East Turkana - Kapthurin fm.: Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene, Kenya

List of taxa
Where & when
Geology
Taphonomy & methods
Metadata & references
Taxonomic list
unclassified
Oenomys sp.
Tilapia sp.
Gastropoda - Thiaridae
Melanoides indet. Olivier 1804
ETE occurrence; species: mak - replaced genus name sp. with family name
Mammalia
Mammalia indet. Linnaeus 1758
ETE occurrence; species: Carnivora
Mammalia - Rodentia - Hystricidae
Hystrix sp. Linnaeus 1758
2 specimens
Mammalia - Rodentia - Thryonomyidae
Thryonomys sp. Fitzinger 1867
Mammalia - Rodentia - Gliridae
Graphiurus sp. Smuts 1832
Mammalia - Rodentia - Nesomyidae
Dendromus sp. Smith 1829
Cricetomys sp. Waterhouse 1840
Mammalia - Rodentia - Muridae
Otomys cf. angoniensis
Steatomys sp. Peters 1846
Mammalia - Primates - Cercopithecidae
Cercopithecidae indet. Gray 1821
ETE occurrence; species: Cecopithecinae
Colobus sp. Illiger 1811
Theropithecus cf. oswaldi (Andrews 1916)
Papio sp. Erxleben 1777
Mammalia - Primates - Hominidae
Homo cf. erectus (Dubois 1892)
Mammalia - Soricidae
Soricidae indet. Fischer 1814
ETE occurrence; species: Soricidae
Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Ceratotherium simum (Burchell 1821)
Mammalia - Suidae
Suidae indet. Gray 1821
ETE occurrence; species: Suidae
Mesochoerus majus
Kolpochoerus majus (Hopwood 1934)
Phacochoerus aethiopicus (Pallas 1766)
Potamochoerus porcus (Linnaeus 1758)
Mammalia - Hippopotamidae
Hippopotamus amphibius Linnaeus 1758
18 specimens
Mammalia - Bovidae
Gazella sp. Blaineville 1816
Ourebia sp.
Antidorcas sp. Sundevall 1847
Oryx sp. de Blainville 1816
Damaliscus sp. Sclater and Thomas 1894
Alcelaphus sp. Blainville 1816
Alcelaphus cf. buselaphus Pallas 1766
Cephalophus sp. Smith 1827
Sylvicapra sp. Ogilby 1837
Kobus sp. Smith 1840
Kobus cf. ellipsiprymnus (Ogilby 1833)
original and current combination Antilope ellipsiprymnus
Redunca sp. Smith 1827
Tragelaphus sp. de Blainville 1816
Tragelaphus cf. scriptus (Pallas 1766)
cf. Syncerus caffer (Sparman 1779)
original and current combination Bos caffer
Mammalia - Carnivora - Felidae
Panthera leo (Linnaeus 1758)
Mammalia - Carnivora - Hyaenidae
Crocuta crocuta (Erxleben 1777)
Mammalia - Carnivora - Herpestidae
Ichneumia sp. Geoffroy 1837
Mammalia - Hyracoidea - Procaviidae
Heterohyrax sp. (Gray 1868)
Mammalia - Tubulidentata - Orycteropodidae
Orycteropus sp. Geoffroy 1791
    = Orycteropus afer Pallas 1766
Pickford 2005
Mammalia - Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Elephas sp. Linnaeus 1758
Reptilia
Reptilia indet. Laurenti 1768
ETE occurrence; species: Chelonia
Reptilia - Varanidae
Varanus sp. Merrem 1820
Reptilia
Crocodylus sp. Laurenti 1768
Reptilia - Struthioniformes - Struthionidae
Struthio sp. Linnaeus 1758
Actinopteri - Siluriformes - Clariidae
Clarias sp. Scopoli 1777
see common names

Geography
Country:Kenya
Coordinates: 0.5° North, 36.0° East (view map)
Paleocoordinates:0.5° North, 36.0° East
Time
Period:Quaternary Epoch:Pleistocene
10 m.y. bin:Cenozoic 6
*Period:Quaternary - Quaternary *Epoch:Pleistocene - Middle - Late/Upper Pleistocene
Key time interval:Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene
Age range of interval:0.78100 - 0.01170 m.y. ago
* legacy (obsolete) database fields
Stratigraphy
Formation:Kapthurin
Stratigraphy comments: ETE dating method: composite, ETE age comment: Max age=.78 Ma;Min age=.25+/- .12 Ma (K/Ar dates from tuff K4) radiometric intage_min

Detailed tephrochronology reports can be found in Blegen et al. 2018 (A new tephrochronology for early diverse stone tool technologies and long-distance raw material transport in the Middle to Late Pleistocene Kapthurin Formation, East Africa, Journal of Human Evolution) supporting Middle–Late Pleistocene age for the Kapthurin Fm.
Lithology and environment
Primary lithology: tuff
Lithology description: ETE rock type adj: 0, ETE lithology comments: coarsely-bed blder conglm>fn-gned volc tuffs
Environment:fluvial-lacustrine indet.
Geology comments: ETE sed env 1: fluv_lacustr, ETE sed env 2: . ETE event: ., ETE env comment: 0
Taphonomy
Modes of preservation:body
Size of fossils:macrofossils
Collection methods and comments
Collection size:68 specimens
Reason for describing collection:taxonomic analysis
Collection method comments: ETE Size: both; ETE reference list: 922, ; ETE museum list: KNM
Metadata
Also known as:ETE Locality 1096, Baringo, Kapthurin, Kapthurin fm.,
Database number:22272
Authorizer:A. Behrensmeyer, P. Holroyd Enterer:A. Behrensmeyer, J. Damuth, P. Holroyd
Modifier:G. Varnham Research group:vertebrate
Created:1999-08-04 00:00:00 Last modified:2022-02-02 05:00:05
Access level:the public Released:1999-08-04 00:00:00
Creative Commons license:CC BY
Reference information

Primary reference:

5569.ETE 1307L. E. Frostick and I. Reid. 1986. Evolution and sedimentary character of lake deltas fed by ephemeral rivers in the Turkana Basin, southern Kenya. Geological Society of America Special Publication 25:113-125 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik]

Secondary references:

26068 M. Pickford. 2005. Orycteropus (Tubulidentata, Mammalia) from Langebaanweg and Baard’s Quarry, Early Pliocene of South Africa. Comptes Rendus Palevol 4:715-726 [P. Holroyd/P. Holroyd/J. Alroy]