PBDB Collection

Atapuerca TD6: Calabrian, Spain

List of taxa

Where & when

Geology

Taphonomy & methods

Metadata & references

Taxonomic list

unclassified

	Iberomys huescarensis	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae

	Myotis sp. Kaup 1829	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999

	Miniopterus schreibersii	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Chiroptera - Rhinolophidae

	Rhinolophus sp. Lacépède 1799	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae

	Equus cf. altidens	van der Made 1999	6 specimens
	6 teeth illustrated
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae

	Stephanorhinus etruscus (Falconer 1868)	van der Made 1999	3 specimens
	3 specimens illustrated
Mammalia - Cervidae

	Cervidae indet. Gray 1821	van der Made 1999	1 individual
	very large, heavily worn upper P4-M3, possibly from same individual.

	Eucladoceros giulii	van der Made 1999	4 specimens
	1 antler, 1 upper D2, 1 first phalanx, 1 3rd phalanx

	Cervus elephas	van der Made 1999
	3 teeth (lower P3, upper M3 and incisor) plus limb bones.

	Dama ? nestii Azzaroli 1947	van der Made 1999
	recombined as Cervus nestii
	Dama nestii? vallonetensis. 3 specimen illustrated
Mammalia - Bovidae

	cf. Bison "voigtstedtensis"	van der Made 1999
	Bovini cf. "Bison voigtstedtensis". dental and postcranial remains
Mammalia - Suidae

	Sus scrofa Linnaeus 1758	van der Made 1999	1 specimen
	one lower P3
Mammalia - Carnivora - Hyaenidae

	Crocuta crocuta (Erxleben 1777)	Garcia and Arsuaga 1999	6 specimens
	2 medial phalanges, 1 Lower Canine, 1 incisor, 1 second metacarpal, 1 mandibular condyle.
Mammalia - Carnivora - Ursidae

	Ursus sp. Linnaeus 1758	Garcia and Arsuaga 1999	3 specimens
	2 unerupted lower M3, 1 deciduous canine
Mammalia - Carnivora - Mustelidae

	Mustela palerminea	Garcia and Arsuaga 1999	1 specimen
	1 hemimandible
Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae

	Vulpes praeglacialis (Kormos 1932)	Garcia and Arsuaga 1999	1 specimen
	original and current combination Alopex praeglacialis
	1 distal humerus
Mammalia - Talpidae

	Galemys sp. Kaup 1829	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999

	Talpa sp. Linnaeus 1758	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Soricidae

	Beremendia fissidens (Petényi 1864)	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999

	Sorex sp. Linnaeus 1758	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999

	Neomys sp. Kaup 1829	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999

	Crocidura sp. Wagler 1832	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Erinaceidae

	Erinaceus sp. Linnaeus 1758	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Lagomorpha - Leporidae

	Lepus sp. Linnaeus 1758	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999

	Oryctolagus sp. Lilljeborg 1874	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Rodentia - Sciuridae

	Marmota sp. Frisch 1775	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Rodentia - Castoridae

	Castor fiber Linnaeus 1758	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Rodentia - Hystricidae

	Hystrix refossa	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Rodentia - Gliridae

	Eliomys helleri	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Mammalia - Rodentia - Cricetidae

	Allocricetus sp. Schaub 1930	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999

	Pliomys episcopalis	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999

	Allophaiomys chalinei	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999

	Mimomys savini	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999

	Microtus seseae	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999

	Terricola arvalidens	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
	synonym of Microtus

	Stenocranius gregaloides	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
	spelled with current rank as Microtus (Stenocranius)
Mammalia - Rodentia - Muridae

	Micromys minutus	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999

	Apodemus aff. flavicollis	Cuenca-Bescos et al. 1999
Reptilia - Colubridae

	Natrix natrix Linnaeus 1758	Blain et al. 2009
	In sub-levels T32-35, T37, T43-45

	Rhinechis scalaris (Schinz 1822)	Blain et al. 2009
	In sub-levels T35-37, T43-48, T50

	Coronella austriaca Laurenti 1768	Blain et al. 2009
	In all sub-levels except for T34, T38
Reptilia - Crotalidae

	Vipera cf. aspis (Linnaeus 1758)	Blain et al. 2009
	recombined as Vipera (Vipera) aspis
	In all sub-levels except for T38, T42, T51-52
Reptilia - Lacertidae

