Atapuerca TD6-AS: Pleistocene, Spain

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Iberomys huescarensis
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophus sp. Lacépède 1799
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae
Myotis sp. Kaup 1829
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Miniopterus schreibersii
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Mammuthus sp. Brookes 1828
Diez et al. 1999 2 specimens
MNI = 1
Mammalia - Soricidae
Sorex sp. Linnaeus 1758
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Neomys sp. Kaup 1829
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Beremendia fissidens (Petényi 1864)
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Crocidura sp. Wagler 1832
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Talpidae
Galemys sp. Kaup 1829
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Talpa sp. Linnaeus 1758
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Erinaceidae
Erinaceus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mustelidae
Mustela palerminea
Garcia and Arsuaga 1999 1 specimen
1 hemimandible
Mammalia - Carnivora - Ursidae
Ursus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Garcia and Arsuaga 1999 3 specimens
1 premolar, 1 proximal phalanx, 1 metapodial distal epiphysis
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae
Canidae indet. Fischer de Waldheim 1817
Garcia and Arsuaga 1999 1 specimen
1 metapodial distal epiphysis
Canis mosbachensis Soergel 1925
Garcia and Arsuaga 1999 2 specimens
1 femoral head, 1 distal tibia
Vulpes praeglacialis (Kormos 1932)
Garcia and Arsuaga 1999 3 specimens
original and current combination Alopex praeglacialis
1 lower P3, 1 talus, 1 femur
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Lynx sp. Kerr 1792
Garcia and Arsuaga 1999 1 specimen
1 upper M1
Mammalia - Carnivora - Hyaenidae
Crocuta crocuta (Erxleben 1777)
Garcia and Arsuaga 1999 2 specimens
1 lower canine, 1 proximal phalanx
Mammalia - Suidae
Sus scrofa Linnaeus 1758
Diez et al. 1999 1 specimen
MNI = 1
Mammalia - Cervidae
Cervidae indet. Gray 1821
Diez et al. 1999 95 specimens
MNI = 1
Capreolus sp. Gray 1821
Diez et al. 1999 5 specimens
MNI = 1 (but Van der Made (1999) rejected the identification of Capreolus in TD6)
Cervus elephas
Diez et al. 1999 2 specimens
MNI = 2
Dama sp. Frisch 1775
Diez et al. 1999 20 specimens
MNI = 2
Megaloceros sp. Brookes 1828
Diez et al. 1999 8 specimens
MNI = 2
Mammalia - Bovidae
cf. Bison "voigtstedtensis"
Diez et al. 1999 56 specimens
MNI = 2. Bovini cf "Bison voigtstedtensis"
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equus cf. altidens
Diez et al. 1999 18 specimens
MNI = 3
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Stephanorhinus etruscus (Falconer 1868)
Diez et al. 1999 7 specimens
MNI = 2
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Leporidae
Lepus sp. Linnaeus 1758
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Oryctolagus sp. Lilljeborg 1874
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae
Allocricetus sp. Schaub 1930
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Pliomys episcopalis
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Microtus seseae
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Terricola arvalidens
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
synonym of Microtus
Stenocranius gregaloides
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
spelled with current rank as Microtus (Stenocranius)
Mimomys savini
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Rodentia - Muridae
Micromys minutus
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Apodemus aff. flavicollis
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Rodentia - Gliridae
Eliomys helleri
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Rodentia - Castoridae
Castor fiber Linnaeus 1758
Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Primates - Hominidae
Homo antecessor Bermudez de Castro et al. 1997
Diez et al. 1999 92 specimens
MNI = 6
see common names

Geography
Country:Spain State/province:Castilla-Leon
Coordinates: 42.4° North, 3.5° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:42.4° North, 3.6° West
Basis of coordinate:stated in text
Time
Period:Quaternary Epoch:Pleistocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 6
Key time interval:Pleistocene
Age range of interval:2.58000 - 0.01170 m.y. ago
Stratigraphy
Local section:Trinchera del Ferrocarril Local bed:6
Local order:bottom to top
Stratigraphy comments: This is the hominid bearing Aurora stratum, which is the top section of TD6, between T36-43. Gran Dolina is formed of 11 levels. Dated between 0.99Ma (Jaramillo) and the Brunhes/Matuyama boundary (0.78Ma).
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: siltstone
Lithology description: 25cm thick layer with a silty matrix and decimetric clasts.
Environment:fissure fill
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:anthropogenic
Size of fossils:macrofossils,mesofossils
Fragmentation:frequent
Feeding/predation traces:fractures,tooth marks,gastric dissolution
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods:bulk,sieve,field collection
Minimum sieve size:0.500 Maximum sieve size:5.000
Collection size:4096 specimens
Reason for describing collection:archaeological analysis
Collection method comments: Material currently held in the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid and Laboratori de Arqeologia de la Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona. They will be permanently stored in the Museo de Burgos.
Taxonomic list comments:This is the list for the Aurora stratum, where this distinction has been made in the publications. The birds (Aves) hae not been divided and have not been included in this list. For a full list of birds in the whole level see the record for Atapuerca TD6. Ungulate identifications in Diez et al. (1999) do not correspond with those in van der Made (1999).
Metadata
Also known as:Gran Dolina, Aurora Stratum
Database number:34872
Authorizer:A. Turner Enterer:H. O'Regan
Modifier:J. Alroy Research group:PACED
Created:2003-10-09 04:30:56 Last modified:2010-01-28 17:14:35
Access level:the public Released:2003-10-09 04:30:56
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:
9351.PACED E. Carbonell, M. Esteban, A. Martin Najera, M. Mosquera, X.P. Rodriguez, A. Olle, R. Sala, J.M. Verges, J.M. Bermudez Castro and A.I. Ortega. 1999. The Pleistocene site of Gran Dolina, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain: a history of the archaeological investigations. Journal of Human Evolution 1999(37):313-324 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan]

Secondary references:

9346PACED G. Cuenca-Bescos, C. Laplana, and J. I. Canudo. 1999. Biochronological implications of the Arvicolidae (Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Lower Pleistocene hominid-bearing level of Trinchera Dolina 6 (TD6, Atapuerca, Spain). Journal of Human Evolution 37(3-4):353-373 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/J. Alroy]
9350PACED J. C. Diez, Y. Fernandez-Jalvo, J. Rosell and I. Caceres. 1999. Zooarchaeology and taphonomy of Aurora Stratum (Gran Dolina, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain). Journal of Human Evolution 37:623-652 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan]
9345PACED N. Garcia and J. L. Arsuaga. 1999. Carnivores from the Early Pleistocene hominid-bearing Trinchera Dolina 6 (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain). Journal of Human Evolution 37:415-430 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan]