PBDB Collection

Sud Sacaco, Montemar: Messinian, Peru

List of taxa

Where & when

Geology

Taphonomy & methods

Metadata & references

Taxonomic list

Chondrichthyes - Myliobatiformes - Myliobatidae

	Myliobatis sp. Cuvier 1816	Muizon and DeVries 1985
Chondrichthyes - Lamniformes - Lamnidae

	Isurus hastalis (Agassiz 1838)
	recombined as Carcharodon hastalis
Chondrichthyes - Lamniformes - Otodontidae

	Procarcharodon megalodon (Agassiz 1835)	Muizon and DeVries 1985
	recombined as Otodus megalodon
	Also studied in Pimiento and Balk
Actinopteri - Clupeiformes - Clupeoidei

	Alosinae indet.	Muizon and DeVries 1985
Reptilia - Odontopterygiformes - Pelagornithidae

	Pelagornithidae indet. Fürbringer 1888	Chavez et al. 2007	1 specimen
Reptilia - Charadriiformes - Scolopacidae

	Tringinae indet. Gray 1840	Cheneval 1993
Reptilia - Suliformes - Phalacrocoracidae

	cf. Phalacrocorax sp. Brisson 1760	Muizon and DeVries 1985
Reptilia - Suliformes - Sulidae

	cf. Sula sp. Brisson 1760	Muizon and DeVries 1985

	Sula sulita n. sp. Stucchi 2003	Stucchi 2003	1 specimen

	Sula aff. variegata (Tschudi 1843)	Stucchi 2003	7 specimens

	Sula magna n. sp. Stucchi 2003	Stucchi 2003	1 specimen

	Morus peruvianus n. sp. Stucchi 2003	Stucchi 2003	1 specimen
Reptilia - Spheniscidae

	Spheniscidae indet. Bonaparte 1831	Muizon and DeVries 1985
	form 2

	Spheniscus urbinai Stucchi 2002	Stucchi 2002	1 specimen

	Spheniscus megaramphus n. sp. Stucchi et al. 2003	Stucchi et al. 2003	5 specimens
Reptilia - Cathartiformes - Cathartidae

	Perugyps diazi n. gen., n. sp. Stucchi and Emslie 2005	Stucchi and Emslie 2005
Reptilia

	Eusuchia indet. Huxley 1875	Muizon and DeVries 1985

	Piscogavialis jugaliperforatus n. gen., n. sp. Kraus 1998	Kraus 1998
	SMNK 1282 PAL - holotype (skull, mandible and postcranial material); referred material: MUSM 1001 and 1909
Mammalia - Carnivora

	Carnivora indet. Bowdich 1821	Muizon and DeVries 1985
	terrestrial
Mammalia - Carnivora - Procyonidae

	Cyonasua sp. Ameghino 1885	Tarquini et al. 2020
	MNHN PPI 262
Mammalia - Carnivora - Phocidae

	Phocidae indet. (Gray 1821)
	original and current combination Phocadae

	Monachinae indet. Trouessart 1897	Muizon and DeVries 1985
	form 2

	Acrophoca sp. Muizon 1981	Muizon and DeVries 1985
Mammalia - Cetacea - Balaenopteridae

	Balaenopteridae indet. Gray 1864	Muizon and DeVries 1985
	form 2
Mammalia - Cetacea - Cetotheriidae

	Cetotheriidae indet. (Brandt 1872)
Mammalia - Cetacea - Phocoenidae

	Phocoenidae indet. (Gray 1825)

	cf. Piscolithax sp. Muizon 1983	Muizon and DeVries 1985
Mammalia - Cetacea - Kogiidae

	Scaphokogia totajpe n. sp. Benites-Palomino et al. 2020	Benites-Palomino et al. 2020	1 specimen
	MUSM 973
Mammalia - Cetacea - Physeteridae

	Physeteridae indet. Gray 1821	Muizon 1988
	form 2
Mammalia - Cetacea

	Acrophyseter deinodon n. gen., n. sp. Lambert et al. 2008	Lambert et al. 2017	1 specimen
	(1 measurement)
Mammalia - Nothrotheriidae

	Thalassocnus natans n. gen., n. sp. Muizon and McDonald 1995	Muizon and McDonald 1995	1 specimen
	Muizon & McDonald 1995 stated this taxon was from the SAS horizon, but this was later changed to the MTM horizon in later publications (McDonald & Muizon, 2002)
Mammalia - Megatheriidae

	Megatheriidae indet. (Gray 1821)
	misspelling Megatheriadae
see common names

Geography

Country:	Peru	State/province:	Caraveli	County:	Arequipa
Coordinates:	15.6° South, 74.8° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:	15.8° South, 73.4° West
Basis of coordinate:	stated in text
Geographic resolution:	small collection

Time

Period:	Neogene	Epoch:	Miocene
Stage:	Messinian	10 m.y. bin:	Cenozoic 6
Key time interval:	Messinian
Age range of interval:	7.24600 - 5.33300 m.y. ago

Stratigraphy

Formation:	Pisco
Local section:	Pisco	Local bed:	MTM
Local order:	no particular order
Stratigraphic resolution:	group of beds
Stratigraphy comments: 4.5-6 Ma (Stucchi & Urbina, 2004); 7.3 - 7.0 Ma (Ehret et al 2012) MTM horizon at Montemar, Sacaco Area, Caraveli Province, Arequipa, Peru (Fig. 1A). This horizon ranges from 7.3 to 7.0 Ma (latest Tortonian–earliest Messinian, late Miocene) Bosio et al. 2020: Strontium isotope stratigraphy suggests Langhian–Serravallian age (14.8–12.4 Ma) for the P0 sequence of the Pisco Formation (see Fig. 9). Overlying P1 and P2 layers (including SAO horizon) reflects cooling from the late Serravallian–Messinian onwards. Bosio et al. 2019 use Ar dating of tephra layers within the Pisco Fm. with results suggesting P1 age between 9.5 and 8.6 Ma, and that of P2 between 8.4 and 6.7 Ma.

