Koro Toro - KT 13: Piacenzian, Chad
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
Mammalia
- Primates
- Hominidae
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Australopithecus sp.
Dart 1925
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Rhinocerotidae
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Ceratotherium cf. praecox
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
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Hipparion cf. hasumense
Eisenmann 1983
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recombined as Eurygnathohippus hasumense | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Suidae
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Notochoerus euilus
(Hopwood 1926)
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original and current combination Hylochoerus euilus | ||||||||||
Kolpochoerus afarensis
Cooke 1978
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originally entered as "Kolpochoerus afarenis" | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Hippopotamidae
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Hexaprotodon sp.
Falconer and Cautley 1836
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Mammalia
- Bovidae
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Gazella sp.
Blaineville 1816
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Antidorcas sp.
Sundevall 1847
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Hippotragini indet.
Sundevall 1845
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ETE occurrence; species: Hippotragini | ||||||||||
Alcelaphini indet.
Brookes 1876
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ETE occurrence; species: Alcelaphini-sm | ||||||||||
cf. Parmularius sp. n. sp.
Hopwood 1934
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Kobus informal sp. large tail nov.sp.A
Smith 1840
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ETE occurrence; species: large tail nov.sp.A | ||||||||||
Kobus informal sp. tail moyenne,nov.sp.B
Smith 1840
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ETE occurrence; species: "tail moyenne,nov.sp.B" | ||||||||||
Syncerus sp.
Hodgson 1847
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Mammalia
- Giraffidae
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Giraffidae indet.
Gray 1821
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Giraffa cf. gracilis
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Sivatherium sp.
Falconer and Cautley 1836
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Felidae
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Felis sp.
Linnaeus 1758
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ETE occurrence; species: taille F.silvestris | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Hyaenidae
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Hyaena sp.
Brisson 1762
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Mustelidae
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Enhydriodon sp.
Falconer 1868
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ETE occurrence; species: nov.sp. | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Proboscidea
- Elephantidae
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Stegodon kaisensis
Hopwood 1939
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ETE occurrence; species: stade evolue | ||||||||||
Loxodonta aff. exoptata
Dietrich 1941
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ETE occurrence; species: aff. adaurora | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Testudines
- Testudinidae
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Geochelone sp.
Fitzinger 1835
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Reptilia
- Testudines
- Trionychidae
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Trionyx sp.
Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1809
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originally entered as "Tionyx sp." | ||||||||||
Reptilia
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Tomistoma sp.
Müller 1846
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ETE occurrence; species: nov.sp. | ||||||||||
Crocodylus lloidi
(Fourtau 1918)
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recombined as Rimasuchus lloydi | ||||||||||
Reptilia
- Anseriformes
- Anatidae
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Anatidae indet.
Vigors 1825
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ETE occurrence; species: grande taille | ||||||||||
= Anserinae indet.
Vigors 1825
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Louchart et al. 2004 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Suliformes
- Anhingidae
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Aves indet.
Linnaeus 1758
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ETE occurrence; species: petit taille | ||||||||||
= Anhinga cf. melanogaster
Pennant 1769
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Louchart et al. 2004 | |||||||||
Reptilia
- Ciconiiformes
- Ciconiidae
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cf. Leptoptilos informal sp. B
Lesson 1831
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Louchart et al. 2004 | |||||||||
Actinopteri
- Centropomidae
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Lates sp.
Cuvier 1828
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see common names |
Geography
Country: | Chad |
Coordinates: | 16.0° North, 18.9° East (view map) |
Paleocoordinates: | 15.9° North, 18.7° East |
Time
Period: | Neogene | Epoch: | Pliocene |
Stage: | Piacenzian | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 |
*Period: | Tertiary - Tertiary | *Epoch: | Pliocene - Pliocene |
Key time interval: | Piacenzian | ||
Age range of interval: | 3.60000 - 2.58800 m.y. ago | ||
* legacy (obsolete) database fields |
Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy comments: ETE dating method: time_unit, ETE age comment: "Biochron,fauna like Hadar"
The associated mammal fauna first gives an estimated age at about 3–3.5 Ma in KT12 (Brunet et al., 1995, 1997). Then, cosmogenic nuclide dating of the argileous pelites that yielded the holotype fossil of Australopithecus bahrel- ghazali provided an age of 3.58 +/- 0.27 Ma in KT12 (Lebatard et al., 2008). |
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | sandstone |
Lithology description: ETE rock type adj: fine, ETE lithology comments: "poor consolidate,fine sndstone" | |
Environment: | fluvial indet. |
Geology comments: ETE sed env 1: fluvial, ETE sed env 2: . ETE event: ., ETE env comment: calm sed environ |
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation: | body |
Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Collection methods and comments
Collection methods: | selective quarrying,surface (in situ) |
Collection size: | 32 specimens |
Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis |
Collection method comments: ETE Size: .; ETE reference list: 482, ; ETE museum list: |
Metadata
Also known as: | ETE Locality 1341, Koro Toro 13, Koro Toro - KT 13, | ||
Database number: | 22506 | ||
Authorizer: | A. Behrensmeyer, M. Clapham | Enterer: | A. Behrensmeyer, M. Clapham |
Modifier: | G. Varnham | ||
Created: | 2000-04-12 01:00:00 | Last modified: | 2022-02-21 04:30:08 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 2000-04-12 01:00:00 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
5264. | ETE 976 | M. Brunet, A. Beauvilain, Y. Coppens, E. Heintz, A. H. E. Moutaye and D. Pilbeam. 1995. The first australopithecine 2500 kilometres west of the Rift Valley (Chad). Nature 378:273-275 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik] |
Secondary references:
72220 | A. Louchart, C. Mourer-Chauviré, H. Taisso Mackaye, A. Likius, P. Vignaud and M. Brunet. 2004. Les oiseaux du Pliocène inférieur du Djourab, Tchad, Afrique centrale. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 175:413-421 [M. Clapham/M. Clapham] |