	Lacertidae indet. Bonaparte 1831	Blain et al. 2009
	In all sub-levels

	Lacerta sp. sensu lato Linnaeus 1758	Blain et al. 2009
	In all sub-levels except for T40-42
Reptilia - Anguidae

	Anguis fragilis Linneaus 1758	Blain et al. 2009
	In all sub-levels except for T32, T34, T37-42, T54-55
Reptilia - Charadriiformes - Scolopacidae

	Scolopax rusticola Linnaeus 1758	Sanchez-Marco 1999	1 specimen

	Limosa limosa (Linnaeus 1758)	Sanchez-Marco 1999	1 specimen
Reptilia - Phasianidae

	Perdix palaeoperdix Mourer-Chauviré 1975	Sanchez-Marco 1999	5 specimens

	Coturnix coturnix (Linnaeus 1758)	Sanchez-Marco 1999	18 specimens
Reptilia - Falconidae

	Falco naumanni Fleischer 1818	Sanchez-Marco 1999	1 specimen
Reptilia - Anseriformes - Anatidae

	Anas sp. Linnaeus 1758	Sanchez-Marco 1999	4 specimens

	Anas crecca Linnaeus 1758	Sanchez-Marco 1999	1 specimen
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Muscicapidae

	Muscicapa striata (Pallas 1764)	Sanchez-Marco 1999	1 specimen
	1 humerus
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Turdidae

	Turdus merula Linnaeus 1758	Sanchez-Marco 1999	3 specimens
	3 humeri

	Turdus iliacus Linnaeus 1758	Sanchez-Marco 1999	1 specimen
	1 humerus

	Turdus philomelos Brehm 1831	Sanchez-Marco 1999	1 specimen
	1 humerus
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Alaudidae

	Calandrella cf. brachydactyla (Leisler 1814)	Sanchez-Marco 1999	2 specimens
	2 humeri

	Alauda arvensis Linnaeus 1758	Sanchez-Marco 1999	2 specimens
	2 humeri

	Galerida cristata (Linnaeus 1758)	Sanchez-Marco 1999	1 specimen
	1 humerus

	Lullula arborea (Linnaeus 1758)	Sanchez-Marco 1999	8 specimens
	8 humeri

	Melanocorypha calandra (Linnaeus 1766)	Sanchez-Marco 1999	1 specimen
	1 humerus

	Eremophila alpestris (Linnaeus 1759)	Sanchez-Marco 1999	1 specimen
	1 humerus
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Sturnidae

	Sturnus sp. Linnaeus 1756	Sanchez-Marco 1999	1 specimen
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Cinclidae

	Cinclus cinclus (Linnaeus 1758)	Sanchez-Marco 1999	1 specimen
	1 humerus
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Emberizidae

	Emberiza citrinella Linnaeus 1758	Sanchez-Marco 1999	1 specimen
	1 humerus
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Prunellidae

	Prunella modularis (Linnaeus 1758)	Sanchez-Marco 1999	1 specimen
	1 humerus

	Prunella collaris (Scopoli 1769)	Sanchez-Marco 1999	1 specimen
	1 humerus
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Hirundinidae

	Hirundo rustica Linnaeus 1758	Sanchez-Marco 1999	4 specimens
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Motacillidae

	Anthus pratensis (Linnaeus 1758)	Sanchez-Marco 1999	2 specimens
	2 humeri
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Fringillidae

	Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus 1758	Sanchez-Marco 1999	1 specimen
	1 humerus
Reptilia - Passeriformes - Corvidae

	Corvidae indet. Vigors 1825	Sanchez-Marco 1999

	Corvus antecorvax	Sanchez-Marco 1999	10 specimens
	fossil form of the raven Corvus corax
Reptilia - Gruiformes - Rallidae

	Porzana sp. Vieillot 1816	Sanchez-Marco 1999	1 specimen
Reptilia - Columbiformes - Columbidae

	Columba livia Gmelin 1789	Sanchez-Marco 1999	14 specimens
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Discoglossidae

	Alytes obstetricans (Laurenti 1768)	Blain et al. 2009
	original and current combination Bufo obstetricans
	In all sub-levels except for T42
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Pelodytidae

	Pelodytes punctatus (Daudin 1802)	Blain et al. 2009
	original and current combination Rana punctata
	In all sub-levels except for T42, T47, T55
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Pelobatidae

	Pelobates cultripes (Tschudi 1838)	Blain et al. 2009
	original and current combination Rana cultripes
	In all sub-levels except for T32, T34, T38, T42, T49, and T51-55
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Ranidae