Lithology and environment

Primary lithology:	diatomaceous siltstone
Includes fossils?	Y
Environment:	paralic indet.
Geology comments: "a littoral paleoenviroment with protected beaches and reefs exposed to marine sediments" (Stucchi and Emslie 2005), high sedimentation rate, shallow-to-deep shelf, upwelling

Taphonomy

Modes of preservation:	body,original phosphate
Size of fossils:	macrofossils
Preservation of anatomical detail:	excellent

Collection methods and comments

Collection methods:	surface (in situ),field collection
Reason for describing collection:	taxonomic analysis

Metadata

Also known as:	MTM
Database number:	46084
Authorizer:	M. Uhen, P. Mannion, J. Alroy	Enterer:	M. Uhen, J. Alroy, P. Mannion
Modifier:	P. Mannion	Research group:	vertebrate
Created:	2005-01-01 15:27:52	Last modified:	2022-05-12 09:17:12
Access level:	the public	Released:	2005-01-01 15:27:52
Creative Commons license:	CC BY

Reference information

Primary reference:

12182.

R. Marocco and C. d.e. Muizon. 1988. Los vertebrados del Neogeno de La Costa Sur del Perú: Ambiente sedimentario y condiciones de fosilización. Bulletin de l'Institut Frances d'Etudes Andines 17(2):105-117 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]

Secondary references:

72147		A. Benites-Palomino, J. Vélez-Juarbe, R. Salas-Gismondi and M. Urbina. 2020. Scaphokogia totajpe, sp. nov., a new bulky-faced pygmy sperm whale (Kogiidae) from the late Miocene of Peru. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology e1728538 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
34370		M. Chavez, M. Stucchi, and M. Urbina. 2007. El registro de Pelagornithidae (Aves: Pelecaniformes) y la avifauna neogena del Pacifico sudeste. Bulletin de l'Institut Francais d'Etudes Andines 36(2):175-197 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
40374		J. Cheneval. 1993. L'avifaune Mio-Pliocene de la Formation Pisco (Perou) etude prliminaire. Document Labratorie Geologique Lyon 125:85-95 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
28038		R. Kraus. 1998. The cranium of Piscogavialis jugalipeforatus n. nen., n. sp. (Gavialidae, Crocodylia) from the Miocene of Peru. Palaeontologische Zeischrift 72(3/4):389-406 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
60319		O. Lambert, G. Bianucci, and C. Muizon. 2017. Macroraptorial sperm whales (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Physeteroidea) from the Miocene of Peru. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 179:404-474 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
11895		C. Muizon. 1988. Les vertebres fossiles de la Formation Pisco (Perou). Troisieme partie: Les Odontocetes (Cetacea, Mammalia) du Miocene. Editions Recherche sur les Civilisations (78)1-244 [M. Uhen/N. Pyenson/M. Uhen]
16797		C. Muizon and T. J. DeVries. 1985. Geology and paleontology of late Cenozoic marine deposits in the Sacaco area (Peru). Geologische Rundschau 74(3):547-563 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
16788		C. Muizon and H. G. McDonald. 1995. An aquatic sloth from the Pliocene of Peru. Nature 375:224-227 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
81296		D. Ochoa, T. J. DeVries, K. Quispe, A. Barbosa-Espitia, R. Salas-Gismondi, D. A. Foster, R. Gonzales, S. Revillon, R. Berrospi, L. Pairazamán, J. Cardich, A. Perez, P. Romero, M. Urbina, and M. Carré. 2022. Age and provenance of the Mio-Pleistocene sediments from the Sacaco area, Peruvian continental margin. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 116:103799 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
49081		C. Pimiento and M. Balk. 2015. The extinct giant shark Carcharocles megalodon: A model for understanding deep-time body size trends of marine apex predators. [C. Jaramillo/C. Pimiento/C. Pimiento]
81650		R. Salas-Gismondi, D. Ochoa, S. Jouve, P. E. Romero, J. Cardich, A. Perez, T. DeVries, P. Baby, M. Urbina and M. Carré. 2022. Miocene fossils from the southeastern Pacific shed light on the last radiation of marine crocodylians. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 289:20220380:1-10 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]
34468		M. Stucchi. 2002. Una nueva especie de Spheniscus (Aves: Spheniscidae) de la Formacion Pisco, Peru. Boletim de la Sociedad Geologica del Peru 94:17-24 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
54566		M. Stucchi. 2003. Los Piqueros (Aves: Sulidae) de la Formacion Pisco, Peru. Boletin de la Sociedad Geologica de Peru 95:75-91 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
29278		M. Stucchi and S. D. Emslie. 2005. A new condor (Ciconiiformes, Vulturidae) from the late Miocene/early Pliocene Pisco Formation, Peru. Condor 107(1):107-113 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]
34433		M. Stucchi, M. Urbina, and A. Giraldo. 2003. Una nueva especie de Spheniscidae del Mioceno Tardio de la Formacion Pisco, Peru. Bulletin de la Institute Frances etudes Andines 32(2):361-375 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
18990		M. Stucchi and M. Urbina. 2004. Ramphastosula (aves, Sulidae): a new genus from the early Pliocene of the Pisco Formation, Peru. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24(4):974-978 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen]
74387		J. Tarquini, L. H. Soibelzon, R. Salas-Gismondi and C. Muizon. 2020. Cyonasua (Carnivora, Procyonidae) from late Miocene of Peru shed light on the early dispersal of carnivorans in South America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology e1834406:1-9 [P. Mannion/P. Mannion]