Mpesida beds: Messinian, Kenya
List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
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unclassified
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Plantae indet.
Haeckel 1866
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| ETE occurrence; species: Plantae | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Proboscidea
- Elephantidae
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Stegotetrabelodon sp.
Petrocchi 1941
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Stegodon cf. kaisensis
Hopwood 1939
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Sanders 1999 | |||||||||
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Mammalia
- Proboscidea
- Gomphotheriidae
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Anancus kenyensis
MacInnes 1942
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Mammalia
- Hippopotamidae
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Hippopotamidae indet.
Gray 1821
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| ETE occurrence; species: Hippopotamidae | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Suidae
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Sivachoerus tulotos
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Mammalia
- Giraffidae
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Giraffidae indet.
Gray 1821
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| ETE occurrence; species: Giraffidae | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Bovidae
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Bovidae indet.
Gray 1821
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3 specimens | |||||||||
| ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae | ||||||||||
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Gazella sp.
Blaineville 1816
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| ETE occurrence; species: or Raphiceros | ||||||||||
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Tragelaphini indet.
Blyth 1863
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2 specimens | |||||||||
| ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Tragelaphini | ||||||||||
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Tragelaphus sp.
de Blainville 1816
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Kobus sp.
Smith 1840
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Madoqua sp.
Ogilby 1837
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Antilopini indet.
Gray 1821
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1 specimen | |||||||||
| ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Antilopini | ||||||||||
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Kobus aff. porrecticornis
(Lydekker 1878)
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| original and current combination Antilope porrecticornis | ||||||||||
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cf. Alcelaphini indet.
Brookes 1876
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2 specimens | |||||||||
| ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: cf. Alcelaphini | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Equidae
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Hipparion sp.
de Christol 1832
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Chalicotheriidae
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Chemositia tugenensis
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| synonym of Ancylotherium | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Perissodactyla
- Rhinocerotidae
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Brachypotherium cf. lewisi
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Ceratotherium praecox
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Mammalia
- Lagomorpha
- Leporidae
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Leporidae indet.
Fischer de Waldheim 1817
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| ETE occurrence; species: Leporidae | ||||||||||
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Mammalia
- Primates
- Cercopithecidae
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Cercopithecidae indet.
Gray 1821
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| ETE occurrence; species: Colobinae | ||||||||||
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Reptilia
- Crocodylidae
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Crocodylidae indet.
Cuvier 1807
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| ETE occurrence; species: Crocodylidae | ||||||||||
| see common names | ||||||||||
Geography
| Country: | Kenya |
| Coordinates: | 0.8° North, 35.8° East (view map) |
| Paleocoordinates: | 0.5° North, 35.2° East |
Time
| Period: | Neogene | Epoch: | Miocene |
| Stage: | Messinian | 10 m.y. bin: | Cenozoic 6 |
| *Period: | Tertiary | ||
| *International age/stage: | Tortonian - Messinian | ||
| Key time interval: | Messinian | ||
| Age range of interval: | 7.24600 - 5.33300 m.y. ago | ||
| * legacy (obsolete) database fields | |||
Stratigraphy
| Formation: | Mpesida | ||||
| Stratigraphy comments: ETE dating method: absolute, ETE age comment: Max age = 7.3-6.9 Ma; Min age = 6.20 +/- .19 Ma radiometric intage_max, radiometric intage_min
Jacobs et al. 2002: Single-crystal, laser-fusion, 4 0 Ar/3 9 Ar dates from a capping trachyte flow as well as tuffs just below the lava contact indicate an age of greater than 6ยท37 Ma for the fossil material. |
Lithology and environment
| Primary lithology: | not reported |
| Lithology description: ETE rock type adj: 0, ETE lithology comments: slts/sst/tffs/fne conglom | |
| Environment: | fluvial-lacustrine indet. |
| Geology comments: ETE sed env 1: fluv_lacustr, ETE sed env 2: . ETE event: ., ETE env comment: includes deeper parts of lake(s)
Jacobs et al. 2002: Preserved anatomical features of the fossil wood as well as estimated tree heights suggest a wet, lowland rainforest in this portion of the rift valley. Stable isotopic analyses of fossil enamel and paleosol components indicate the presence of more open habitats locally. | |
Taphonomy
| Modes of preservation: | body |
| Size of fossils: | macrofossils |
Collection methods and comments
| Collection size: | 26 specimens |
| Reason for describing collection: | taxonomic analysis |
| Collection method comments: ETE Size: macro; ETE reference list: 952, ; ETE museum list: KNM | |
Metadata
| Also known as: | ETE Locality 1131, Mpesida, Baringo, Mpesida beds, | ||
| Database number: | 22307 | ||
| Authorizer: | A. Behrensmeyer, M. Uhen | Enterer: | A. Behrensmeyer, M. Uhen |
| Modifier: | G. Varnham | Research group: | vertebrate |
| Created: | 1999-08-05 00:00:00 | Last modified: | 2022-02-07 07:24:13 |
| Access level: | the public | Released: | 1999-08-05 00:00:00 |
| Creative Commons license: | CC BY | ||
Reference information
Primary reference:
| 5563. | ETE 1301 | A. Hill. 1985. Early hominid from Baringo,Kenya. Nature (London) 315(6016):222-224 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik] |
Secondary references:
| 79607 | B. F. Jacobs, J. D. Kingston, A. Hill and A. Deino. 2002. Stratigraphy, age and environments of the late Miocene Mpesida Beds, Tugen Hills, Kenya. Journal of Human Evolution 42:95-116 [P. Mannion/G. Varnham] | |
| 31949 | W. J. Sanders. 1999. Oldest record of Stegodon (Mammalia: Proboscidea). 19(4):793-797 [M. Uhen/M. Uhen] |