Akhalkalaki 2: Early/Lower Pleistocene, Georgia
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Canidae
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Vulpes sp.
Frisch 1775
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Felidae
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Homotherium sp.
Fabrini 1890
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
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Equus hipparionoides
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Equus suessenbornensis
Wüst 1901
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| recombined as Equus (Sussemionus) suessenbornensis | |||||||
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Rhinocerotidae
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Stephanorhinus etruscus
(Falconer 1868)
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Mammalia
- Bovidae
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Bison sp.
Hamilton-Smith 1827
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Sciuridae
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Marmota sp.
Frisch 1775
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| see common names | |||||||
Geography
| Country: | Georgia |
| Coordinates: | 42.0° North, 44.1° East (view map) |
| Paleocoordinates: | 42.0° North, 45.1° East |
| Basis of coordinate: | based on nearby landmark |
Time
| Period: | Quaternary | Epoch: | Pleistocene |
| 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 | ||
| Key time interval: | Early/Lower Pleistocene | ||
| Age range of interval: | 2.58000 - 0.77400 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
| Stratigraphy comments: Late Lower Pleistocene. The bones occur in lenses that include articulated bones and occasional partial skeletons. They are found in a 3-4m thick reworked volcanic ash overlain by clays. Akhalkalaki 2 is in the upper part of this sequence, and is palaeomagnetically reversed. |
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | ash |
| Lithology description: loamy sediments with occasional andestic clasts. | |
| Environment: | lacustrine indet. |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | anthropogenic |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Collection methods and comments
| Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis |
| Collection method comments: Fauna and 1 andesite artefact found in a new excavation in 1998. | |
Metadata
| Also known as: | Achalkalaki 2 | ||
| Database number: | 40401 | ||
| Authorizer: | A. Turner | Enterer: | H. O'Regan |
| Modifier: | H. O'Regan | Research group: | PACED |
| Created: | 2004-06-23 08:35:49 | Last modified: | 2004-06-24 06:54:30 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2004-06-23 08:35:49 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 10904. | 5%,PACED 55080 | H. Hemmer, R.-D. Kahlke, and A. K. Vekua. 2001. The jaguar - Panthera onca gombaszoegensis (Kretzoi, 1938) (Carnivora: Felidae) in the late Lower Pleistocene Akhalkalaki (South Georgia: Transcaucasia) and its evolutionary and ecological significance. Géobios 34(4):475-486 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/J. Alroy] |