	Rana sp. Linnaeus 1758	Blain et al. 2009
	In all sub-levels except for T42

	Pelophylax sp. Fitzinger 1843	Blain et al. 2009
	In sub-levels T43, T54
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Bufonidae

	Bufo calamita Cope 1864	Blain et al. 2009
	In all sub-levels

	Bufo bufo (Linnaeus 1758)	Blain et al. 2009
	original and current combination Rana bufo
	In all sub-levels except for T33, T40-42, T45, T49
Amphibia - Temnospondyli - Urodela

	Triturus sp. Rafinesque 1815	Blain et al. 2009
	In sub-level T51
see common names

Geography

Country:	Spain	State/province:	Castilla-Leon
Coordinates:	42.4° North, 3.5° West (view map)
Paleocoordinates:	42.4° North, 3.6° West
Basis of coordinate:	stated in text

Time

Period:	Quaternary	Epoch:	Pleistocene
Stage:	Calabrian	10 m.y. bin:	Cenozoic 6
Key time interval:	Calabrian
Age range of interval:	1.80000 - 0.77400 m.y. ago

Stratigraphy

Local section:	Trinchera de Ferrocarril	Local bed:	6
Local order:	bottom to top
Stratigraphy comments: TD6 dated between 0.99Ma (Jaramillo) and the Brunhes/Matuyama boundary (0.78Ma), uppermost level of TD6 is the Aurora Stratum, containing Homo antecessor remains). Plans and maps given in Carbonell et al. (1999).

Lithology and environment

Primary lithology:	gravel
Lithology description: Gravel and boulders
Environment:	fissure fill

Taphonomy

Modes of preservation:	body,anthropogenic
Size of fossils:	macrofossils,mesofossils

Collection methods and comments

Collection methods:	bulk,field collection
Reason for describing collection:	archaeological analysis
Collection method comments: Material currently held in the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid and Laboratori de Arqeologia de la Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona. They will be permanently stored in the Museo de Burgos.
Taxonomic list comments:This list includes all animals reported from TD6 (except the carnivore list which has been subdivided). See Atapuerca Aurora stratum record for those reported just from the hominid layer.

Metadata

Also known as:	Gran Dolina
Database number:	34870
Authorizer:	A. Turner, P. Mannion	Enterer:	H. O'Regan, L. Macaluso
Modifier:	L. Macaluso	Research group:	PACED,vertebrate
Created:	2003-10-09 02:46:34	Last modified:	2019-06-07 10:07:41
Access level:	the public	Released:	2003-10-09 02:46:34
Creative Commons license:	CC BY

Reference information

Primary reference:

9351.

PACED

E. Carbonell, M. Esteban, A. Martin Najera, M. Mosquera, X.P. Rodriguez, A. Olle, R. Sala, J.M. Verges, J.M. Bermudez Castro and A.I. Ortega. 1999. The Pleistocene site of Gran Dolina, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain: a history of the archaeological investigations. Journal of Human Evolution 1999(37):313-324 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan]

Secondary references:

67390		H.-A. Blain, S. Bailon, G. Cuenca-Bescós, J. L. Arsuaga, J. M. Bermύdez Castro and E. Carbonell. 2009. Long-term climate record inferred from early-middle Pleistocene amphibian and squamate reptile assemblages at the Gran Dolina Cave, Atapuerca, Spain. Journal of Human Evolution 56:55-65 [P. Mannion/L. Macaluso]
9346	PACED	G. Cuenca-Bescos, C. Laplana, and J. I. Canudo. 1999. Biochronological implications of the Arvicolidae (Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Lower Pleistocene hominid-bearing level of Trinchera Dolina 6 (TD6, Atapuerca, Spain). Journal of Human Evolution 37(3-4):353-373 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/J. Alroy]
9345	PACED	N. Garcia and J. L. Arsuaga. 1999. Carnivores from the Early Pleistocene hominid-bearing Trinchera Dolina 6 (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain). Journal of Human Evolution 37:415-430 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan]
9347	PACED	A. Sanchez-Marco. 1999. Implications of the avian fauna for palaeoecology in the Early Pleistocene of the Iberian Peninsula. Journal of Human Evolution 37:375-388 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan]
9344	PACED	J. van der Made. 1999. Ungulates from Atapuerca TD6. Journal of Human Evolution 37:389-413 [A. Turner/H. O'Regan/H. O'Regan]