Makapansgat - general: Late/Upper Pliocene, South Africa
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
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Chrysotricha hamiltoni
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Peloroceras helmei
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4 specimens | |||||||||
Griquatherium cingulatum
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1 specimen | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Macroscelidea
- Macroscelididae
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Elephantulus antiquus
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Elephantulus langi
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Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Herpestidae
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Cynictis penicillata
(Cuvier 1829)
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1 specimen | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: brachyodon | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Felidae
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aff. Felis cafra
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1 specimen | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: aff. Felis cafra | ||||||||||
Felis libyca
Forster 1780
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cf. Leptailurus spelaeus
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2 specimens | |||||||||
Acinonyx jubatus
(Schreber 1775)
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Felis aff. issiodorensis
Croizet and Jobert 1828
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recombined as Lynx issiodorensis | ||||||||||
ETE occurrence; species: mak - species name from unique name | ||||||||||
Felis serval
Schreber 1776
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recombined as Caracal serval | ||||||||||
Felis caracal
Schreber 1776
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recombined as Caracal caracal | ||||||||||
aff. Caracal caracal
(Schreber 1776)
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1 specimen | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: aff. Caracal caracal | ||||||||||
Machairodus darti
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1 specimen | |||||||||
Megantereon gracile
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Therailurus barlowi
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1 specimen | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Carnivora
- Canidae
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Canis cf. adustus
Sundevall 1847
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1 specimen | |||||||||
recombined as Schaeffia adusta | ||||||||||
Vulpes sp.
Frisch 1775
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1 specimen | |||||||||
cf. Canis mesomelas
Schreber 1775
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recombined as Lupulella mesomelas | ||||||||||
ETE occurrence; species: pappos | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
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Equus helmei
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cf. Stylohipparion steytleri
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synonym of Hipparion | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Rhinocerotidae
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Rhinocerotidae indet.
Gray 1821
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28 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Ceratotherium simum or D. bicornis | ||||||||||
Diceros bicornis
(Linnaeus 1758)
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9 specimens | |||||||||
Ceratotherium simum
(Burchell 1821)
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48 specimens | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Hippopotamidae
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Hippopotamus amphibius
Linnaeus 1758
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Mammalia
- Suidae
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Potamochoeroides shawi
(Dale 1948)
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109 specimens | |||||||||
recombined as Metridiochoerus shawi | ||||||||||
Notochoerus euilus
(Hopwood 1926)
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18 specimens | |||||||||
original and current combination Hylochoerus euilus | ||||||||||
cf. Notochoerus euilus
(Hopwood 1926)
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8 specimens | |||||||||
original and current combination Hylochoerus euilus | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Giraffidae
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Giraffa camelopardalis
(Linnaeus 1758)
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1 specimen | |||||||||
originally entered as "Giraffa cameleopardalis" | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Bovidae
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Makapania broomi
Wells and Cooke 1956
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76 specimens | |||||||||
Aepyceros cf. melampus
(Lichtenstein 1812)
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3 specimens | |||||||||
cf. Alcelaphus robustus
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3 specimens | |||||||||
cf. Gorgon taurinus
(Burchell 1823)
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58 specimens | |||||||||
recombined as Connochaetes taurinus | ||||||||||
Damaliscus aff. albifrons
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4 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: mak - species name from unique name | ||||||||||
Redunca arudinum
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Redunca fulvorufula
(Afzelius 1815)
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12 specimens | |||||||||
originally entered as "Redunca fulvoufula" | ||||||||||
Redunca darti
Wells and Cooke 1956
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9 specimens | |||||||||
cf. Oryx gazella
(Linnaeus 1758)
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5 specimens | |||||||||
Oreotragus major
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4 specimens | |||||||||
Cephalophus caerulus
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Cephalophus pricei
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26 specimens | |||||||||
Gazella gracilior
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7 specimens | |||||||||
originally entered as "Gazella grcilior" | ||||||||||
cf. Syncerus caffer
(Sparman 1779)
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23 specimens | |||||||||
original and current combination Bos caffer | ||||||||||
Taurotragus cf. oryx
(Pallas 1766)
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21 specimens | |||||||||
Strepsiceros strepsiceros
(Pallas 1766)
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24 specimens | |||||||||
recombined as Tragelaphus strepsiceros | ||||||||||
Tragelaphus angasi
(Gray 1849)
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original and current combination Tragelaphus angasii | ||||||||||
Mammalia
- Sivatheridae
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Libytherium cf. olduvaiense
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Mammalia
- Antilopidae
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Strepsiceros cf. angasi
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11 specimens | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Primates
- Cercopithecidae
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Simopithecus darti
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34 specimens | |||||||||
synonym of Theropithecus | ||||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: darti | ||||||||||
Parapapio spp.
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28 specimens | |||||||||
Parapapio jonesi
Broom 1940
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21 specimens | |||||||||
Parapapio whitei
Broom 1940
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9 specimens | |||||||||
Parapapio broomi
Jones 1937
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12 specimens | |||||||||
ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: or whitei | ||||||||||
Cercopithecoides broomi
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42 specimens | |||||||||
Mammalia
- Primates
- Hominidae
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Australopithecus africanus
Dart 1925
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29 specimens | |||||||||
originally entered as "Austrlopithecus africanus" | ||||||||||
unclassified
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Gazella vanhoepeni
(Wells and Cooke 1956)
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65 specimens | |||||||||
original and current combination Phenacotragus vanhoepeni | ||||||||||
see common names |
Geography
Country: | South Africa |
Coordinates: | 24.2° South, 29.0° East (view map) |
Paleocoordinates: | 24.3° South, 28.6° East |
Time
Period: | Neogene | Epoch: | Pliocene |
Stage: | Piacenzian | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 |
*Period: | Tertiary - Tertiary | *Epoch: | Pliocene - Pliocene |
Key time interval: | Late/Upper Pliocene | ||
Age range of interval: | 3.60000 - 2.58800 m.y. ago | ||
* legacy (obsolete) database fields |
Stratigraphy
Formation: | Makapansgat | ||||
Stratigraphy comments: ETE dating method: time_unit, ETE age comment: "Fauna/paleomag data sugg age=~3.0 Ma,w/range=3.32-2.6 Ma" |
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: | breccia |
Lithology description: ETE rock type adj: ., ETE lithology comments: breccia of slty/cly/sndy loam | |
Environment: | cave |
Geology comments: ETE sed env 1: trap, ETE sed env 2: cave ETE event: ., ETE env comment: depos in quiet pools |
Taphonomy
Collection methods and comments
Collection size: | 795 specimens |
Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis |
Collection method comments: ETE Size: macro; ETE reference list: 933, ; ETE museum list: |
Metadata
Also known as: | ETE Locality 1164, Makapansgat - general, | ||
Database number: | 22340 | ||
Authorizer: | A. Behrensmeyer | Enterer: | A. Behrensmeyer, J. Damuth |
Modifier: | J. Alroy | ||
Created: | 1999-08-23 00:00:00 | Last modified: | 2017-05-23 16:34:15 |
Access level: | the public | Released: | 1999-08-23 00:00:00 |
Creative Commons license: | CC BY |
Reference information
Primary reference:
4932. | ETE 644 | P. M. Butler and M. Greenwood. 1976. Elephant Shrews (Macroscelididae) from Olduvai and Makapansgat. Fossil Vertebrates of Africa 4:1-50 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik] |