Kossiakino 1, near Stavropol: Ruscinian, Russian Federation

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Dicerorhinus cf. orientalis
    = Stephanorhinus megarhinus
Vangengeim et al. 1998
Aceratherium sp. Kaup 1834
not in Vangengeim 1998. probably Miocene
Chilotherium sp. Ringström 1924
not in Vangengeim 1998. probably Miocene
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Tapiridae
Tapirus cf. arvernensis Croizet and Jobert 1828
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Hipparion cf. crassum Gervais 1859
    = Hipparion sp. de Christol 1832
Vangengeim et al. 1998
Mammalia - Suidae
Propotamochoerus provincialis
Mammalia - Cervidae
Procapreolus sp. Schlosser 1929
    = Pseudalces mirandus Flerov 1962
Vangengeim et al. 1998
Mammalia - Bovidae
Gazella sp. Blaineville 1816
Mammalia - Giraffidae
Sivatherium sp. Falconer and Cautley 1836
    = Sivatheriinae indet. Zittel 1893
Vangengeim et al. 1998
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Felis cf. issiodorensis Croizet and Jobert 1828
    = Lynx ex gr. brevirostris
Vangengeim et al. 1998
Lynx ex gr. brevirostris-issiodorensis
Mammalia - Carnivora - Ursidae
Ursus sp. Linnaeus 1758
    = Ursus ex gr. minimus Devéze and Bouillet 1827
Vangengeim et al. 1998
recombined as Euarctos minimus
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae
Canis sp. Linnaeus 1758
not in Vangengeim 1998.
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Dinotherium sp. Kaup 1825
not in Vangengeim 1998. probably Miocene.
    = Anancus arvernensis Croizet and Jobert 1828
Vangengeim et al. 1998
see common names

Geography
Country:Russian Federation State/province:Stavropol'skaya
Coordinates: 45.0° North, 41.8° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:45.2° North, 41.5° East
Basis of coordinate:based on nearby landmark
Time
Period:Neogene Epoch:Pliocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 6
Key time interval:Ruscinian
Age range of interval:5.33300 - 3.20000 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Local bed:1
Local order:bottom to top
Stratigraphy comments: a series of fluvio-lacustrine beds, equivalent in age to the Rousillion fauna. Local age of Lower/Middle Aktshagylien, Lower Villafranchian, Upper Pliocene. In Ref 13592 it states the bone beds span the Turolian to Villafranchian and lists the Ruscinian faunas.
Lithology and environment
Environment:fluvial-lacustrine indet.
Taphonomy
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Collection methods and comments
Reason for describing collection:general faunal/floral analysis
Taxonomic list comments:Faunal list contains fauna from Miocene - Pliocene (original list from Gabounia 1974). Pliocene fauna updated by Vangengeim et al. (1998).
Metadata
Also known as:Kosyakino
Database number:40394
Authorizer:A. Turner Enterer:H. O'Regan
Modifier:H. O'Regan Research group:PACED
Created:2004-06-23 06:53:57 Last modified:2005-05-25 09:40:48
Access level:the public Released:2004-06-23 06:53:57
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:

10898.PACED L. Gabounia. 1974. A propos du Villafranchian du Caucase. Memoires du Bureau de Recherches Geologiques et Minieres 78(1):145-148 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan]

Secondary references:

9580PACED H. J. O'Regan. 2003. Reidentifications and synonomies of European mammals. [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/M. Uhen]
13592PACED E. A. Vangengeim, I. A. Vislobokova, and M. V. Sotnikova. 1998. Large Ruscinian Mammalia in the Territory of the Former Soviet Union. Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation 6(4):368-382 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan]