofossils,some microfossils
Collection methods:bulk,field collection
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Museum repositories:MNHN
Collection dates:1997 and 1998
Collection method comments: Screen-washing noted by Gheerbrant et al. 2005
Taxonomic list comments:Original faunal list only notes vertebrates; other organisms mentioned in text.
Metadata
Database number:68174
Authorizer:P. Holroyd, J. Alroy, P. Barrett, P. Mannion, M. Clapham Enterer:P. Holroyd, M. Clapham, T. Cleary, P. Mannion, J. Alroy
Modifier:P. Mannion Research group:paleobotany,paleoentomology,vertebrate
Created:2007-01-06 17:04:04 Last modified:2019-03-28 05:28:15
Access level:the public Released:2007-01-06 17:04:04
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:

19606. A. Nel, G. de Plöeg, J. Dejax, D. Duthiel, D. Franceschi, E. Gheerbrant, M. Godinot, S. Hervet, J.-J. Menier, M. Augé, G. Bignot, C. Cavagnetto, S. Duffaud, J. Gaudant, S. Hua, A. Jossang, F. Lapparent Broin, J.-P. Pozzi, J.-C. Paicheler, F. Beuchet, and J.-C. Rage. 1999. Un gisement sparnacien exceptionnel à plantes, arthropodes et vertébrés (Éocène basal, MP7): Le Quesnoy (Oise, France). Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science 329(1):65-72 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd]

Secondary references:

29343 J. Alroy. 2009. High-handed opinions on taxonomy and other matters. [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
36397 C. Aria, V. Perrichot, and A. Nel. 2011. Fossil Ponerinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Early Eocene amber of France. Zootaxa 2870:53-62 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
59290 M. L. Augé. 2005. Evolution des lézards du Paléogène en Europe. Mémoires du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle 192:1-369 [P. Barrett/T. Cleary/T. Cleary]
62812 C. Bronnert, E. Gheerbrant, M. Godinot and G. Métais. 2017. A primitive perissodactyl (Mammalia) from the early Eocene of Le Quesnoy (MP7, France). Historical Biology [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
19607 E. Gheerbrant, K. D. Rose, and M. Godinot. 2005. First palaeanodont (?pholidotan) mammal from the Eocene of Europe. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 50(2):209-218 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd]
58649 S. Hervet. 2006. The oldest European ptychogasterid turtle (Testudinoidea) from the lowermost Eocene amber locality of Le Quesnoy (France, Ypresian, MP7). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26(4):839-848 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd]
46507 S. Hua. 2004. Les crocodiliens du Sparnacien (Eocene Inferieur) du Quesnoy (Oise, France). Oryctos 5:57-62 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
36717 A. G. Kirejtshuk, M. V. Nabozhenko, and A. Nel. 2010. New genus and species of the tribe Opatrini (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Tenebrioninae) from the lowermost Eocene amber of Paris Basin. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 314(2):191-196 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
36979 A. G. Kirejtshuk, A. Nel, and F. Collomb. 2010. New Archostemata (Insecta: Coleoptera) from the French Paleocene and Early Eocene, with a note on the composition of the suborder. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 46(1-2):216-227 [M. Clapham/J. Karr]
39648 A. G. Moseyko, A. G. Kirejtshuk, and A. Nel. 2010. New genera and new species of leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Polyphaga: Chrysomelidae) from lowermost Eocene French amber. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 46:116-123 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
39549 A. Nel. 2006. Oldest records of Bombyliidae: Phthiriinae and Mythicomyiidae: Glabellulinae from the Lowermost Eocene amber of France (Diptera: Bombylioidea). European Journal of Entomology 103(1):109-114 [M. Clapham/J. Karr]
39100 A. Nel, V. Perrichot, and D. Azar. 2005. New and poorly known fossil Coniopterygidae in Cretaceous and Cenozoic ambers (Insecta: Neuroptera). Annales Zoologici 55:1-7 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
39493 A. Nel, A. Waller, and G. Ploég. 2004. The oldest fossil Tingidae from the lowermost Eocene amber of the Paris Basin (Heteroptera: Cimicomorpha: Tingoidea). Geologica Acta 2:37-43 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham]
60841 F. Solé, E. Gheerbrant, and M. Godinot. 2011. New data on the Oxyaenidae from the Early Eocene of Europe; biostratigraphic, paleobiogeographic and paleoecologic implications. Palaeontologia Electronica 14(2):13A:1-41 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
60840 F. Solé, E. Gheerbrant, and M. Godinot. 2013. Sinopaninae and Arfianinae (Hyaenodontida, Mammalia) from the Early Eocene of Europe and Asia; evidence for dispersal in Laurasia around the Paleocene/Eocene boundary and for an unnoticed faunal turnover in Europe. Geobios 46:313-327 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
60847 F. Solé, E. Gheerbrant, and M. Godinot. 2013. The “miacids” (Carnivoraformes, Mammalia) from the Early Eocene locality of Le Quesnoy (MP7, France); first occurrence of Vassacyon in Europe. Comptes Rendus Palevol 12:191-202 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]