Valea Graunceanului, Tetoiu 1 lower faunal horizon: Late/Upper Pliocene, Romania
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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Mammalia
- Proboscidea
- Elephantidae
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Archidiskodon meridionalis
(Nesti 1825)
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= Mammuthus meridionalis
Nesti 1825
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Radulesco and Samson 1990 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Primates
- Cercopithecidae
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Cercopithecoidea indet.
Gray 1821
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7 specimens | |||||||||
| 3 female skulls and one mandible, 1 male skull and 2 sets of back teeth. | ||||||||||
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= Paradolichopithecus arvernensis
Deperet 1929
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Radulesco and Samson 1990 | |||||||||
| Paradolicopithecus arvernensis geticus. | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Castoridae
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Castor plicidens
Major 1874
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| synonym of Castor fiber | ||||||||||
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Trogontherium dacicum
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Radulesco and Samson 1990 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Rodentia
- Hystricidae
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Hystrix refossa
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Ursidae
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Ursus etruscus
Cuvier 1823
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Mustelidae
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Meles sp.
Brisson 1762
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2 specimens | |||||||||
| 2 mandible fragments. | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Hyaenidae
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Hyaena perrieri
Croizet and Jobert 1828
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= Pliocrocuta perrieri
Kretzoi 1938
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O'Regan 2003 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Felidae
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Megantereon megantereon
Croizet and Jobert 1828
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2 specimens | |||||||||
| 1 deformed skull, 1 mandible. | ||||||||||
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Homotherium crenatidens
Fabrini 1890
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2 specimens | |||||||||
| 1 upper canine, 1 mandible. | ||||||||||
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Felis sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Felis (Lynx) issiodorensis
Croizet and Jobert 1828
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= Lynx issiodorensis
Croizet and Jobert 1828
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Radulesco and Samson 1990 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Canidae
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Nyctereutes megamastoides
(Pomel 1842)
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| original and current combination Canis megamastoides | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Pholidota
- Manidae
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Manis sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Radulesco and Samson 1990 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Giraffidae
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Mitilanotherium inexspectatum
Samson and Radulesco 1966
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Radulesco and Samson 1990 | |||||||||
| recombined as Palaeotragus inexspectatus | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Bovidae
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Gazella sp.
Blaineville 1816
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Pliotragus ardeus
(Deperet 1883)
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Radulesco and Samson 1990 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Cervidae
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Capreolus sp.
Gray 1821
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Euctenoceros sp.
Trouessart 1898
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= Eucladoceros sp.
Falconer 1868
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Radulesco and Samson 1990 | |||||||||
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Cervus sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Dama nestii
Azzaroli 1947
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| recombined as Cervus nestii | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Suidae
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Sus sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Mammalia
- Hippopotamidae
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Hippopotamus sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
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Equus stenonis
Cocchi 1867
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= Allohippus athanasiui
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Radulesco and Samson 1990 | |||||||||
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= Equus athanasiui
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McKenna and Bell 1997 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Rhinocerotidae
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Rhinoceros sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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= Dicerorhinus sp.
Gloger 1841
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Radulesco and Samson 1990 | |||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | Romania |
| Coordinates: | 44.8° North, 23.9° East (view map) |
| Paleocoordinates: | 44.9° North, 23.7° East |
| Basis of coordinate: | based on nearby landmark |
Time
| Period: | Neogene | Epoch: | Pliocene |
| Stage: | Piacenzian | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 |
| Key time interval: | Late/Upper Pliocene | ||
| Age range of interval: | 3.60000 - 2.58000 m.y. ago |
Stratigraphy
| Local order: | bottom to top | ||||
| Stratigraphic resolution: | group of beds | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: Late Pliocene, just before the Olduvai event (based on palaeomagnetism). Faunal comparison indicates that the Lower Faunal Horizon (Tetoiu 1) correlates with the upper part of the Khaprov faunal complex, upper MN17 (St Vallier Zone), probably equivalent to the Tiglian warm stage. It is suggested that Valea Graunceanului correlates with zone 5C of the Tiglian, and is a warmer pahse than that represnted by La Pietris.
Site is approximately 88m below the top of the section, at the base of a silty sand, about 1.5m thick. | |||||
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | silty sandstone |
| Environment: | fluvial-lacustrine indet. |
| Geology comments: The lower faunal horizon is in an approximately 20m thick bed consisting 'predominantly of silty sands and sand, levels with gravels and larger pebbles were also observed. These beds are rich in faunal remains.' 'The beds have an average dip of 1 to 2 degrees SE.'
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Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
| Associated major elements: | many |
Collection methods and comments
| Reason for describing collection: | biostratigraphic analysis |
Metadata
| Also known as: | Valea Tetoi, Graunceanu | ||
| Database number: | 39846 | ||
| Authorizer: | A. Turner | Enterer: | H. O'Regan |
| Modifier: | B. Allen | Research group: | PACED |
| Created: | 2004-06-09 06:37:57 | Last modified: | 2023-10-26 06:32:18 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 2004-06-09 06:37:57 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 11025. | PACED | A. Bolomey. 1965. Die fauna zweier villafrankischer Fundstellen in Rumaenien. Berichte der geologischen Gesellschaft der DDR, Berlin 10(1):77-88 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan] |
Secondary references:
| 7584 | M. C. McKenna and S. K. Bell. 1997. Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level 1-640 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/M. Uhen] | |
| 9147 | H. J. O'Regan. 2003. Reidentifications and synonymies of Eurasian faunas. [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan] | |
| 10805 | PACED | C. Radulesco and P. Samson. 1990. The Plio-Pleistocene mammalian succession of the Oltet Valley, Dacic Basin, Romania. Quatarpalaontologie 8:225-232 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan] |