Pinjor formation, Upper Siwaliks, near Chandigarh: Late/Upper Pliocene, India

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Demelops palaeindicus
3 specimens
MNI = 1.
Potamocypris sp.
Hemicypris sp.
Charales - Feistiellaceae
Nitellopsis sp. Hy 1889
Charales - Characea
Chara rantzieni
Chara surazpurica
Charales - Characeae
Sphaerochara sp. Mädler 1952
Hornichara maslovi
Gastropoda
Gastropoda indet. Cuvier 1795
Ostracoda - Podocopida - Candonidae
Candona sp. Baird 1845
Ostracoda - Podocopida - Zonocyprididae
Zonocypris sp. Müller 1898
Ostracoda - Podocopida - Ilyocyprididae
Ilyocypris sp. Brady and Norman 1889
unclassified
Crustacea indet. Brünnich 1772
invalid subgroup of Pancrustacea
Mammalia - Rodentia - Muridae
Muridae indet. Illiger 1811
1 specimen
MNI = 1.
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Rhinoceros palaeindicus Falconer and Cautley 1847
7 specimens
MNI = 2.
Rhinoceros sivalensis Falconer and Cautley 1847
9 specimens
MNI = 3.
Coelodonta platyrhinus
6 specimens
MNI = 2.
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equus sp. Linnaeus 1758
5 specimens
MNI = 1. Equus subsp. nov.
Equus sivalensis Falconer and Cautley 1849
66 specimens
MNI = 7.
Mammalia - Suidae
Potamochoerus theobaldi
1 specimen
MNI = 1.
Sus sp. n. sp. Linnaeus 1758
2 specimens
MNI = 1.
Sus falconeri Lydekker 1884
8 specimens
MNI = 2.
Mammalia - Camelidae
Camelus sivalensis Falconer and Cautley 1836
7 specimens
MNI = 1.
Mammalia - Hippopotamidae
Hexaprotodon sivalensis Falconer and Cautley 1836
5 specimens
MNI = 1.
Mammalia - Cervidae
Cervidae indet. Gray 1821
12 specimens
MNI = 2.
Cervus punjabiensis n. sp. Brown 1926
Croiter and Robinson 2020
recombined as Metacervocerus punjabiensis
Rucervus simplicidens
2 specimens
MNI = 1.
Mammalia - Bovidae
Bovidae indet. Gray 1821
95 specimens
MNI = 10.
Antilopini indet. Gray 1821
14 specimens
MNI = 2.
Alcelaphini indet. Brookes 1876
14 specimens
MNI = 3.
Reduncini indet. Knottnerus-Meyer 1907
4 specimens
MNI = 1.
Mammalia - Giraffidae
Sivatherium giganteum
8 specimens
MNI = 1.
Mammalia - Carnivora - Viverridae
Vishnuictis sp. n. sp. Pilgrim 1932
1 specimen
MNI = 1.
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Stegodon insignis Falconer 1857
14 specimens
MNI = 3.
Stegodon bombifrons Falconer 1847
1 specimen
MNI = 1.
Elephas platycephalus
2 specimens
MNI = 1.
Elephas hysudriscus
12 specimens
MNI = 3.
Elephas planifrons Falconer and Cautley 1846
20 specimens
MNI = $.
Reptilia - Testudines - Cheloniidae
Chelonidae indet. (Bonaparte 1832)
original and current combination Cheloniidae
Reptilia - Crocodylidae
Crocodylidae indet. Cuvier 1807
Actinopteri - Siluriformes - Siluridae
Siluridae indet. Cuvier 1816
see common names

Geography
Country:India State/province:Panjab
Coordinates: 30.7° North, 76.8° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:29.6° North, 77.2° East
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Time
Period:Neogene Epoch:Pliocene
Stage:Piacenzian 10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 6
Key time interval:Late/Upper Pliocene
Age range of interval:3.60000 - 2.58800 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Formation:Tatrot
Stratigraphy comments: Late Pliocene. The Pinjor Formation overlies the Tatrot formation, with the contact between them dated to 2.5Ma (Gauss/Matuyama boundary).
"Upper Siwaliks"
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: not reported
Environment:fluvial indet.
Geology comments: Basically fluviatile. Laid down by laterally shifting rivers on a flood plain.
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection excludes:some microfossils
Reason for describing collection:paleoecologic analysis
Collection method comments: Local environment (based on mammals) is open grassland,with some bushland ansd wooded grassland.
Taxonomic list comments:This faunal list is an amalgamation of specimens collected at a number of localities in the area. Gastropods, etc., are mentioned but not described. Also 'unionids' listed.
Metadata
Database number:51106
Authorizer:A. Turner, G. Slater Enterer:H. O'Regan, G. Slater
Modifier:G. Varnham Research group:PACED
Created:2005-05-27 08:03:03 Last modified:2022-05-09 08:15:18
Access level:the public Released:2005-05-27 08:03:03
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:

13626.PACED R. Gaur and S. R. K. Chopra. 1984. Taphonomy, fauna, environment and ecology of Upper Sivaliks (Plio-Pleistocene) near Chandigarh, India. Nature 308:353-358 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan]

Secondary references:

85020 R. Croiter and C. Robinson. 2020. A revision of “Cervus” punjabiensis Brown, 1926 (Cervidae, Mammalia) from the Upper Siwaliks of Chandigarh, India. Quaternary International 550:147-158 [G. Slater/G. Slater]
30980 M. Pickford. 2007. Revision of the Mio-Pliocene bunodont otter-like mammals of the Indian Subcontinent. Estudios Geologicos 63(1):83-127 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]